scholarly journals Boundary Layers in Extragalactic Jets

1996 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 461-462
Author(s):  
DAVID S. DE YOUNG
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Ambient Medium ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Radio Luminosity ◽  
Central Engine ◽  
Extragalactic Jets ◽  
Loss Term

The radio morphology of extragalactic radio sources, in particular the FR I objects, has long been recognized to be suggestive of an outflow which is undergoing a strong interaction with the surrounding medium. Two essential elements must be noted in considering this interaction. First, it is inevitable. Second, the interaction will always provide mass and energy transfer from the jet to the ambient medium, and thus it is a loss term in the overall energy balance of the radio source. As will be seen, these losses can be comparable to the overall radio luminosity and hence are a nontrivial constraint on the energy requirements placed on the central engine.

scholarly journals Analytical Modelling of Linear Size Evolution of Powerful Radio Sources

1996 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 481-482
Author(s):  
Krzysztof T. Chyży
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Medium ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Constant Density ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Powerful Radio ◽  
Size Evolution ◽  
Bulk Energy ◽  
High Mach ◽  
Relativistic Particles

We assume that two continuous, supersonic jets of plasma advance into a uniform surrounding medium of constant density and pressure. In terms of fluid dynamics their propagation is described by the kinetic model suitable for high Mach number flows, which likely occur in edge-brightened powerful radio sources. In this approximation the jet flowing energy is dominated by the bulk energy of thermal material. The end of the jet enters the undisturbed ambient medium and forms a front shock, where the supplied bulk energy is in situ transferred to relativistic particles and magnetic field.

scholarly journals The different flavors of extragalactic jets: The role of relativistic flow deceleration

2020 ◽  
Vol 642 ◽  
pp. A69 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rossi ◽  
G. Bodo ◽  
S. Massaglia ◽  
A. Capetti
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Medium ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lorentz Factor ◽  
Uniform Density ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Extragalactic Jets ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Relativistic Flow ◽  
Flow Deceleration

We perform three-dimensional numerical simulations of relativistic (with a Lorentz factor of 10), non-magnetized jets propagating in a uniform density environment in order to study the effect of the entrainment and the consequent deceleration. Our simulations investigate the jet propagation inside the galaxy core, where the deceleration most likely occurs more efficiently. We compare cases with different density and pressure ratios with respect to the ambient medium and find that low density jets are efficiently decelerated and reach a quasi-steady state in which, over a length of 600 jet radii, they slow down from highly relativistic to sub-relativistic velocities. Conversely, denser jets keep highly relativistic velocities over the same length. We discuss these results in relation to the Faranoff Riley (FR) radio source classification. We infer that lower density jets can give rise to FR 0 and FR I radio sources, while higher density jets may be connected to FR II radio sources.

scholarly journals Optical Afterglows as Probes for the Central Engine and Fireball of Gamma-Ray Bursts

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S290) ◽  
pp. 263-264
Author(s):  
Liang Li ◽  
En-Wei Liang ◽  
He Gao ◽  
Bing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Density Profile ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Ambient Medium ◽  
Gamma Ray Bursts ◽  
Prompt Gamma ◽  
Medium Density ◽  
Central Engine ◽  
Prompt Emission

AbstractWell-sampled optical lightcurves of 146 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are compiled from literature. We identify possible emission components based on our empirical fits and present statistical analysis for these components. We find that the flares are related to prompt emission, suggesting that they could have the same origin in different episodes. The shallow decay segment is not correlated with prompt gamma-rays. It likely signals a long-lasting injected wind from GRB central engines. Early after onset peak is closely related with prompt emission. The ambient medium density profile is likely n ∝ r−1. No correlation between the late re-brightening bump and prompt gamma-rays or the onset bump is found. They may be from another jet component.

scholarly journals Spatially resolved studies of extragalactic jets in high redshift radio galaxies

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (S313) ◽  
pp. 231-235
Author(s):  
Leah K. Morabito ◽  
Adam Deller ◽  
J. B. R. Oonk ◽  
Huub Röttgering ◽  
George Miley
Keyword(s):  
High Redshift ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Radio Galaxies ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Long Baseline ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Spectrum Radio ◽  
Extragalactic Jets ◽  
Frequency Survey

AbstractThe correlation between radio spectral steepness and redshift has been successfully used to find high redshift (z ⩾ 2) radio galaxies, but the origin of this relation is unknown. The ultra-steep spectra of high-z radio sources make them ideally suited for studies with the Low Band Antenna of the new Low Frequency Array, which covers 10–80 MHz and has baselines up to about 1300 km. As part of an ongoing survey, we use the longest baselines to map the low-frequency (< 70 MHz) spatial distributions along the jets of 5 bright extended steep spectrum high-z radio sources. From this, we will determine whether the spectra change over these spatially resolved sources, thereby constraining particle acceleration processes. We present early results from our low-frequency survey of ultra-steep spectrum radio galaxies. The first low frequency long baseline images of these objects are presented.

scholarly journals A Novel Method for Estimating the Ambient Medium Density Around Distant Radio Sources from Their Observed Radio Spectra

2021 ◽  
Vol 922 (2) ◽  
pp. 197
Author(s):  
Anna Wójtowicz ◽  
Łukasz Stawarz ◽  
Jerzy Machalski ◽  
Luisa Ostorero
Keyword(s):  
Radio Emission ◽  
Ambient Medium ◽  
Radio Galaxies ◽  
Radiative Properties ◽  
Radio Continuum ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Radio Structure ◽  
5 Ghz

Abstract The dynamical evolution and radiative properties of luminous radio galaxies and quasars of the FR II type, are well understood. As a result, through the use of detailed modeling of the observed radio emission of such sources, one can estimate various physical parameters of the systems, including the density of the ambient medium into which the radio structure evolves. This, however, requires rather comprehensive observational information, i.e., sampling the broadband radio continua of the targets at several frequencies, and imaging their radio structures with high resolution. Such observations are, on the other hand, not always available, especially for high-redshift objects. Here, we analyze the best-fit values of the source physical parameters, derived from extensive modeling of the largest currently available sample of FR II radio sources, for which good-quality multiwavelength radio flux measurements could be collected. In the analyzed data set, we notice a significant and nonobvious correlation between the spectral index of the nonthermal radio emission continuum, and density of the ambient medium. We derive the corresponding correlation parameters, and quantify the intrinsic scatter by means of Bayesian analysis. We propose that the discovered correlation could be used as a cosmological tool to estimate the density of ambient medium for large samples of distant radio galaxies. Our method does not require any detailed modeling of individual sources, and relies on limited observational information, namely, the slope of the radio continuum between the rest-frame frequencies 0.4 and 5 GHz, possibly combined with the total linear size of the radio structure.

scholarly journals Observations of Galactic and Extragalactic Jets

1986 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 403-424
Author(s):  
R.A. Perley
Keyword(s):  
Radio Sources ◽  
Fourier Synthesis ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Very Large Array ◽  
Imaging Interferometer ◽  
Extragalactic Jets ◽  
Angular Extent ◽  
Discrete Radio Sources

Since nearly all discrete radio sources of astronomical interest are of insufficient angular extent for their detailed structural properties to be accessible to single-dish radio telescopes, radio interferometry must be employed to gain information on the morphologies of these objects. Recently constructed imaging interferometer arrays which employ the technique of Fourier synthesis, particularly MERLIN and the VLA (Very Large Array), and the more recent VLBI arrays, have given unprecedented imaging capabilities, with the result that our knowledge, and hence perceptions, of discrete radio sources have vastly changed over the last few years. An equally important parallel development has been image processing algorithms. These have vastly improved the quality of information produced by these arrays, so that an instrument such as the VLA can now produce images with speed and quality exceeding original design specifications by factors of 100 to 1000.

scholarly journals The radio morphology of quasars at high redshift

1986 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 181-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Barthel
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Medium ◽  
High Redshift ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Evolution Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe

The mapping at kpc-scale resolution of the radio sources associated with quasars is fascinating, since it provides us with morphological information on a population of objects during 1010.3 y evolution of the universe, as well as information on a possible epoch dependence of the influence of the ambient medium on the properties of these objects.

scholarly journals The Distant DRAGNs Survey

1996 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 513-514
Author(s):  
J. D. B. Law-Green
Keyword(s):  
Flux Density ◽  
Ambient Medium ◽  
High Redshift ◽  
Galactic Nuclei ◽  
Cosmological Evolution ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Extragalactic Radio Sources ◽  
Matched Samples

DRAGNs (Double Radio sources Associated with Galactic Nuclei, Leahy 1991) are the class of powerful extragalactic radio sources thought to be produced by the interaction of a jet with the ambient medium. They exhibit strong cosmological evolution in comoving number density; at z ≃ 2 the “classical double” FR II DRAGNs were ≃ 1000 times as common as they are now (Dunlop & Peacock 1990).To understand this, systematic studies of complete DRAGN samples at low and high z and differing levels of flux density are required, in order to resolve the P – z ambiguity. The Distant DRAGNs Survey is a long-term project to image with the VLA and MERLIN, matched samples of DRAGNs at high redshift.

scholarly journals Extragalactic jets as probes of distant clusters of galaxies and the clusters occupied by bent radio AGN (COBRA) survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (S313) ◽  
pp. 315-320
Author(s):  
Elizabeth L. Blanton ◽  
Rachel Paterno-Mahler ◽  
Joshua D. Wing ◽  
M. L. N. Ashby ◽  
Emmet Golden-Marx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radio Galaxies ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Extragalactic Jets ◽  
Large Survey ◽  
Kinetic Mode ◽  
Group Environments ◽  
Initial Results ◽  
Quasars And Radio Galaxies

AbstractWe are conducting a large survey of distant clusters of galaxies using radio sources with bent jets and lobes as tracers. These radio sources are driven by AGN and achieve their bent morphologies through interaction with the surrounding gas found in clusters of galaxies. Based on low-redshift studies, these types of sources can be used to identify clusters very efficiently. We present initial results from our survey of 653 bent-double radio sources with optical hosts too faint to appear in the SDSS. The sample was observed in the infrared with Spitzer, and it has revealed ~200 distant clusters or proto-clusters in the redshift range z ~ 0.7 - 3.0. The sample of bent-doubles contains both quasars and radio galaxies enabling us to study both radiative and kinetic mode feedback in cluster and group environments at a wide range of redshifts.

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