scholarly journals A large scale survey of dense cores and molecular outflows in Ophiuchus

1991 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 462-463
Author(s):  
Akira Mizuno ◽  
Satonori Nozawa ◽  
Takahiro Iwata ◽  
Yasuo Fukui
Keyword(s):  
High Velocity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Grid Spacing ◽  
Molecular Outflows ◽  
Dark Clouds ◽  
Dense Cores ◽  
Large Scale Survey

We have been surveying dense molecular cores in Ophiuchus region including ρ Oph, L234, and L43 with the 4m radio telescope at Nagoya University since 1985. We have already mapped ∼18° × 12° area with 2′ or 4′ grid spacing in 13CO (J=1-0) spectra. We have identified ∼50 dense cores (we call ”13CO cores”). Typical mass, density, and size of the 13CO cores are ∼20 M⊙, ∼3 × 103 cm−3, and ∼0.3 pc, respectively (Nozawa et al. 1990). We also surveyed molecular outflows in 12CO (J=1-0) spectra toward 13 IRAS point sources associated with 13CO cores in Ophiuchus. As a result of the survey, we have found 5 molecular outflows in the filamentary dark clouds and 5 regions exhibiting high velocity wings in the ρ Oph main body.

scholarly journals A large scale survey of dense cores and molecular outflows in Ophiuchus

1991 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 462-463
Author(s):  
Akira Mizuno ◽  
Satonori Nozawa ◽  
Takahiro Iwata ◽  
Yasuo Fukui
Keyword(s):  
High Velocity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Grid Spacing ◽  
Molecular Outflows ◽  
Dark Clouds ◽  
Dense Cores ◽  
Large Scale Survey

We have been surveying dense molecular cores in Ophiuchus region including ρ Oph, L234, and L43 with the 4m radio telescope at Nagoya University since 1985. We have already mapped ∼18° × 12° area with 2′ or 4′ grid spacing in 13CO (J=1-0) spectra. We have identified ∼50 dense cores (we call ”13CO cores”). Typical mass, density, and size of the 13CO cores are ∼20 M⊙, ∼3 × 103 cm−3, and ∼0.3 pc, respectively (Nozawa et al. 1990). We also surveyed molecular outflows in 12CO (J=1-0) spectra toward 13 IRAS point sources associated with 13CO cores in Ophiuchus. As a result of the survey, we have found 5 molecular outflows in the filamentary dark clouds and 5 regions exhibiting high velocity wings in the ρ Oph main body.

3D Elastic finite-difference modeling of seismic motion using staggered grids with nonuniform spacing

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Arben Pitarka
Keyword(s):  
Finite Difference ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Staggered Grid ◽  
Uniform Grid ◽  
Grid Spacing ◽  
Nonuniform Grids ◽  
Velocity Models ◽  
Finite Fault

Abstract This article provides a technique to model seismic motions in 3D elastic media using fourth-order staggered-grid finite-difference (FD) operators implemented on a mesh with nonuniform grid spacing. The accuracy of the proposed technique has been tested through comparisons with analytical solutions, conventional 3D staggered-grid FD with uniform grid spacing, and reflectivity methods for a variety of velocity models. Numerical tests with nonuniform grids suggest that the method allows sufficiently accurate modeling when the grid sampling rate is at least 6 grid points per shortest shear wavelength. The applicability for a finite fault with non-uniform distribution of point sources is also confirmed. The use of nonuniform spacing improves the efficiency of the FD methods when applied to large-scale structures by partially avoiding the spatial oversampling introduced by the uniform spacing in zones with high velocity. The significant reduction in computer memory that can be obtained by the new technique improves the efficiency of the 3D-FD method at handling shorter wavelengths, larger areas, or more realistic 3D velocity structures.

scholarly journals Occurrence and Molecular Variability of Kiwifruit Viruses in Actinidia deliciosa ‘Xuxiang’ in the Shaanxi Province of China

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1309-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Wen Yang ◽  
Yuanle Zhang ◽  
Zhanmin Wu ◽  
Qiao-Chun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Multiple Infection ◽  
First Report ◽  
Molecular Variability ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Actinidia Spp ◽  
Main Producer

Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) is an economically substantial fruit crop with China the main producer. China is the primary source of wild kiwifruit and the largest producer of kiwifruit in terms of both production and planting area, and Shaanxi province is the largest kiwifruit producer in China. Previous studies reported presence of kiwifruit viruses in Actinidia chinensis. In this study, six viruses were identified in kiwifruit ‘Xuxiang’ (A. deliciosa) in Shaanxi, China. The incidence, distribution, and genetic diversity of these viruses were studied. The results showed that Actinidia virus A (AcVA), Actinidia virus B (AcVB), Actinidia chlorotic ringspot-associated virus (AcCRaV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), and potato virus X (PVX) were the main viruses infecting Xuxiang kiwifruit in Shaanxi, China. Incidence of the various viruses with both single and multiple infection varied with different kiwifruit-growing counties. For single virus infection, the highest and the lowest numbers of samples infected were about 22 for AcCRaV and 0 for AcVB in Meixian out of 170 samples, 12 for AcVA and 0 for CMV in Zhouzhi out of 120 samples, 10 for AcVA and 0 for AcVB, AcCRaV, ASGV, PVX, and CMV in Yangling out of 70 samples, and 8 for AcCRaV and CMV and 0 for AcVA, AcVB, ASGV, and PVX in Hanzhong out of 80 samples, respectively. Samples which were multiply infected with two or more viruses were also detected. Analysis of the phylogenetic tree of these viruses showed some genetic variability in the AcVA, AcVB, and AcCRaV isolates of Shaanxi kiwifruit. There was no obvious molecular variation in the coat protein genes of ASGV, CMV, and PVX virus isolates from Shaanxi kiwifruit. The present study is the first large-scale survey of kiwifruit viruses in Shaanxi, China. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PVX infecting kiwifruit and the first report of molecular variability of AcVA, AcVB, and AcCRaV. These results provide important data for studying the genetic evolution of AcVA, AcVB, AcCRaV, ASGV, CMV, and PVX.

scholarly journals Interaction between molecular outflows and dense gas in the cluster-forming region OMC-2/FIR4

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (S237) ◽  
pp. 475-475
Author(s):  
Yoshito Shimajiri ◽  
S. Takahashi ◽  
S. Takakuwa ◽  
M. Saito ◽  
R. Kawabe
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
List Type ◽  
Dense Gas ◽  
Continuum Source ◽  
Molecular Outflows ◽  
Molecular Outflow ◽  
Dense Cores ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Molecular Lines

AbstractSince most stars are born as members of clusters (Lada & Lada 2003), it is important to clarified the detailed mechanism of cluster formation for comprehensive understanding of star formation. However, our current understanding of cluster formation is limited due to the followings; (a)Cluster forming regions are located at the far distance.(b)There are complex mixtures of outflows and dense gas in cluster forming regions. So, we focused on the Orion Molecular Cloud 2 region (OMC-2), a famous cluster-forming region (Lada & Lada 2003) and the most nearest GMC. We observed the FIR 4 region with the Nobeyama Millimeter Array(NMA), Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment (ASTE). In this region, there are 3 protostars (FIR3, FIR4, FIR5) which were identified as 1.3 mm dust continuum sources (Chini et al. 1997) and driving sources of mixed outflows, and FIR 4 is the most strongest source of 1.3 mm dust continuum in OMC-2. Molecular lines we adopted are a high density (105cm−3) gas tracer of H13CO+ (J=1-0), a molecular outflow tracer of 12CO(J=1-0) and 12CO(J=3-2), and SiO(J=2-1 v=0) as a tracer of shocks associated with an interaction between outflows and dense gas.From results of the 12CO(J=1-0) outflow, H13CO+ dense gas, and the SiO shock, the outflow from FIR 3 interacts with dense gas in the FIR 4 region. Moreover the Position-Velocity diagram along the major axis of the 12CO(J=3-2) outflow shows that the 12CO(J=1-0) and SiO emission exhibits a L shape (the line widths increase in the interacting region in morphology). This is an evidence of interaction between the outflows and dense gas (Takakuwa et al. 2003). From result of the 3 mm dust continuum, the interacted region by the molecular outflow of FIR 3 is an assemble of seven dense cores. The mass of each core is 0.1-0.8 M. This clumpy structure is evident only at FIR 4 in the entire OMC-2/3 region. There are possible that two cores are in the proto-stellar phase, because 3 mm dust continuum source correspond to NIR source or 3.6 cm f-f jet source. From these results, cores in the FIR 4 region may be potential source of the next-generation stars. In the other words, there is a possibility that the molecular outflow ejected from FIR 3 is triggering the cluster formation in the FIR 4 region.

scholarly journals Estimating CO2 Emissions from Large Scale Coal-Fired Power Plants Using OCO-2 Observations and Emission Inventories

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 811
Author(s):  
Yaqin Hu ◽  
Yusheng Shi
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Gaussian Model ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Emission Inventories ◽  
Bottom Up

The concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) has increased rapidly worldwide, aggravating the global greenhouse effect, and coal-fired power plants are one of the biggest contributors of greenhouse gas emissions in China. However, efficient methods that can quantify CO2 emissions from individual coal-fired power plants with high accuracy are needed. In this study, we estimated the CO2 emissions of large-scale coal-fired power plants using Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) satellite data based on remote sensing inversions and bottom-up methods. First, we mapped the distribution of coal-fired power plants, displaying the total installed capacity, and identified two appropriate targets, the Waigaoqiao and Qinbei power plants in Shanghai and Henan, respectively. Then, an improved Gaussian plume model method was applied for CO2 emission estimations, with input parameters including the geographic coordinates of point sources, wind vectors from the atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate, and OCO-2 observations. The application of the Gaussian model was improved by using wind data with higher temporal and spatial resolutions, employing the physically based unit conversion method, and interpolating OCO-2 observations into different resolutions. Consequently, CO2 emissions were estimated to be 23.06 ± 2.82 (95% CI) Mt/yr using the Gaussian model and 16.28 Mt/yr using the bottom-up method for the Waigaoqiao Power Plant, and 14.58 ± 3.37 (95% CI) and 14.08 Mt/yr for the Qinbei Power Plant, respectively. These estimates were compared with three standard databases for validation: the Carbon Monitoring for Action database, the China coal-fired Power Plant Emissions Database, and the Carbon Brief database. The comparison found that previous emission inventories spanning different time frames might have overestimated the CO2 emissions of one of two Chinese power plants on the two days that the measurements were made. Our study contributes to quantifying CO2 emissions from point sources and helps in advancing satellite-based monitoring techniques of emission sources in the future; this helps in reducing errors due to human intervention in bottom-up statistical methods.

Viability of Azure IoT Hub for Processing High Velocity Large Scale IoT Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wajdi H. Halabi ◽  
Daniel N. Smith ◽  
John C. Hill ◽  
Jason W. Anderson ◽  
Ken E. Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Velocity ◽  
Large Scale

scholarly journals Current advances of epigenetics in periodontology from ENCODE project: a review and future perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Dan Cho ◽  
Woo-Jin Kim ◽  
Hyun-Mo Ryoo ◽  
Hong-Gee Kim ◽  
Kyoung-Hwa Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Encode Project ◽  
Dna Elements ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
Systemic Health

Abstract Background The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project has advanced our knowledge of the functional elements in the genome and epigenome. The aim of this article was to provide the comprehension about current research trends from ENCODE project and establish the link between epigenetics and periodontal diseases based on epigenome studies and seek the future direction. Main body Global epigenome research projects have emphasized the importance of epigenetic research for understanding human health and disease, and current international consortia show an improved interest in the importance of oral health with systemic health. The epigenetic studies in dental field have been mainly conducted in periodontology and have focused on DNA methylation analysis. Advances in sequencing technology have broadened the target for epigenetic studies from specific genes to genome-wide analyses. Conclusions In line with global research trends, further extended and advanced epigenetic studies would provide crucial information for the realization of comprehensive dental medicine and expand the scope of ongoing large-scale research projects.

scholarly journals Ethnomedical uses, chemical constituents, and evidence-based pharmacological properties of Chenopodium ambrosioides L.: extensive overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Félicien Mushagalusa Kasali ◽  
Jonans Tusiimire ◽  
Justin Ntokamunda Kadima ◽  
Amon Ganafa Agaba
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
Chenopodium Ambrosioides ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Uses ◽  
Significant Health

Abstract Background The Chenopodium genus is a plant family widely spread worldwide that includes various plant species reputed to possess several medicinal virtues in folk medicines. Chenopodium ambrosioides L. is among the most used plants in traditional medicines worldwide. This review aimed to highlight ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical status, and pharmacological properties of C. ambrosioides L. Main body of the abstract The analysis of relevant data highlights various ethnomedicinal uses against human and veterinary diseases in forty countries. Most indications consisted of gastrointestinal tract dysfunctioning troubles and worms parasitemia. Around 330 chemical compounds have been identified in different plant parts, especially in its essential oil fractions (59.84%). However, only a few compounds—mainly monoterpenes and glycosides—have been isolated and characterized. Experimental pharmacological studies validated a large scale of significant health benefits. It appeared that many monoterpenes are antioxidant, insecticidal, trypanocidal, analgesic, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, acaricidal, amoebicidal, anthelmintic, anticancer, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, antifertility, antifungal, anti-leishmanial, antimalarial, antipyretic, antisickling, antischistosomal, antiulcer, anxiolytic, immunomodulatory, molluscicidal, and vasorelaxant agents. Short conclusion Thus, the Chenopodium ambrosioides species necessitates further chemical studies to isolate and characterize new bioactive secondary metabolites and pharmacological investigations to precise the mechanisms of action before clinical trials.

scholarly journals Correcting Citizens’ Misperceptions about non-Western Immigrants: Corrective Information, Interpretations, and Policy Opinions

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederik Juhl Jørgensen ◽  
Mathias Osmundsen
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Correct Information ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Information Change ◽  
Corrective Information

Abstract Can corrective information change citizens’ misperceptions about immigrants and subsequently lead to favorable immigration opinions? While prior studies from the USA document how corrections about the size of minority populations fail to change citizens’ immigration-related opinions, they do not examine how other facts that speak to immigrants’ cultural or economic dependency rates can influence immigration policy opinions. To extend earlier work, we conducted a large-scale survey experiment fielded to a nationally representative sample of Danes. We randomly expose participants to information about non-Western immigrants’ (1) welfare dependency rate, (2) crime rate, and (3) proportion of the total population. We find that participants update their factual beliefs in light of correct information, but reinterpret the information in a highly selective fashion, ultimately failing to change their policy preferences.

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