scholarly journals The Benzodiazepine Receptor: The Pharmacology of Emotion

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.A. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Benzodiazepine Receptor ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Biological Basis ◽  
Anxiolytic Drugs ◽  
Major Turning Point ◽  
Definition Of

SUMMARY:Anxiety seems to be an inherent and perhaps necessary component of civilization. However, the biological basis of anxiety has always been as obscure as the definition of anxiety itself. The importance of anxiety to our mental wellbeing was noted by Freud (1933) who considered it a “nodalpoint”. As in the case of schizophrenia, there have been as many hypotheses to explain anxiety as there have been investigators with different techniques for studying it. The benzodiazepines, introduced clinically in I960, are now the most widely-used anxiolytic drugs. From the time of their introduction, it was felt that an explanation of the mode of action of benzodiazepines might shed considerable light on the basis of anxiety. The discovery, in 1977, of a specific benzodiazepine receptor, uniquely localized in the CNS, was the major turning point in this search (Squires and Braestrup, 1977; Mohler and Okada, 1977).

Dominance runs deep

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie J. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Human Behavior ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Biological Basis ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Evolutionary Point

Seen in its historical context, Mazur & Booth's (M&B's) target article may come to be viewed as a turning point in the study of the biological basis of human behavior in general, and dominance in particular. To facilitate further research, suggestions are offered for making the definition of dominance more precise. From an evolutionary point of view, the testosterone-dominance link may be as important in women as it is in men.

scholarly journals EU Competition Law Devours Its Children: The Proliferation of Anti-Competitive Object and the Problem of False Positives

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Csongor István NAGY
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Competition Law ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Alternative Conception ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Eu Competition Law ◽  
The Social ◽  
Major Turning Point ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Rule Making

Abstract In the last decade, EU competition law reached a major turning point in its history. Anti-competitive object became an elusive and unpredictable rule, which boosts the risk of false positives and has a significant chilling effect. This article analyses this metamorphosis and the social damages it is causing, and proposes an alternative conception. The article demonstrates that the emerging new concept of anti-competitive object erroneously conflates ‘contextual analysis’, which has been part of the object-inquiry from the outset, and ‘effects-analysis’, which has no role to play here. It submits that both doctrinal and policy reasons confirm that anti-competitive object should be a category-building principle of ‘judicial rule-making’ (‘definition of the definition’) and not applicable to individual arrangements directly.

Explaining Brexit North and South of the Border

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
David McCrone
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Social Surveys ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Major Turning Point ◽  
Scottish Independence ◽  
North And South ◽  
Scottish Politics ◽  
Game Changer

The Brexit referendum in 2016 was a major turning-point in British and Scottish politics, reflected in a majority for Leave in England, but for Remain in Scotland. This article uses the British and Scottish Social Surveys for 2016 to explain Scottish-English differences, and finds that there were broad similarities in terms of social and demographic characteristics, and in terms of social values (‘authoritarians’ voting for Leave). Being ‘English’, however, was much more significant than being ‘Scottish’ in accounting for Brexit vote. The association between Brexit vote and constitutional preferences, notably voting intention in a future Scottish Independence Referendum, is far less clear-cut. Brexit promises to be a political game-changer, but in ways which are complex and unpredictable.

The Hoare-Laval Plan: A Study in International Polities

1962 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-364
Author(s):  
Henderson B. Braddick
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
African Country ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Foreign Minister ◽  
State Department ◽  
The State ◽  
International Crisis ◽  
Major Turning Point

The agreement between British Foreign Minister Sir Samuel Hoare and Pierre Laval, French Premier and Foreign Minister, in early December, 1935, was a major turning point in European international politics during the interwar period. It placed a premium on Fascist aggression in Ethiopia by proposing that Italy be given actual or de facto control over huge slices of the African country. Several volumes of memoirs published in the last few years throw new light on some aspects of the proposal itself and on the politics of Great Britain, Italy, and France toward the Italo-Ethiopian conflict, policies which at the height of the international crisis produced the Hoare-Laval Plan. In addition, the State Department documents, published and unpublished, are a mine of information on these matters.

scholarly journals Militarising Mumbai? The ‘Politics’ of Response.

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-498
Author(s):  
Rhys Machold
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
The Political ◽  
Policy Response ◽  
Political Upheaval ◽  
Urban Security ◽  
Major Turning Point ◽  
Indian Cities

Abstract This article focuses on how urban security has been governed in Mumbai in the aftermath of the 2008 terrorist attacks (26/11). The event was widely cited as a major turning point in the securitisation and militarisation of Indian cities. It also produced significant political upheaval, which in turn generated calls for a major institutional overhaul of the governmental architecture for handling terrorism. This article takes the political and policy repercussions of 26/11 as an intervention into critical debates about the (para-)militarisation of policing and the politics of urban security. Here I shift the focus from the disciplinary and divisive effects of policies towards an emphasis on their spectacular and theatrical dimensions. If we are to make sense of the ‘militarised’ focus of the policy response to 26/11, I argue, we need to take seriously its populist, aspirational qualities.

‘The Men of Violence’, 1976–1981

2019 ◽  
pp. 88-116
Author(s):  
Margaret M. Scull
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Political Prisoner ◽  
Hunger Strike ◽  
Major Turning Point ◽  
Church Responses ◽  
Catholic Churches ◽  
The Church

This chapter is devoted to the prison protests in Long Kesh/Maze Prison. It evaluates Church responses to the evolving protest by republican paramilitary prisoners on their quest for ‘five demands’ for political prisoner status. The chapter will culminate with the 1980 and 1981 hunger strikes which saw the deaths of ten men in the prison, including Bobby Sands, and more than sixty deaths outside caused by heightened community tensions. At this point, the English and Irish Catholic Churches faced their greatest point of division over the issue of hunger striking as suicide; a schism often reported by the British media. Fr Denis Faul, a civil rights activist, effectively ended the 1981 hunger strike by convincing the families to medically intervene. The legacy of the strikes fractured the tenuous relationship between the Church and Irish Republicans, marking a major turning point in the conflict.

scholarly journals Technology Portfolio and Role of Public Research Institutions in Industry 4.0: A Case of South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 2632 ◽  
Author(s):  
SungUk Lim ◽  
Junmo Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Public Research ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Major Turning Point ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Public Research Institutions

The 4th industrial revolution has been a hot topic in various societies for several overlapping reasons. It may be a huge wave for researchers to navigate through. In this context, research institutions are not different from major industrial sectors, in that both consider the 4th revolution a major turning point as well as a threat. Today’s industries and research institutions are knowledge-intensive in nature. Consequently, their potential for survival depends on scientific and technological aspects as well as their organizational dimension. This study analyzes 25 major public research institutions in South Korea, located in the DaeDuk area, based on their technological capability for organizational and expert evaluation. It also proposes a matching scheme between research institutions and research topics related to the 4th industrial revolution.

scholarly journals Cuba: transition of disintegration?

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
Jean Stubbs
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Of Pittsburgh ◽  
Four Books ◽  
Major Turning Point ◽  
Political Spectrum ◽  
Cuban History

[First paragraph]Toward a New Cuba? Legacies of a Revolution. MIGUEL ANGEL CENTENO & MAURICIO FONT (eds.). Boulder CO: Lynne Rienner, 1997. ix + 245 pp. (Cloth US$ 49.95)Essays on Cuban History: Historiography and Research. Louis A. PEREZ, JR. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1994. xiv + 306 pp. (Cloth US$ 44.95)Cuba's Second Economy: From Behind the Scenes to Center Stage.JORGE F. PEREZ-LOPEZ. New Brunswick NJ: Transaction, 1995. 221 pp. (Cloth US$ 32.95)Sport in Cuba: The Diamond in the Rough. PAULA J. PETTAVINO & GERALYN PYE. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1994. ix + 301 pp. (Cloth US$ 49.94, Paper US$ 19.95)Cuba is clearly at yet another major turning point, and the four books under review here testify, each in its way, to this. Two are single-authored monographs (one on sport, the other on the informal economy) one is a single-authored collection of essays on history and historiography; and one is a multidisciplinary anthology of essays by various authors. In approach, they cover a broad political spectrum, and all are concerned with an understanding of process in Cuba, whether prior to or since the 1959 revolution, pre- or post-1989, or during the 1990s.

Inter-State Arbitration in Historical Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 842-873
Author(s):  
Alexis Keller
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Fourth Moment ◽  
International Dispute ◽  
Major Turning Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Jay Treaty ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Settlement Of Disputes ◽  
Inter State

This chapter identifies the principal moments when the definition of arbitration and the institutions and techniques associated with it underwent major changes. It specifically highlights inter-state arbitration, yet its proposed historical lessons illuminates the entire field of international dispute settlement. This history can be divided into five distinct moments. The first, which could be described as the ‘Greek moment’, refers to the systematic use of arbitration by Greek cities to resolve their conflicts. The second, covering the period between 1200 and 1400 ad, witnessed the emergence of the first arbitration procedures under the influence of canonical law and acknowledged the growing power of the popes in the settlement of disputes between states. The third, marked by the Jay Treaty of 1794, initiated a major turning point in the history of arbitration, as it confirmed the role of diplomatic commissions in the peaceful resolution of disputes. The fourth moment, which began with the Alabama case (1871), saw the establishment of the first impartial and independent tribunal. Finally, the fifth moment began with the setting up of the Permanent Arbitration Court in 1899 and the harmonization of arbitration procedures.

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