Regaining high health status of UK pig herds: Can it be done? How can it be done?

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
D.J. Chennells
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Swine Dysentery ◽  
Enzootic Pneumonia ◽  
Brachyspira Hyodysenteriae ◽  
Breeding Stock ◽  
Health Control ◽  
Control Association ◽  
Pig Health

Until the 1990s, defining and maintaining a High Health (HH) Status was relatively straightforward. Organisations such as the Pig Health Control Association were able to define and identify certain diseases such as Enzootic Pneumonia (EP), (Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae) or Swine Dysentery (SD) (Brachyspira hyodysenteriae,) and then establish, by hysterectomy or medicated early weaning (MEW), “clean” units which became the Nucleus units of the breeding companies. These produced “clean” pigs to populate Multiplication units that eventually passed on HH breeding stock to commercial customers. Relatively straightforward laboratory and abattoir monitoring could give reasonable, repeatable assurance to customers. Good biosecurity maintained this HH status and many HH commercial units were established by destocking, cleaning, and restocking with HH pigs from these breeding companies. Then the wheels started to fall off!

scholarly journals Detection of Swine Dysentery (SD) caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae via PCR in Northern Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1109-1116
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Thu Hang ◽  
Truong Quang Lam ◽  
Dao Le Anh ◽  
Nguyen Thi Hoa ◽  
Nguyen Thi Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
Swine Dysentery ◽  
Brachyspira Hyodysenteriae ◽  
Northern Vietnam ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Weaning Pigs

This study aimed to diagnose swine dysentery (SD) caused by Brachyspira hyodysenteriae in pigs by the PCR method in Vietnam. Of the 250 samples, 29 isolates of B. hyodysenteriae (11.60%) were identified by PCR in seven provinces of Northern Vietnam, and the infection rate differed from region to region. From the positive cases of B. hyodysenteriae, we analyzed B. hyodysenteriae infected cases according to the ages of the pigs, farm sizes, and veterinary hygiene practices to get more information about the disease in Vietnam. The results showed that the positive B. hyodysenteriae samples were commonly seen in post-weaning pigs (32.14%) in households (20.73%) with poor hygiene (24.69%). Clinical signs of SD included high fever (100%); anorexia (100%); watery, bloody diarrhea, usually gray to brown in color (100%); and weight loss (86.42%). Gross lesions of SD were limited to the large intestine were described as having a fibrinous, blood-flecked membrane covering the mucosa (93.75%), swollen with hemorrhaged colon and cecum (75.00%), and mesenteric lymph nodes (81.25%).

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Type Strain B-78 (ATCC 27164)

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandita S. Mirajkar ◽  
Timothy J. Johnson ◽  
Connie J. Gebhart
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Etiological Agent ◽  
Swine Dysentery ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Brachyspira Hyodysenteriae ◽  
Protein Coding Genes ◽  
Rna Genes

Reported herein is the complete genome sequence of the type strain B-78 (ATCC 27164) of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae , the etiological agent of swine dysentery. The 3.1-Mb genome consists of a 3.056-Mb chromosome and a 45-kb plasmid, with 2,617 protein-coding genes, 39 RNA genes, and 40 pseudogenes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of a water soluble formulation of tylvalosin in the control of enzootic pneumonia associated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida in pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Lopez Rodriguez ◽  
Anna Catharina Berge ◽  
Cliff Ramage ◽  
Ryan Saltzman ◽  
Rickie J. Domangue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Lung Lesion ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Enzootic Pneumonia ◽  
Challenge Study ◽  
Lower Lung ◽  
Clinical Cases

Abstract Background The efficacy of a water soluble formulation of tylvalosin (Aivlosin® 625 mg/g granules) was evaluated in the treatment and metaphylaxis of Enzootic Pneumonia (EP) in pigs. In all four trials, pigs in the tylvalosin group were administered 10 mg tylvalosin/kg bodyweight in drinking water daily for 5 consecutive days (TVN). In a single-challenge study, pigs were inoculated with lung homogenate containing Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. In a dual challenge study, pigs were sequentially inoculated with pure culture of M. hyopneumoniae and Pasteurella multocida. Efficacy was evaluated based on reduction of lung lesions compared to unmedicated control pigs (CTL). In two field studies at European commercial farms with confirmed outbreaks of EP, treatment efficacy in clinically affected fatteners was evaluated based on improved clinical conditions compared to pigs treated with tylosin at 10 mg/kg by injection for 3 consecutive days (TYL). In these field trials, healthy in contact pigs were enrolled for metaphylaxis efficacy evaluation based on reduction in incidence of new clinical cases of respiratory disease compared to unmedicated pigs (CTL). Results In the M. hyopneumoniae-only challenge study, pigs in TVN group had lower lung lesion scores than CTL (6.52 vs. 14.97; p <  0.001). In the dual challenge study with M. hyopneumoniae and P. multocida, pigs in TVN group had lower lung lesion scores than CTL (3.32 vs. 8.37; p <  0.01) and the recovery of both challenge bacteria from the lungs was lower in TVN compared with CTL group (p <  0.01). In field outbreaks of EP, multicentre analysis showed that 13 days after the start of medication, treatment success for TVN pigs was significantly better than for TYL pigs (80.0% vs 48.7% p = 0.03) and metaphylactic administration of TVN significantly reduced the incidence of new clinical cases (2.1% vs. 7.8%; p <  0.01) compared with unmedicated controls. Conclusions Tylvalosin at 10 mg/kg daily for 5 days in drinking water was safe and effective in the treatment and metaphylaxis of EP in pigs associated with infections of M. hyopneumoniae either alone or in combination with P. multocida under both experimental challenge and field natural infection conditions.

scholarly journals The Levels of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Binding to Porcine Colonic Mucins Differ between Individuals, and Binding Is Increased to Mucins from Infected Pigs withDe NovoMUC5AC Synthesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1610-1619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Macarena P. Quintana-Hayashi ◽  
Maxime Mahu ◽  
Nele De Pauw ◽  
Filip Boyen ◽  
Frank Pasmans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Density Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Swine Dysentery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brachyspira Hyodysenteriae ◽  
Main Component ◽  
And Control

Brachyspira hyodysenteriaecolonizes the pig colon, resulting in mucohemorrhagic diarrhea and growth retardation. Fecal mucus is a characteristic feature of swine dysentery; therefore, we investigated how the mucin environment changes in the colon during infection withB. hyodysenteriaeand how these changes affect this bacterium's interaction with mucins. We isolated and characterized mucins, the main component of mucus, from the colon of experimentally inoculated and control pigs and investigatedB. hyodysenteriaebinding to these mucins. Fluorescence microscopy revealed a massive mucus induction and disorganized mucus structure in the colon of pigs with swine dysentery. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and antibody detection demonstrated that the mucus composition of pigs with swine dysentery was characterized byde novoexpression of MUC5AC and increased expression of MUC2 in the colon. Mucins from the colon of inoculated and control pigs were isolated by two steps of isopycnic density gradient centrifugation. The mucin densities of control and inoculated pigs were similar, whereas the mucin quantity was 5-fold higher during infection. The level ofB. hyodysenteriaebinding to mucins differed between pigs, and there was increased binding to soluble mucins isolated from pigs with swine dysentery. The ability ofB. hyodysenteriaeto bind, measured in relation to the total mucin contents of mucus in sick versus healthy pigs, increased 7-fold during infection. Together, the results indicate thatB. hyodysenteriaebinds to carbohydrate structures on the mucins as these differ between individuals. Furthermore,B. hyodysenteriaeinfection induces changes to the mucus niche which substantially increase the amount ofB. hyodysenteriaebinding sites in the mucus.

The Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae plasma membrane as a vaccine against porcine enzootic pneumonia

1987 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kobisch ◽  
L. Quillien ◽  
J.P. Tillon ◽  
H. Wróblewski
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae ◽  
Enzootic Pneumonia

scholarly journals Complete Circular Genome Sequences of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae Isolates of the Four Different Sequence Types Causing Swine Dysentery in Switzerland

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (39) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana B. García-Martín ◽  
Sarah Schmitt ◽  
Friederike Zeeh ◽  
Vincent Perreten
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Hybrid Assembly ◽  
Swine Dysentery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brachyspira Hyodysenteriae ◽  
Oxford Nanopore ◽  
Sequencing Platforms ◽  
Sequence Types ◽  
Oxford Nanopore Technologies

The complete genomes of four Brachyspira hyodysenteriae isolates of the four different sequence types (STs) (ST6, ST66, ST196, and ST197) causing swine dysentery in Switzerland were generated by whole-genome sequencing and de novo hybrid assembly of reads obtained from second (Illumina) and third (Oxford Nanopore Technologies and Pacific Biosciences) high-throughput sequencing platforms.

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