scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Image Findings and Surgical Considerations in T1-2 Disc Herniation

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Caner ◽  
B.F. Kilinçoglu ◽  
S. Benli ◽  
N. Altinörs ◽  
M. Bavbek
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Horner’S Syndrome ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Medial Aspect ◽  
Horner's Syndrome ◽  
Upward Herniation

ABSTRACT:Objective:To report a case of disc herniation at Tl-2.Clinical presentation:A 57-year-old man presented with hand weakness, Horner's syndrome, and pain radiating along the medial aspect of one upper extremity. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated extruded Tl-2 disc herniation with upward herniation of a sequestrated fragment.Intervention:An anterior approach was used to excise the disc, that was compressing the spinal cord and the Tl nerve root. All the patient's symptoms resolved completely, including Horner's syndrome.Conclusion:Anterior discectomy may be the simplest and most effective method for disc excision and relief of spinal cord and Tl nerve root compression.

scholarly journals Dorsal cauda equina nerve root enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging due to ANNA-1-associated paraneoplastic polyneuropathy

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay A Madhavan ◽  
Julie B Guerin ◽  
Laurence J Eckel ◽  
Vance T Lehman ◽  
Carrie M Carr
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Csf Analysis ◽  
Paraneoplastic Polyneuropathy ◽  
Nerve Root Involvement

A 69-year-old female presented with subacute onset ascending weakness and paraesthesias. She was initially diagnosed with Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) based on her clinical presentation and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showing albuminocytological dissociation. However, she was later found to have anti-neuronal nuclear antibody 1 (ANNA-1/anti-Hu)-positive CSF and was subsequently diagnosed with small-cell lung cancer. Her neurological symptoms were ultimately attributed to ANNA-1/anti-Hu-associated paraneoplastic polyneuropathy. During the course of her evaluation, she had magnetic resonance imaging findings of dorsal predominant cauda equina nerve root enhancement, which has not been previously described. The only previously reported case of cauda equina enhancement due to ANNA-1-associated polyneuropathy described ventral predominant findings. The distinction between ventral and dorsal enhancement is important, since it suggests that different patterns of nerve root involvement may be associated with this paraneoplastic syndrome. Therefore, ANNA-1-associated paraneoplastic inflammatory polyneuropathy can be considered in the differential diagnosis of cauda equina nerve root enhancement with ventral and/or dorsal predominance. This can potentially be helpful in differentiating ANNA-1 polyneuropathy from GBS, which classically has ventral predominant enhancement.

The Relationship Between Preoperative Clinical Presentation and Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features in Patients With Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy

Neurosurgery ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aria Nouri ◽  
Lindsay Tetreault ◽  
Kristian Dalzell ◽  
Juan J. Zamorano ◽  
Michael G. Fehlings
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BACKGROUND: Degenerative cervical myelopathy encompasses a group of conditions resulting in progressive spinal cord injury through static and dynamic compression. Although a constellation of changes can present on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the clinical significance of these findings remains a subject of controversy and discussion. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between clinical presentation and quantitative MRI features in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy. METHODS: A secondary analysis of MRI and clinical data from 114 patients enrolled in a prospective, multicenter study was conducted. MRIs were assessed for maximum spinal cord compression (MSCC), maximum canal compromise (MCC), signal changes, and a signal change ratio (SCR). MRI features were compared between patients with and those without myelopathy symptoms with the use of t tests. Correlations between MRI features and duration of symptoms were assessed with the Spearman ρ. RESULTS: Numb hands and Hoffmann sign were associated with greater MSCC (P < .05); broad-based, unstable gait, impairment of gait, and Hoffmann sign were associated with greater MCC (P < .05); and numb hands, Hoffmann sign, Babinski sign, lower limb spasticity, hyperreflexia, and T1 hypointensity were associated with greater SCR (P < .05). Patients with a T2 signal hyperintensity had greater MSCC and MCC (P < .001). CONCLUSION: MSCC was associated with upper limb manifestations, and SCR was associated with upper limb, lower limb, and general neurological deficits. Hoffmann sign occurred more commonly in patients with a greater MSCC, MCC and SCR. The Lhermitte phenomenon presented more commonly in patients with a lower SCR and may be an early indicator of mild spinal cord involvement. Research to validate these findings is required.

scholarly journals Unilateral Straight Hair—A Symptom of Acquired Horner's Syndrome in a Neonate

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. e32-e36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Ott ◽  
Andrei Bobylev ◽  
Stefan Holland-Cunz ◽  
Johannes Mayr
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Horner’S Syndrome ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Horner's Syndrome ◽  
Fetal Ultrasound ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Multicystic Tumor ◽  
The Right

AbstractA multicystic tumor of the right neck was detected in a girl at 29 weeks of gestation by fetal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The baby was delivered by cesarean section at week 37 of gestation. The newborn adapted well, with minimal compromise of breathing and drinking. Postnatal ultrasound and MRI revealed a cervical lymphangioma measuring 60.5 × 60.6 × 41.2 mm. We performed subtotal resection of the tumor when the girl was 34 days. As a complication of surgical resection, the girl developed ipsilateral Horner's syndrome. In the postoperative period, her curled hair turned straight at the side of the head affected by Horner's syndrome. At the age of 2.5 years, ultrasonic imaging revealed the presence of three cysts measuring 3 mm in diameter each. Horner's syndrome had improved, and the texture of the girl's hair had become curly again on both sides.

scholarly journals Changes of Dorsal Root Ganglion Volume in Dogs with Clinical Signs of Degenerative Myelopathy Detected by Water-Excitation Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1702
Author(s):  
Eiji Naito ◽  
Kohei Nakata ◽  
Yukiko Nakano ◽  
Yuta Nozue ◽  
Shintaro Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Intervertebral Disc Herniation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Water Excitation ◽  
Spinal Cord Segment ◽  
Degenerative Myelopathy

Canine degenerative myelopathy (DM) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disease. However, a definitive diagnosis of DM can only be achieved by postmortem histopathological examination of the spinal cord. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the volumetry of DRG using the ability of water-excitation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to visualize the DRG in dogs has premortem diagnostic value for DM. Eight dogs with DM, twenty-four dogs with intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH), and eight control dogs were scanned using a 3.0-tesla MRI system, and water-excitation images were obtained to visualize and measure the volume of DRG, normalized by body surface area. The normalized mean DRG volume between each spinal cord segment and mean volume of all DRG between T8 and L2 in the DM group was significantly lower than that in the control and the IVDH groups (P = 0.011, P = 0.002, respectively). There were no correlations within the normalized mean DRG volume between DM stage 1 and stage 4 (rs = 0.312, P = 0.128, respectively). In conclusion, DRG volumetry by the water-excitation MRI provides a non-invasive and quantitative assessment of neurodegeneration in DRG and may have diagnostic potential for DM.

Multisession CyberKnife Radiosurgery for Intramedullary Spinal Cord Arteriovenous Malformations

Neurosurgery ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1081-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Sinclair ◽  
Steven D. Chang ◽  
Iris C. Gibbs ◽  
John R. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Spinal Angiography ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Cyberknife Radiosurgery

Abstract OBJECTIVE: Intramedullary spinal cord arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) have an unfavorable natural history that characteristically involves myelopathy secondary to progressive ischemia and/or recurrent hemorrhage. Although some lesions can be managed successfully with embolization and surgery, AVM size, location, and angioarchitecture precludes treatment in many circumstances. Given the poor outlook for such patients, and building on the successful experience with radiosurgical ablation of cerebral AVMs, our group at Stanford University has used CyberKnife (Accuray, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA) stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to treat selected spinal cord AVMs since 1997. In this article, we retrospectively analyze our preliminary experience with this technique. METHODS: Fifteen patients with intramedullary spinal cord AVMs (nine cervical, three thoracic, and three conus medullaris) were treated by image-guided SRS between 1997 and 2005. SRS was delivered in two to five sessions with an average marginal dose of 20.5 Gy. The biologically effective dose used in individual patients was escalated gradually over the course of this study. Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging follow-up were carried out annually, and spinal angiography was repeated at 3 years. RESULTS: After a mean follow-up period of 27.9 months (range, 3–59 mo), six of the seven patients who were more than 3 years from SRS had significant reductions in AVM volumes on interim magnetic resonance imaging examinations. In four of the five patients who underwent postoperative spinal angiography, persistent AVM was confirmed, albeit reduced in size. One patient demonstrated complete angiographic obliteration of a conus medullaris AVM 26 months after radiosurgery. There was no evidence of further hemorrhage after CyberKnife treatment or neurological deterioration attributable to SRS. CONCLUSION: This description of CyberKnife radiosurgical ablation demonstrates its feasibility and apparent safety for selected intramedullary spinal cord AVMs. Additional experience is necessary to ascertain the optimal radiosurgical dose and ultimate efficacy of this technique.

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