A History of Sino-Indian Relations: Hostile Co-existence. By John Rowland. [Princeton, N.J., Toronto, London: Van Nostrand, 1967. 248 pp. $6·75.] - The Pakistan-China Axis. By B. L. Sharma. [London: Asia Publishing House, 1968. 226 pp. 30s.] - Pakistan's Foreign Policy. By Mushtaq Ahmad. [Karachi: Space Publishers, 1968. 191 pp. 30s.]

Abstract The article discusses the research activities of Vladimir Mikhailovich Khvostov, his creative legacy on issues and problems of international relations of the early ХХ century; the life of V.M. Khvostov, characterization and evolution of his approaches and views on the history of international relations, foreign policy. A prominent organizer and theorist in the field of pedagogical Sciences, academician Vladimir Mikhailovich Khvostov played a significant role in the formation of the Academy of pedagogical Sciences of the USSR – the all-Union center of pedagogical thought. As its first President, he paid great attention to the development and improvement of the system of humanitarian education in the school, taking into account all the tasks and requirements imposed by the practice of Communist construction in our country. In his reports and speeches at various scientific sessions and conferences, he repeatedly emphasized the exceptional importance of social Sciences in the training of not only educated girls and boys, but also in the formation of politically literate youth.

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Peculiarities of the national Ukrainian culture in the artistic design of the publications of Kharkov cooperative publishing house «Rukh»

Integrated communications ◽

10.28925/2524-2644.2019.2.11 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Надія Подоляка

Keyword(s):

Graphic Design ◽

Publishing House ◽

Soviet Power ◽

Theoretical Methods ◽

Black And White ◽

Teaching Aids ◽

History Of ◽

Graphic Elements ◽

Visual Materials ◽

Artistic Product

The purpose of the article is to investigate the peculiarities of the national Ukrainian culture in the artistic design of the editions of the Kharkov cooperative publishing house «Rukh». Research methods: Empirical-theoretical methods of analysis, synthesis, deduction are used. From the theoretical methods, a description and interpretation is applied. The use of these methods made it possible to prove that the publications of the Kharkov cooperative publishing house «Rukh» are a highly cultured artistic product, shrouded in the aura of the traditions of Ukrainian culture. It is proved that in the 20-ies. XX century. around the «Rukh» united a circle of like-minded writers, critics, editors, illustrators. Book covers were made by M. Samokish, S. Borovoy, V. Krichevsky. It is established that in the graphic design of the editions the editors used font ensembles, decorative elements and other visual materials created by the most prominent representatives of the artistic circles, in which the Ukrainian tradition is traced. In the design of covers used a variety of frames, ornaments of vegetable origin, stylized with letters. At the same time, minimalism of forms, compositions in a black and white version was quite common. Attention is focused on the works of the famous graphs of the era of the Ukrainian revival, created by the order of the Kharkiv cooperative publishing house «Rukh». The features of the national Ukrainian culture in the artistic design of publications are analyzed. Illustrations, graphic elements, style of execution and technique of the Ukrainian artists cooperating with the publishing house are characterized. The study significantly expands the view on publishing at the stage of the formation of Soviet power. The results can be used to write textbooks and teaching aids on cultural studies, the history of publishing and the history of Ukraine.

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The Foreign Policy Mechanism of the Union Of South Africa and the Development of its Diplomatic Relations (1910–1948)

10.31132/2412-5717-2020-52-3-74-86 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 74-86

Author(s):

Alexandra Arkhangelskaya

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Foreign Policy ◽

British Empire ◽

Prime Minister ◽

The Political ◽

Diplomatic Relations ◽

Economic Evolution ◽

Local Elite ◽

History Of

The history of the formation of South Africa as a single state is closely intertwined with events of international scale, which have accordingly influenced the definition and development of the main characteristics of the foreign policy of the emerging state. The Anglo-Boer wars and a number of other political and economic events led to the creation of the Union of South Africa under the protectorate of the British Empire in 1910. The political and economic evolution of the Union of South Africa has some specific features arising from specific historical conditions. The colonization of South Africa took place primarily due to the relocation of Dutch and English people who were mainly engaged in business activities (trade, mining, agriculture, etc.). Connected by many economic and financial threads with the elite of the countries from which the settlers left, the local elite began to develop production in the region at an accelerated pace. South Africa’s favorable climate and natural resources have made it a hub for foreign and local capital throughout the African continent. The geostrategic position is of particular importance for foreign policy in South Africa, which in many ways predetermined a great interest and was one of the fundamental factors of international involvement in the development of the region. The role of Jan Smuts, who served as Prime Minister of the Union of South Africa from 1919 to 1924 and from 1939 to 1948, was particularly prominent in the implementation of the foreign and domestic policy of the Union of South Africa in the focus period of this study. The main purpose of this article is to study the process of forming the mechanisms of the foreign policy of the Union of South Africa and the development of its diplomatic network in the period from 1910 to 1948.

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Turkey’s foreign policy priorities in the Middle East and Afghanistan

OOO Zhurnal Voprosy Istorii ◽

10.31166/voprosyistorii202010statyi59 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (10-3) ◽

pp. 228-237

Author(s):

Marina Shpakovskaya ◽

Oleg Barnashov ◽

Arian Mohammad Hassan Shershah ◽

Asadullah Noori ◽

Mosa Ziauddin Ahmad

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Foreign Policy ◽

Middle East ◽

The United States ◽

Turkish Foreign Policy ◽

Security Issues ◽

New Approaches ◽

East Region ◽

History Of ◽

Middle East Region

The article discusses the features and main approaches of Turkish foreign policy in the Middle East. Particular attention is paid to the history of the development of Turkish-American relations. The causes of the contradictions between Turkey and the United States on the security issues of the Middle East region are analyzed. At the same time, the commonality of the approaches of both countries in countering radical terrorism in the territories adjacent to Turkey is noted. The article also discusses the priority areas of Turkish foreign policy, new approaches and technologies in the first decade of the XXI century.

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