Comparison of reproductive responses after PGF2α and GnRH-PGF2α oestrous synchronisation schemes in Holstein cows

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-470
Author(s):  
J.F. Cox ◽  
F. Saravia ◽  
O. Torrealba ◽  
A. Zavala ◽  
A. Lobos
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Detection Efficiency ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Reproductive Response ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Breeding Schemes ◽  
Friesian Cows

AbstractControlled breeding schemes for oestrous detection constitutes a proactive technical response that balances the infrastructural requirement for a profitable dairy operation and the demands for optimal animal performance. The present study compared (a) the reproductive response of a treatment based on a short vs longer-acting PGF2α analogue (tiaprost vs luprostiol), and (b) the reproductive response after a treatment of GnRH-PGF2α vs PGF2α alone for synchronizing dairy cows. Holstein-Friesian cows averaging 9000 kg milk/lactation and fed according to their requirements were used in the study. Cows were cyclic, at least 60 days post partum and were clinically sound before being considered for the experiments. In Experiment 1, animals were synchronised using an i.m. injection of either 15 mg of luprostiol or 0.75 mg of tiaprost, based on ultrasonic diagnosis of a corpus luteum. Animals were inseminated at observed oestrus. In Experiment 2, cows were synchronised, at random, by either an injection of 10pg ofbuserelin (day 0) followed by 0.75 mg of tiaprost at day 7 (GnRH-PGF2α) orjust 0.75 mg of tiaprost (PGF2α). For both treatments only cows with an ultrasonically detected corpus luteum were treated. Animals were inseminated at oestrus. At the time of treatment and again 3 days later, milk samples were collected and assayed for progesterone by RIA. Cows with progesterone concentrations >1 ng/ml were considered to have corpus luteum. Luteolysis was considered to have occurred when concentrations of progesterone were > 1 ng/ml at day 0 and <0.8 ng/ml at day 3. In Experiment 1, both analogues gave similar results in terms of induced luteolysis [luprostiol: 36/39 (92.3%) vs tiaprost: 36/41 (87.8%)], oestrous detection efficiency [luprostiol: 26/36 (72.2%) vs tiaprost: 30/36 (83.3%], oestrous distribution [day 2, 3 and 4, respectively: luprostiol: 26.9%, 50.0%, 19.2% vs tiaprost: 36.7%, 50.0%, 13.3%], and conception rates [luprostiol: 12/25 (48.0%) vs tiaprost: 14/28 (50.0%); P>0.05]. In Experiment 2, oestrous detection efficiency, interval to oestrus and conception rate were similar between treatments [97/149 (65.1%), 71.1 h, 43/95 (45.3%) for PGF2α vs 130/188 (69.1%), 68.2h, 65/126 (51.6%) for GnRH-PGF2α, respectively]. However the oestrous distribution was more concentrated in GnRH-PGF2α treated animals (P<0.01).

The effects of raising post-oestrus progesterone concentrations on luteal activity in post-partum dairy cows

1999 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Darwash ◽  
G. L. Ward ◽  
G. E. Lamming ◽  
J. A. Woolliams
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Phase Length ◽  
Friesian Cows

AbstractIn order to investigate the rationale of manipulating post-ovulation progesterone (P4) concentrations, luteal activity was measured in 10 Holstein-Friesian cows treated with a progesterone-releasing device (CIDR, 1·9 g P4) inserted on the morning of day 2 post-oestrus for a period of 7 days and compared with 10 untreated control animals. Milk samples were collected daily during afternoon milking from 7 days pre- to 24 days post-oestrus and P4 concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay (ELISA). The milk P4 profiles were used to assess the effects of early post-oestrus P4 elevation on five intervals of the luteal phase. In the treated (T) and control (C) animals, the mean interval from oestrus to P4 rise (≥3 μg/l), was 2·38 (s.e. 0·18) and 4·90 (s.e. 0·28) days, respectively, (P < 0·01). The mean interval from oestrus to the attainment of peak P4 concentrations was not significantly different (P > 0·05) between the T (14·75 (s.e. 1-62) days) and С (14·30 (s.e. 0·70) days) animals, with cows in the T group showing a more variable (F7 9 = 4-30, P < 0·05) interval to the occurrence of the peak. The interval from peak P4 to corpus luteum (CL) regression (when P4 fell below ≥3 μg/l) was not significantly different between the T (4·13 (s.e. 1·30 days) and С (5·60 (s.e. 0·88) days) groups. Furthermore, CIDR insertion did not alter luteal phase length, number of days with P4 concentrations ≥3 μg/l (T = 16·50 (s.e. 0·80) v.C = 15·00 (s.e. 0·47) days) or the interval from oestrus to CL regression (T = 18·88 (s.e. 0·79) v.C = 19·90 (s.e. 0·41) days). We conclude that treatment with CIDR 2 days after oestrus successfully increased the availability of P4 to cows without significantly affecting luteal phase characteristics.

scholarly journals Influence of GnRH-gonadoreline and prostaglandine F2α-dinoprost application on reproduction parameter values in dairy cows with puerperal endometritis

2009 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 269-283
Author(s):  
Mustafa Sabanovic ◽  
Nevres Paprikic ◽  
Ahmet Suljkanovic ◽  
Jako Miljas ◽  
Miodrag Lazarevic
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Hormonal Treatment ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Friesian Cows

This paper presents results of investigations of gonadoreline application (14-16, 17-20 and 21-25 days post partum) influence, followed by prostaglanin F2 ? ten days later, on the reproductive parameters of dairy cows with difficult calving and endometritis. The study was carried out on a total of 92 Holstein-Friesian cows. Fifty of them treated with hormones, while 42 animals served as controls, receiving placebo injections. Analysis of the results in cows with postpartal endometrits revealed that mean anoestrus period, open days period and intervals between calving were significantly lower in cows that underwent hormonal treatment, when compared to the controls. The period from gonadoreline application, followed by prostaglandin injection, to conception was shorter by 44, 28 and 14 days respectively when compared to the control groups. The total conception rate from the first three artificial inseminations was higher in the experimental groups in comparison to the controls. .

Field assessment of GnRH-PGF2α oestrous synchronisation in confined Holstein cows

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-466
Author(s):  
J.F. Cox ◽  
F. Saravia ◽  
O. Torrealba ◽  
A. Zavala ◽  
A. Lobos
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Subsequent Fertility ◽  
Artificial Breeding ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Friesian Cows

AbstractThe present study determined the effect of a GnRH and PGF2α treatment on proportion of cows detected in oestrus, the distribution of oestrous activity and subsequent fertility. The study also incorporated the use of ovarian ultrasound and milk progesterone assay to established a better overall assessment of treatments. Holstein-Friesian cows, averaging 9000-kg milk/lactation, and fed according to their requirements were used in the study. Cows were regularly cyclic; at least 60 days postpartum, had had two oestrous cycles and were clinically sound before being considered for either experiment. In Experiment 1, 274 cows were treated at random with an i.m. injection of 10 μg of GnRH (buserelin) followed 7 days later by 0.75 mg oftiaprost based on the ultrasound diagnosis of a corpus luteum. At that time and 3 days later, milk samples were collected and assayed for progesterone. Cows with progesterone concentrations >1 ng/ml were considered to have a corpus luteum, and luteolysis was assumed to have occurred when concentrations 3 days later were <0.8 ng/ml. In Experiment 2, 1431 cows were treated as above. The response to treatment was assessed by presence of a corpus luteum 7 d after GnRH treatment, oestrous detection rate, and distribution of heats and ultimately on conception rate. Conception rate was compared to untreated control cows inseminated by the same inseminator and using semen from the same sires. Artificial breeding was carried out after oestrous detection and pregnancy diagnosis was done by ultrasound. In Experiment 1, luteolysis was induced in 244/274 (89.1%) cows following PGF2α administration, with 198/214 (92.5%) been diagnosed correctly in heat and 16/214 (7.5%) been diagnosed in error based on progesterone profiles. Oestrous activity was most concentrated on day 3 (59.1%), with 20.7% and 16.7% of heats recorded on d 2 and d 4, respectively. When compared to untreated controls, GnRH-PGF2α treated cows had a better conception rate (56.6 vs. 39.5%, P<0.01). In Experiment 2, 1012/1431 (70.7%) had a CL 7 days after GnRH injection; 709/1012 (70.1%) cows were detected in oestrus, and 359/700 (51.3%) cows became pregnant after insemination compared to 182/434 (41.9%) of untreated controls (P<0.05). The utilisation of GnRH and PGF2α seems to be a useful synchronisation scheme based on AI after oestrous detection. However, variations in fertility after treatment demands a better understanding offactors affecting herd fertility under controlled schemes.

A protocol for initiating oestrus and ovulation earlypost partumin dairy cows

2001 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Darwash ◽  
G. E. Lamming ◽  
M. D. Royal
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Prostaglandin F ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Friesian Cows

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) and progesterone (P4) treatment in initiating oestrus and ovulation post partum (PP) in Holstein-Friesian cows. Using four herds, the treatment protocol consisted of a single intra-muscular injection of PGF2α(Estrumate) between days 12 to 14 PP followed 48 h later by progesterone treatment via intra-vaginal CIDR insertion for a period of 7 days. Milk samples for progesterone determination were collected three times weekly from 7 to 65 days PP. The ovarian activity and reproductive performance of treated (T, no. = 153) animals and untreated control cows (C, no. = 315) were compared. Treatment was effective (P< 0·001) in reducing the mean interval to PP commencement of luteal activity from 29·62 (s.e. 0·82) days to 22·09 (s.e. 0·70) days. The mean interval to first PP oestrus in the T animals was significantly reduced (P< 0·001) from 55·62 (s.e. 1·58) days to 44·91 (s.e. 1·44) days and the incidence of silent ovulation in cycles between days 21 to 65 PP was reduced (P< 0·001) from 56·28% to 42·27%. In two herds under one management regime and with a similar block-calving pattern (no. = 280 animals), the treatment protocol was beneficial to the overall reproductive performance as there was a significant shortening in the mean interval to first PP service (75·82 (s.e. 1·93) v. 80·86 (s.e. 1·32) days) and in the interval to PP conception (83·07 (s.e. 2·49) v. 88·90 (s.e. 1·95) days), bothP< 0·05.

A note on the estimation of the body fat, protein and energy content of lactating Holstein-Friesian cows by measurement of condition score and live weight

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Gibb ◽  
W. E. Ivings
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Subjective Condition ◽  
Friesian Cows

The relationships between body composition, live weight (LW) and subjective condition score (CS) were examined in an experiment in which 54, second to fourth parity, lactating autumn-calving Holstein-Friesian dairy cows were slaughtered at 0, 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 19, 24 and 29 weeks post partum. Multiple regression analyses showed the weight of fat and the quantity of energy within the body were significantly correlated with both LW and CS. The weight of crude protein showed a linear correlation with LW. These results are discussed and compared with previously published investigations with non-lactating dairy cows.

Influence of early post partum ovulation on the re-establishment of pregnancy in multiparous and primiparous dairy cattle

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. A. Smith ◽  
J. M. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Luteal Function ◽  
Fertility Treatments ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Subsequent Fertility ◽  
Holstein Friesian

To investigate the influence of early ovulation after calving on subsequent fertility, milk progesterone concentrations were monitored twice weekly in multiparous (n = 87) and primiparous (n = 60) Holstein/Friesian dairy cattle. Luteal activity before 21 days post partum was defined as ‘early’. In multiparous cows, calving-to-conception interval (CCI) was longer, services per cow were more numerous and conception rate to all inseminations was lower with early luteal activity (n = 41, 16·8±0·39 days post partum) than with later luteal activity (n = 46, 37·8±2·09 days post partum); multiparous cows with early luteal activity required more exogenous fertility treatments and were more likely to fail to conceive by 100 days post partum. In contrast, in primiparous cows, no significant relationships were detected between early (n = 32) or later (n = 28) luteal activity and the CCI, number of services per cow or conception rates to all inseminations. However, primiparous cows that ovulated before 21 days post partum had fewer normal progesterone profiles. Early ovulation after calving was associated with reduced pregnancy rates and prolonged CCIs in multiparous but not in primiparous dairy cows. Extra keyword: luteal function.

The effect of treatment with a gonadotrophin releasing hormone on the fertility of dairy cows

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 171-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Drew ◽  
A.R. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Friesian Cows

Work in New Zealand has suggested that treatment of dairy cows with buserelin an analogue of GnRH between days 11 and 13 after insemination can increase pregnancy rate by reducing embryo loss (MacMillan, Taufa and Day, 1986). This effect is probably mediated via a luteoprotective mechanism (MacMillan, Thatcher & Drost 1989; Thatcher, MacMillan, Hansen & Drost, 1989). The present study was carried out to attempt to confirm this effect of buserelin under UK conditions.A total of 660 Holstein/Friesian cows on 10 commercial dairy farms were used. The cows were paired according to date, of previous calving and allocated at random to control or treated group on the day of service. Only cows in the parity range 1-5 with no obvious reproductive disorders were used. Bulls and inseminators were used on the same number of cows in each group. Milk samples were taken on the day of service for progesterone assay. Cows not in oestrus were removed from the study. Cows in treated groups were given an intramuscular injection of 10 ug buserelin [2.5 ml Receptal, Hoechst] 12 days after first insemination. Cows not observed to return to oestrus before Day 24 were re-sampled for progesterone assay. Pregnancy was confirned by palpation or ultrasonic scanning at six weeks.

scholarly journals Flow Cytometric Assessment of the Viability and Functionality of Uterine Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes in Postpartum Dairy Cows

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1081
Author(s):  
Leen Lietaer ◽  
Kristel Demeyere ◽  
Stijn Heirbaut ◽  
Evelyne Meyer ◽  
Geert Opsomer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Uterine Health ◽  
Intracellular Proteolysis ◽  
Friesian Cows

Postpartum dairy cows experience impaired peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) functionality, which has been associated with reproductive tract inflammatory diseases. However, it has not been elucidated yet whether endometrial PMN functionality is (equally) impaired. We developed a method for endometrial PMN isolation and flow cytometric assessment of their viability and functionality. We also evaluated PMN immunolabeling, using a specific bovine granulocyte marker, CH138A. Blood and endometrial cytobrush samples were collected in duplicate from seventeen clinically healthy Holstein-Friesian cows between 9 and 37 days in milk. The proportion of viable, apoptotic, and necrotic PMN in endometrial samples roughly ranged from 10 to 80%, indicating highly dynamic endometrial PMN populations in the postpartum uteri. Endometrial PMN functionality testing revealed that PMN immunolabeling increased the accuracy, although this protocol might influence the median fluorescence intensity of the sample. Phagocytosis seemed the most stable and reliable endometrial PMN function and could be assessed satisfactorily without prior CH138A immunolabeling. However, the interpretation of oxidative burst and intracellular proteolysis tests remains challenging. The correlation between peripheral and endometrial PMN functionality was poor. Further research is warranted to unravel the role of uterine PMN viability and functionality in bovine uterine health.

Acidogenicity of feeds for dairy cows. 2. Production responses

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 206-206
Author(s):  
R.J. Dewhurst ◽  
D. Wadhwa ◽  
L.P. Borgida ◽  
D.W.R. Davies ◽  
W.J. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Latin Squares ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Falling prices for cereals and beneficial effects on milk protein concentrations may promote greater inclusions of rapidly fermented ingredients in dairy rations. There is, however, a limit to the inclusion of these feeds into dairy rations beyond which performance declines due to sub-acidosis and related disorders. The feed compounder will need to be able to set limits on levels of feeding concentrates according to these risks. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of feeds of different acidogenicity (Wadhwa et al., 1998) on lactation performance of dairy cows offered diets based on grass- or maize-silage.Twelve multiparous Holstein-Friesian cows in the third month of lactation were used for this experiment. The experimental design involved adaptation and covariance recording on a standard diet (grass silage and 10 kg concentrates per day), followed by three 21-day experimental periods arranged as four 3x3 Latin Squares. The Latin Squares were constrained to a single forage to avoid difficulties in changeovers between grass silage and maize silage.

Matching grass supply to grazing patterns for dairy cows under strip-grazing management

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 49-49
Author(s):  
R.J. Orr ◽  
S.M. Rutter ◽  
P.D. Penning ◽  
N.H. Yarrow ◽  
L.D. Atkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Grazed Pasture ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Water Soluble Carbohydrate ◽  
Strip Grazing ◽  
Friesian Cows

Grazed herbage is the cheapest feed available for dairy cows but total intake of nutrients from grazed pasture alone is generally insufficient to allow high yielding dairy cows to reach their production potential. Cows have their main daily meal following afternoon milking in the period up to sunset (e.g. Rook et al., 1994 ). In addition, both the DM content and water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentration of grass increase over the day (e.g. Orr et al., 1997) due to the loss of moisture and the accumulation of the products of photosynthesis. Based on this evidence, this study tested the hypothesis that dairy cows receiving strip-grazing allocations following the afternoon rather than the morning milking would show higher intake rates and consequently higher milk yields.Twenty Holstein-Friesian cows (median calving date 10 February 1997) were each supplemented with 4 kg concentrates day-1 and strip-grazed a perennial ryegrass pasture in four groups of 5 cows.

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