scholarly journals 51. Interpretation of solar radio-frequency disk brightness distributions derived from observations with aerials extended in one dimension

1957 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 290-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. Smerd ◽  
J. P. Wild
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radio ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Solar Model ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Fourier Synthesis ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Finite Resolution ◽  
Dimensional Distribution ◽  
The Individual

Several recent papers have dealt with observations of brightness distributions over the solar disk, which were derived either from two-aerial interferometer observations at various spacings and orientations (e.g. O'Brien, 1953) [1], or from multiple-element interferometer fan-beam observations at various orientations (e.g. Christiansen and Warburton, 1954) [2], In each a two-dimensional distribution is derived from a number of essentially one-dimensional observations by a Fourier synthesis method described by O'Brien. The detail given by these methods must be limited by the finite resolution of the individual observations (limited by the maximum aperture of the aerial system), but the form of the limitation is not obvious, though its knowledge is required when relating the observations to a solar model.

2-D AUTOMATIC COMPOSITION OF NODAL VALUES FROM NUMERICAL MODEL USING SCRIPT PROGRAMMING

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudi Heriansyah
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Finite Difference ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Commercial Software ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Automatic Composition ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Nodes

There are many commercial software to perform numerical modeling based on finite element (FEM) and finite difference (FDM) methods. It is often a requirement to the designer, that the values of the individual nodes in the numerical model are known. Usually, these softwares provide two methods to achieve this; firstly, by clicking directly onto the nodes of interest and secondly, by saving or exporting the whole nodal values to an external file. The former way is appropriate for models with small number of nodes, but as the number of nodes increases, it is no longer an efficient or effective way. Through the latter method, all nodal values are obtained, however the values are one-dimensional, and in some cases, only certain nodal values are required for presentation. In this paper, an algorithm for automatic composition of nodal values obtained from the second method mentioned above. The composed nodal values will be in two-dimensional form as this is the format used for uniform shaped model (square or rectangular). Since numerical softwares usually have facilities to save the data in a spreadsheet format, the proposed algorithm is implemented in this environment by using spreadsheet script programming.

scholarly journals Masses of asteroids and total mass of the main asteroid belt

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (S318) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
E. V. Pitjeva ◽  
N. P. Pitjev
Keyword(s):  
Total Mass ◽  
Radar Data ◽  
Asteroid Belt ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Binary Asteroids ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Main Asteroid Belt ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

AbstractAn estimation of the mass of the main asteroid belt was made on the basis of the new version of EPM2014 ephemerides of the Institute of Applied Astronomy of Russian Academy of Sciences using about 800000 positional observations of planets and spacecraft. We obtained the individual estimations of masses of large asteroids from radar data, as well as estimates of the masses of asteroids by using known diameters and estimated average densities for the three taxonomic types (C, S, M), and used the known mass values of binary asteroids and asteroids to which spacecraft approached. A two-dimensional homogeneous annulus with dimensions corresponding observed width of the main asteroid belt (2.06 au and 3.27 au) was used instead of a previous massive one-dimensional ring for modeling total perturbations from small asteroids. The obtained value of the total mass of the main asteroid belt is (12.25 ± 0.19)10−10M⊙.

Solar Radio Observations at 843 MHz

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Gray ◽  
D. Campbell-Wilson ◽  
M. I. Large
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radio ◽  
Coronal Holes ◽  
Total Power ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Radio Observations ◽  
Radio Brightness ◽  
Partial Synthesis ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Exact Relationship

AbstractThe Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST) has been used to observe the Sun with total-power fan-beams having a one-dimensional resolution of 41 arcsec at 843 MHz. The scans reveal clearly the rotation and evolution of the slowly-varying component as well as some burst activity. Low radio brightness features have also been identified, but the exact relationship between these features and coronal holes is, as yet, unclear. Several partial synthesis observations have been used to generate two-dimensional radioheliograms.

Development of a Spray-Coated Tactile Sensor – Prototype and Modeling of 2D Sensor on Cylindrical Surface –

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 882-893
Author(s):  
Kouki Sato ◽  
Luis Canete ◽  
Takayuki Takahashi ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Equivalent Circuit ◽  
Cylindrical Surface ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Tactile Sensor ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Contact Position ◽  
Spray Gun

The objective of this study is to extend the application of the spray-coated tactile sensor, ScoTacS, which is being developed by the authors and can be constructed simply by “coating” with a spray gun, from one dimension to two dimensions, and further to configure it into various shapes such as a ring. This sensor is constructed by coating three layers-conductive, piezoelectric, and resistive films-in sequence. It is based on a unique principle by which the contact position is detected from the delay time, i.e., the time difference between the arrivals of peaks in the output signals. As the delay time varies with the contact position, it can be used to estimate the contact position. In this paper, after analyzing the characteristics of one-dimensional sensors, such as linear and ring sensors, we present the equivalent circuit models and experimental results of a two-dimensional sensor fully coated on a cylinder.

scholarly journals Crystal structures of threeN-aryl-2,2,2-tribromoacetamides

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1048-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sreenivasa ◽  
S. Naveen ◽  
N. K. Lokanath ◽  
G. M. Supriya ◽  
H. N. Lakshmikantha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Supramolecular Architecture ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
One Dimensional

ThreeN-aryl-2,2,2-tribromoacetamides, namely, 2,2,2-tribromo-N-(2-fluorophenyl)acetamide, C8H5Br3FNO, (I), 2,2,2-tribromo-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]acetamide, C9H5Br3F3NO, (II) and 2,2,2-tribromo-N-(4-fluorophenyl)acetamide, C8H5Br3FNO, (III) were synthesized and their crystal structures were analysed. In the crystal structure of (I), C—Br...πarylinteractions connect the molecules into dimers, which in turn are connectedviaBr...Br contacts [3.6519 (12) Å], leading to the formation of a one-dimensional ladder-type architecture. The crystal structure of (II) features chains linked by N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds. Two such chains are interlinked to form ribbons through Br...Br [3.6589 (1) Å] and Br...F [3.0290 (1) Å] interactions. C—Br...πaryland C—F...πarylinteractions between the ribbons extend the supramolecular architecture of (II) from one dimension to two. In (III), the molecules are connected intoR22(8) dimersviapairs of C—H...F interactions and these dimers form ribbons through Br...Br [3.5253 (1) Å] contacts. The ribbons are further interlinked into columnsviaC—Br...O=C contacts, forming a two-dimensional architecture.

Polynuclear chloromercurate(II) systems in their chloropyridinium salts

1999 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Linden ◽  
Bruce D. James ◽  
John Liesegang ◽  
Nick Gonis
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Cross Link ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Compound Ii

The chloromercurate(II) salts of 2-, 3- and 4-chloropyridine display a variety of anion stoichiometries and structures, including the rare [Hg3Cl10]4− stoichiometry. 2-Chloropyridinium trichloromercurate(II), (I), (C5H5ClN)[HgCl3], monoclinic, P21/n, a = 9.094 (8), b = 18.143 (4), c = 12.902 (3) Å, β = 106.13 (4)° with Z = 8, has the [HgCl3]− stoichiometry, but the anions are infinite chains composed of [HgCl3]−, HgCl2 and Cl− moieties linked by longer Hg...Cl contacts. Hydrogen bonds link the cations to the formal Cl− ions. Tetrakis(3-chloropyridinium) decachlorotrimercurate(II), (II), (C5H5ClN)4[Hg3Cl10], monoclinic, P21/n, a = 7.522 (2), b = 28.046 (3), c = 9.165 (2) Å, β = 105.78 (2)° with Z = 2, has the rare [Hg3Cl10]4− stoichiometry and contains infinite one-dimensional double-stranded {([HgCl4]2−)2 [HgCl2]} n anionic chains made up of linear HgCl2 and distorted [HgCl4]2− entities linked together by longer Hg...Cl contacts. The HgCl2 moieties are joined by double [HgCl4]2− bridges. Hydrogen bonds link the cations to the sides of the anionic columns. Tetrakis(4-chloropyridinium) decachlorotrimercurate(II), (III), (C5H5ClN)4[Hg3Cl10], triclinic, P1¯, a = 9.907 (3), b = 13.226 (2), c = 7.282 (2) Å, α = 84.41 (2), β = 74.81 (2), γ = 87.34 (2)° with Z = 1, also has the [Hg3Cl10]4− stoichiometry and the same type of {([HgCl4]2−)2[HgCl2]} n anionic chains that were found in compound (II), but the formal HgCl2 and [HgCl4]2− moieties are more discrete with much weaker contacts linking the individual units. Bifurcated hydrogen bonds with the cations cross-link the anionic chains to form an infinite two-dimensional network. Second forms of the 3- and 4-chloropyridinium salts were also obtained. 3-Chloropyridinium trichloromercurate(II), (IV), (C5H5ClN)[HgCl3], monoclinic, P21/c, a = 7.243 (5), b = 22.145 (8), c = 12.320 (3) Å, β = 99.52 (3)° with Z = 8, has the [HgCl3]− stoichiometry, but the anions are infinite chains composed of distorted [Hg2Cl6]2− moieties. Bifurcated hydrogen bonds from the cations cross-link the anionic chains to form infinite two-dimensional layers. Bis(4-chloropyridinium) hexachlorodimercurate(II), (V), (C5H5ClN)2[Hg2Cl6], monoclinic, C2/m, a = 13.447 (3), b = 7.534 (2), c = 9.939 (2) Å, β = 97.48 (2)° with Z = 2, contains highly symmetrical discrete [Hg2Cl6]2−anions. Bifurcated hydrogen bonds from the cations interconnect the anions to form infinite one-dimensional chains.

scholarly journals The Maximum of a Symmetric Next Neighbor Walk on the Nonnegative Integers

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 162-173
Author(s):  
Ora E. Percus ◽  
Jerome K. Percus
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Generating Functions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Symmetric Random Walk ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Distribution

We consider a one-dimensional discrete symmetric random walk with a reflecting boundary at the origin. Generating functions are found for the two-dimensional probability distribution P{S n = x, max1≤j≤n S n = a} of being at position x after n steps, while the maximal location that the walker has achieved during these n steps is a. We also obtain the familiar (marginal) one-dimensional distribution for S n = x, but more importantly that for max1≤j≤n S j = a asymptotically at fixed a 2 / n. We are able to compute and compare the expectations and variances of the two one-dimensional distributions, finding that they have qualitatively similar forms, but differ quantitatively in the anticipated fashion.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY AMBIVALENCE OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE CONTEXT OF PERSONAL INTEGRATIVE CONCEPT

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Zelinska
Keyword(s):  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Simultaneous Operation ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Western Psychology ◽  
Phenomenological Studies ◽  
Integrative Concept ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Moderate Resistance

Author presented personal integrative concept, its basic principles, scientific terms, and the structural and dynamic model of ambivalence identity in adolescence. Revealed personal methodology that includes issues of consciousness, consciousness of ambivalence. Displayed the principles of humanistic and cognitive areas of Western psychology. It is shown that an integrative approach makes it possible to combine the heritage of academic and practical psychology, phenomenological studies of ambivalence personality. Ability to simultaneously coordinate the individual weak, moderate resistance opposites ambivalence of self-creation experience wholeness and harmony (with actual, and potential positive, negative) are growing in adolescence. Powerful resistance ambivalence consistently updates the alternation of opposites, which blocks semantic integrity and harmony of the individual. The relationships of positive and negative are caused by their value to the individual, so these opposites are coordinated and uncoordinated simultaneously or alternate. Presented components of personality ambivalence form a quality hierarchy levels: harmonious low - simultaneous operation of two-dimensional positive and negative; uncoordinated average - two-dimensional fluctuations and simultaneous operation of both positive and negative; disharmonious high - and consistent one-dimensional alternating positive and negative. In the article, the idea that the ambivalence of the individual in adolescence is growing awareness of the ability to balance, harmonize, react and globally integrate its opposite side support in the components. As a result, the individual simulates harmonization of ambivalence of global I.

scholarly journals Fractional Statistics of Charge Carriers in the One- and Two-Dimensional t-J Model: A Hint for the Cuprates?

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Pieralberto Marchetti
Keyword(s):  
Exact Solution ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
High Tc ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Composite Nature ◽  
The One ◽  
High Tc Cuprates

We show that we can interpret the exact solution of the one-dimensional t-J model in the limit of small J in terms of charge carriers with both exchange (braid) and exclusion (Haldane) statistics with parameter 1/2. We discuss an implementation of the same statistics in the two-dimensional t-J model, emphasizing similarities and differences with respect to one dimension. In both cases, the exclusion statistics is a consequence of the no-double occupation constraint. We argue that the application of this formalism to hole-doped high Tc cuprates and the derived composite nature of the hole give a hint to grasp many unusual properties of these materials.

scholarly journals The Distribution of Radio Brightness over the Solar Disk at a Wavelength of 21 Centimetres. II. The Quiet Sun ? One-dimensional Observations

1953 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
WN Christiansen ◽  
JA Warburton
Keyword(s):  
Brightness Distribution ◽  
Lower Envelope ◽  
Solar Model ◽  
Radio Brightness ◽  
Preliminary Calculation ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Quiet Sun ◽  
Dimensional Distribution ◽  
Small Change ◽  
Shape And Size

Daily records of one-dimensional distribution of radio brightness over the Sun are obtained in the way described in Part I of this series (Christiansen and Warburton 1953). When superimposed, these records show a well-marked lower envelope which remains substantially the same, in shape and size, over a period of months. This envelope gives the brightness distribution over the "quiet" Sun. The direction of scan, with respect to the position of. the solar axis, changes during a year by more than 50�. The very small change in shape of the envelope during this period suggests that for purposes of preliminary calculation the brightness distribution may be assumed to be circularly symmetrical. The radial distribution of brightness, calculated on this basis, is found to show marked limb-brightening and to be consistent with the calculated brightness distribution for a simple solar model in which the assumed values of temperature and density are close to those commonly accepted.

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