Integration of communicative partner's visual perspective in patterns of referential requests

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
SEVDA BAHTIYAR ◽  
AYLIN C. KÜNTAY
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Baseline Condition ◽  
Visual Perspective ◽  
Turkish Children ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Common ◽  
Ground Condition

ABSTRACTHow do Turkish children differ from adults in sensitivity to the commonality of their partner's perspective with their own in producing referential language? Fifteen five- to six-year-olds, 15 nine- to ten-year-olds and 15 adults were asked to tell a confederate to pick up an object across three conditions: the common ground condition, in which two similar objects with one contrastive feature were visible to both the participants and the confederate; the privileged ground condition, in which one of the two similar objects was available only to the participant; and the baseline condition, in which there were no competing objects. Age-related increases were found from preschool ages into adulthood in the production of (a) discriminating adjectives in the common ground trials, and (b) requestive speech acts with verbal constructions, rather than noun-only labels. A follow-up study with preschoolers (N=15) prompted for requestive speech acts, leading to an increase in discriminating adjectives.

Lying and Fiction

2018 ◽  
pp. 302-314
Author(s):  
Emar Maier
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Semantic Framework ◽  
Pragmatic Analysis ◽  
Truth Conditional ◽  
The Common ◽  
Maxim Of Quality

Lying and fiction both involve the deliberate production of statements that fail to obey Grice’s first Maxim of Quality (“do not say what you believe to be false”). The question thus arises if we can provide a uniform analysis for fiction and lies. This chapter discusses the similarities, but also some fundamental differences between lying and fiction. It argues that there is little hope for a satisfying account within a traditional truth-conditional semantic framework. Rather than immediately moving to a fully pragmatic analysis involving distinct speech acts of fiction-making and lying, the chapter first explores how far we get with the assumption that both are simply assertions, analyzed in a Stalnakerian framework, i.e., as proposals to update the common ground.

scholarly journals Correction to: Age-related Behavioural Change in Cornelia de Lange and Cri du Chat Syndromes: A Seven Year Follow-up Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 2488-2491
Author(s):  
Lisa Cochran ◽  
Alice Welham ◽  
Chris Oliver ◽  
Adam Arshad ◽  
Joanna F. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cornelia De Lange

Depressive symptoms as a risk factor for the common cold among employees: A 4-month follow-up study

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwan-Cheol Kim ◽  
Shin-Goo Park ◽  
Jong-Han Leem ◽  
Dal-Young Jung ◽  
Sang-Hee Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Age-related Peculiarities of a Delinquent Personality's Preparedness to Resocialize in the Post-penitentiary Period

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-119
Author(s):  
Anatoliy V. Soroka
Keyword(s):  
Value Orientations ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Age Factor ◽  
Basic Beliefs ◽  
Release From Prison

This article is an incomplete presentation of the second part of the follow-up study on the evidence of age-related peculiarities of personality's preparedness to resocialize during the post-penitentiary period. Earlier, we were able to create and successfully test psychodiagnostic and psychocorrective programs for the resocialization of a delinquent person at the stage of release from prison. The A.R. Ratinov's value and standards theory of a criminal's personality is used as a basis for analysis and comparison of the subjects' system of value orientations. 201 individuals have been examined. The obtained results indicate that the subjects have lowered values in three categories of cognitive concept of personality's basic beliefs. The significance of the age factor in the subjects has been reliably found in such scales as «a tendency to force others to fit one's wants/tastes», «a tendency to change others», «categoricalness towards others», «inability to adjust oneself to others» and so on. Subjects have been found with manifestly excessive predisposition to aggression.

scholarly journals Chronological age, biological age, and individual variation in the stress response in the European starling: A follow-up study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Gott ◽  
Clare Andrews ◽  
Maria Larriva Hormigos ◽  
Karen Spencer ◽  
Melissa Bateson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Stress System ◽  
Telomere Attrition ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Stress Responsiveness ◽  
Individual Consistency

The responsiveness of the avian stress system declines with age. A recently published study of European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) found that a marker of biological age predicted stress responsiveness even in individuals of the same chronological age. Specifically, birds that had experienced greater developmental telomere attrition showed a lower peak corticosterone response to an acute stressor, and more rapid recovery of corticosterone levels towards baseline. Here, we performed a follow-up study using the same capture-restraint-handling stressor in a separate cohort of 27 starlings. Unlike the original study, we measured the response at two different age points (4 and 18 months). We did not replicate the associations with developmental telomere attrition observed in the previous study at either age point. However, a meta-analysis of the present results combined with those of the earlier study still lent some support to the conclusions of the earlier paper. Estimates of familial influence on stress responsiveness differed across the two age points. We found little evidence of individual consistency in stress responsiveness between 4 and 18 months. Peak corticosterone was significantly lower at the second age point than the first, though interpretation of this as age-related decline is problematic due to the samples having been analysed at different times.

Long-term outcomes after pollicization: a mean 11-year follow-up study

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-180
Author(s):  
Camilla Hellevuo ◽  
Olli V. Leppänen ◽  
Susanne Kapanen ◽  
Simo K. Vilkki
Keyword(s):  
Functional Outcomes ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Patients Satisfaction ◽  
Metacarpal Head ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Age Related

This study evaluates the long-term results of pollicization for a congenitally absent or severely hypoplastic thumb. Twenty-nine patients with 34 pollicizations were divided to two groups: those with simple thumb hypoplasia (22 pollicizations) and those with radial longitudinal dysplasia (12 pollicizations). The patients were followed from 1.3 to 32 years, with a mean follow-up time of 11 years. The patients were examined clinically and radiologically, and they completed a questionnaire concerning satisfaction with appearance, function, and social interaction. The Percival score was also calculated. In both groups, grip and pinch strengths of the operated hands were inferior to the normative age-related values. Radiologically, flattening of the original metacarpal head was found in 20 out of the 34 operated hands. We found better patient satisfaction in the simple hypoplasia group than in the radial longitudinal dysplasia group. The functional outcomes and patients’ satisfaction did not correlate with the age of patients at operation. Level of evidence: IV

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