scholarly journals HOSPITAL MANAGERS’ NEED FOR INFORMATION ON HEALTH TECHNOLOGY INVESTMENTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 414-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Mette Ølholm ◽  
Kristian Kidholm ◽  
Mette Birk-Olsen ◽  
Janne Buck Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Core Model ◽  
Informational Needs ◽  
The Core ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Assessment Of Evidence

Objectives: There is growing interest in implementing hospital-based health technology assessment (HB-HTA) as a tool to facilitate decision making based on a systematic and multidisciplinary assessment of evidence. However, the decision-making process, including the informational needs of hospital decision makers, is not well described. The objective was to review empirical studies analysing the information that hospital decision makers need when deciding about health technology (HT) investments.Methods: A systematic review of empirical studies published in English or Danish from 2000 to 2012 was carried out. The literature was assessed by two reviewers working independently. The identified informational needs were assessed with regard to their agreement with the nine domains of EUnetHTA's Core Model.Results: A total of 2,689 articles were identified and assessed. The review process resulted in 14 relevant studies containing 74 types of information that hospital decision makers found relevant. In addition to information covered by the Core Model, other types of information dealing with political and strategic aspects were identified. The most frequently mentioned types of information in the literature related to clinical, economic and political/strategic aspects. Legal, social, and ethical aspects were seldom considered most important.Conclusions: Hospital decision makers are able to describe their information needs when deciding on HT investments. The different types of information were not of equal importance to hospital decision makers, however, and full agreement between EUnetHTA's Core Model and the hospital decision-makers’ informational needs was not observed. They also need information on political and strategic aspects not covered by the Core Model.

scholarly journals Exploring Factors Affecting the Emergency Specialists’ Decision-Making in Case of Emergencies in Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbasali Ebrahimian ◽  
Seyed-Hossein Hashemi-Amrei ◽  
Mohammadreza Monesan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
The Core ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Emergency Decision

Introduction. Appropriate decision-making is essential in emergency situations; however, little information is available on how emergency decision-makers decide on the emergency status of the patients shifted to the emergency department of the hospital. This study aimed at explaining the factors that influence the emergency specialists’ decision-making in case of emergency conditions in patients. Methods. This study was carried out with a qualitative content analysis approach. The participants were selected based on purposive sampling by the emergency specialists. The data were collected through semistructured interviews and were analyzed using the method proposed by Graneheim and Lundman. Results. The core theme of the study was “efforts to perceive the acute health threats of the patient.” This theme was derived from the main classes, including “the identification of the acute threats based on the patient’s condition” and “the identification of the acute threats based on peripheral conditions.” Conclusions. The conditions governing the decision-making process about patients in the emergency department differ from the conditions in other health-care departments at hospitals. Emergency specialists may have several approaches to decide about the patients’ emergency conditions. Therefore, notably, the emergency specialists’ working conditions and the others’ expectations from these specialists should be considered.

Technology Imperative in Managerial Decision-Making

2014 ◽  
pp. 158-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neeta Baporikar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Managerial Decision Making ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Core ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Virtual Setting

Decisions can make or mar an organization. Decision-making is a multifaceted and intricate process. This process becomes even more complicated and complex when it comes to organizations, especially in this competitive world. Today, decisions are made not only under uncertainty, with available and/or limited information, but may also be made in a virtual setting. Decision makers may not be engaged in face-to-face deliberations. Hence, understanding the challenges, complexity, and rewards of the use of technology, especially information technology in managerial decision-making, is important. Such an understanding is not only vital in determining the efficacy of managers and their organizations, but also significant in designing future management approaches and organizations. This is the core objective of this chapter.

scholarly journals Timely, consistent, transparent assessment of market access evidence: implementing tools based on the HTA Core Model® in a pharmaceutical company

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Ducournau ◽  
Cornelia Irl ◽  
Iain Tatt ◽  
Mary McCarvil ◽  
Marlene Gyldmark
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Company ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Core Model ◽  
Development Teams ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Assessment Of Evidence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Evidence Generation

AbstractObjectivesEvidence requirements and assessment methods access differ between health technology assessment (HTA) agencies. The HTA Core Model® provides a standardized approach to HTA, targeting evidence sharing and collaboration between participating HTA bodies. It is fit for purpose from an industry perspective and was used by pharmaceutical company Roche to develop a framework for internal assessment of evidence required for market access and coverage/reimbursement (“access evidence”).MethodsTools were developed to systematically scope, assess, plan, and summarize access evidence generation. The tools were based mainly on the first four HTA Core Model® domains and rolled-out in selected development teams in 2017. Five months after full implementation, the impact of tools was assessed in an internal survey.ResultsSystematic access evidence generation started with the Access Evidence Questionnaire, to scope evidence requirements and identify evidence gaps. Findings were summarized in the Access Evidence Metric, which assessed the alignment of available/planned evidence against HTA bodies’ requirements and developed scope mitigation strategies. The Access Evidence Plan was then used to plan and document (additional) evidence generation. Once generated, evidence was summarized in the Access Evidence Dossier. A survey of twenty-seven Roche employees involved in evidence generation showed that the tools made discussions around access strategies and evidence more efficient and transparent.ConclusionsThe HTA Core Model® provided a useful framework around which to optimize internal evidence generation and assessment. The benefits of using a standardized HTA approach in industry mirror those expected from implementing the HTA Core Model® in HTA agencies.

Activity-Based Methodology for Development and Analysis of Integrated DoD Architectures

2007 ◽  
pp. 85-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ring
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
The Core ◽  
Analysis Strategies ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Integrated Architecture ◽  
Architecture Development ◽  
Support Decision Making

This chapter describes the activity-based methodology (ABM), an efficient and effective approach to-ward development and analysis of DoD integrated architectures that will enable them to align with and fully support decision-making processes and mission outcomes. ABM consists of a tool-independent disciplined approach to developing fully integrated, unambiguous, and consistent DODAF Operational, System, and Technical views in supporting both “as-is” architectures (where all current elements are known) and “to-be” architectures (where not all future elements are known). ABM enables architects to concentrate on the Art and Science of architectures—that is identifying core architecture elements, their views, how they are related together, and the resulting analysis used for decision-making purposes. ABM delivers significant architecture development productivity and quality gains by generating several DoDAF products and their elements from the core architecture elements. ABM facilitates the transition from integrated “static” architectures to executable “dynamic” process models for time-dependent assessments of complex operations and resource usage. Workflow steps for creating integrated architecture are detailed. Numerous architecture analysis strategies are presented that show the value of integrated architectures to decision makers and mission outcomes.

Developing Management Systems for Statewide Transportation Planning: Early Lessons

1996 ◽  
Vol 1552 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Kish ◽  
Michael D. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Implementation Strategy ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Department Of Transportation ◽  
Transportation Management ◽  
Organizational Planning ◽  
Decision Making Processes

The implementation of two management systems, the intermodal and public transportation management systems, in the Georgia Department of Transportation is examined. Early experience with this implementation suggests that key elements of an implementation strategy are characteristic of success in such an organizational environment. These include establishing organizational responsibilities, establishing guidance principles, assessing the organizational planning and decision-making processes, assessing the environmental context for the management system, establishing an implementation strategy that has tangible intermediate results, and identifying an agency “champion” for implementation. The challenge of implementing management systems within any organization is understanding the decision-making process and the information needs of the agency decision makers.

ASSESSING VALUE, BUDGET IMPACT, AND AFFORDABILITY IN ASIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-322
Author(s):  
Grace Hampson ◽  
Chris Henshall ◽  
Adrian Towse
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Budget Impact ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Policy Forum

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore definitions of value and the use of budget impact and affordability considerations in health technology assessment (HTA) in the Asia region, particularly in relation to high cost technologies.Methods: Issues were debated by senior representatives from HTA and payer systems in Asian countries, delegates from industry, and invited experts at the 2016 meeting of the HTAi Asia Policy Forum (HAPF). A premeeting survey was used to gather data on how value is assessed and budget impact calculations are used within current processes, as well as current approaches to managing affordability.Results: All systems consider health benefit to be the key component of value. There is little consensus around “wider” elements of value that should be included. All systems use budget impact in decision making, although meeting attendees noted the challenges in making accurate estimates. The most common strategies used to address affordability concerns to date have been: restricting coverage, for example, to patients who are likely to get the highest value; discounts; and revenue caps. It was noted that these “solutions” may have unintended consequences of creating inequitable access to therapies and failing to provide adequate rewards for innovation.Conclusions: Decision makers, HTA agencies, and industry need to continue to work together to find mutually agreeable solutions to ensure that patients continue to get equitable access to effective therapies at costs that can be afforded throughout the Asia region.

LOCAL HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN CANADA: CURRENT STATE AND NEXT STEPS

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Martin ◽  
Julie Polisena ◽  
Nandini Dendukuri ◽  
Marc Rhainds ◽  
Laura Sampietro-Colom
Keyword(s):  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Local Evidence ◽  
Assessment Of Evidence

Objectives: Canada has witnessed expansion of the health technology assessment (HTA) infrastructure in the last 25 years. Local HTA entities at the hospital or regional level are emerging to assist decision makers in the acquisition, implementation, maintenance, and disinvestment of healthcare technologies. There is a need to facilitate collaboration and exchange of expertise and knowledge between these entities regarding the role of local HTA in Canada.Methods: In November 2013, the pan-Canadian Collaborative hosted a symposium, Hospital/Regional HTA: Local Evidence-based Decisions for Health Care Sustainability, bringing together over 60 HTA producers, researchers, stakeholders, and manufacturers involved in local HTA across Canada. The objective was to showcase the diversity of local HTA in Canada, while highlighting common gaps to be addressed.Results: The Symposium focused on current practices in local HTA in Canada to support informed decision making, and opportunities for information sharing and provide equal access to timely evidence-based information to decision makers. The main themes included assessment of evidence for local HTA, contextualization, stakeholder engagement in local HTA, knowledge translation and impact of recommendations, and challenges and opportunities for local HTA.Conclusions: Local HTA in Canada complements HTAs conducted at the provincial and federal levels to improve the efficient and effective health service delivery in institutions or regions faced with limited resources. Some challenges faced by local HTA producers to influence hospital policies and clinical practice involve the engagement of healthcare professionals and potential lack of training and support necessary for the introduction of a new technology.

scholarly journals 149. Unmet Informational Needs among Nursing Home Residents Receiving Antibiotics: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S84-S85
Author(s):  
Eileen Carter ◽  
Christine E DeForge ◽  
Monika Pogorzelska-Maziarz ◽  
Grace Mackson ◽  
Patricia W Stone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Treatment Decisions ◽  
Informational Needs ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Types Of Information

Abstract Background Antibiotics are commonly used in the nursing home (NH) setting and increase residents’ risk for opportunistic and painful infections. Existing evidence of NH residents’ experiences and attitudes towards antibiotic use is limited. We aimed to explore NH residents’ experiences and perceptions of the benefits and risks to antibiotic treatment. Methods Two researchers conducted one-on-one semi-structured interviews with residents residing in a large not-for-profit NH in New York City. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Researchers coded the transcripts using thematic analysis in NVivo 12. Results A total of 26 residents engaged in individual interviews. Participants had a mean age of 76. Most were white (81%), female (58%) and had attended college (58%). Four thematic findings emerged: 1) participants’ involvement in antibiotic treatment decisions; 2) perceived benefits and risks to antibiotics; 3) unmet informational needs; and 4) suggestions to overcome informational needs. Participants described varied involvement in antibiotic treatment decisions, in which some participants described insisting antibiotics from their clinicians and others described leaving antibiotic treatment decisions entirely to the judgement of clinicians. Benefits of antibiotics were well-articulated, yet risks (side effects including antibiotic resistance) to antibiotics were poorly described. Participants reported unmet information needs, including concerns regarding potential drug interactions. Information needs were described to result from a lack of communication with NH staff and/or poor memory among NH residents. Participants suggested that NH residents receive written material regarding their antibiotic prescriptions and provided the types of information that would be helpful for NH residents to know. Descriptions of themes and representative quotes are provided in Figure. Table. Thematic Findings and Representative Quotes Conclusion NH residents expressed a lack of understanding of risks to antibiotic use, unmet informational needs regarding their antibiotic treatments and articulated suggestions to address these information needs. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Investors’ perception on the usefulness of management report disclosures

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Kayed Mohamed ◽  
Alessandra Allini ◽  
Luca Ferri ◽  
Annamaria Zampella
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Institutional Investors ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Financial Analysts ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Voluntary Disclosures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Management Report

Purpose This paper aims to examine the usefulness of disclosures provided by Egyptian firms in the management report from the viewpoint of financial analysts and institutional investors. Design/methodology/approach Institutional investors are surveyed to determine whether disclosures are meeting the needs of these financial statements’ users. The final sample consists of 78 financial analysts who work at stockbrokerage firms and 36 institutional investors who work in Egyptian banks and insurance companies. Findings The main findings reveal that investors view mandatory and voluntary disclosures differently. Some voluntary disclosures are more useful than mandatory disclosures, which highlights a gap between the regulations and users’ information needs. Moreover, the findings show that respondents consider information related to ownership structure more important than information on risks and firms’ future performance. Research limitations/implications This study enriches the scientific debate on the usefulness of disclosures provided in the management report. It might also encourage other researchers to focus on investigating different types of information that may have a significant influence on the decision-making process. Practical implications The findings will be useful to regulators to improve the current rules of disclosures. In addition, these results will also be helpful to managers because they highlight the disclosure items that are considered important by users. Originality/value This study provides evidence on how users perceive the usefulness of information disclosed in the management reports for their decision-making in an emerging capital market. Even though previous studies investigated the usefulness of management reports, no one of them emphasized the users’ viewpoint.

scholarly journals Cognitive Task Analysis Methods in Envisioned Tactical Command Decision Making

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
Nicolette M. McGeorge ◽  
Stephanie Kane ◽  
Chris Muller
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Task Analysis ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Cognitive Task Analysis ◽  
Cyber Warfare ◽  
Cyber Attack ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Types Of Information

The battlespace is a volatile and complex environment in which tactical commanders face cognitively challenging responsibilities, compounded with the increased complexity of emerging cyber warfare. It is critical that tactical commanders gain adequate situation awareness for effective decision making to achieve mission success. While current tools enable distribution of large quantities and types of information, they do not adequately support the underlying cognitive work and information needs of tactical commanders. We performed a domain analysis using Cognitive Task Analysis methods, developing a prototypical operational scenario representative of current and envisioned environments, centered on a cyber-attack. Using this analysis, we identified cognitive and information requirements for information displays that support effective tactical decision making. Tactical commanders need to understand dynamic situations in the field, understand the viable courses of actions, know how their mission fits into the larger mission, and communicate with their company subordinates and higher echelons of command.

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