A Statistical Study of Ship Domains

A ship domain may be thought of as the sea around his ship which the navigator would like to keep free, with respect to other ships and fixed objects. In this paper, which was read at an Institute meeting in London on 12 February 1975 with Captain R. Mayboum in the Chair, Mrs. Goodwin describes studies to determine the dimensions of a domain based on radar simulator performance and traffic surveys in the North Sea. She also suggests applications of this domain concept to marine traffic engineering problems and to traffic control schemes.In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the sea for it is to the world a means of communication, a source of food and a source of minerals.

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Marine Encounter Rates

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s0373463300041904 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 357-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elisabeth M. Goodwin

Keyword(s):

Traffic Control ◽

The North ◽

Marine Traffic ◽

Commercial World ◽

The North Sea ◽

Traffic Control System ◽

Traffic Systems ◽

The Moment ◽

Liquid Natural Gas ◽

A Minor

One of the major topics of discussion at the moment is the subject of control in marine traffic systems. For many years the principle of the freedom of the sea and in particular the freedom of navigation was recognized universally, but recent advances in many directions have led people to question it closely. The increasing size of ships, and especially those used to transport cargoes such as oil, chemicals and liquid natural gas, is one factor, since various incidents have led to a growing awareness of the human and ecological consequences of even a minor incident at sea. Another factor has been the expansion of oildrilling operations and explorations for other resources, usually in areas such as the North Sea where the available navigable sea room was already restricted, especially for the modern deeper-draught ships. Purely economic factors have also been contributory; modern ships spend less and less time in port with more time at sea and the commercial world demands that the sea voyages should be completed as efficiently as possible, usually with respect to time. For these and other local reasons there is a growing demand for some form of marine traffic control system. Most of the world's major ports have traffic control to some extent and attention is now being paid to restricted seaways such as the Dover Strait.

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A Model for Calculating a Maritime Risk Criterion Number

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s0373463300043964 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 287-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C. van der Tak ◽

J. A. Spaans

Keyword(s):

Research Centre ◽

Traffic Density ◽

Traffic Situation ◽

Traffic Patterns ◽

Speed Distribution ◽

The North ◽

Marine Traffic ◽

Risk Criterion ◽

The North Sea ◽

Sea Area

Early in 1976 the Navigation Research Centre of the Netherlands Maritime Institute started research to develop a ‘maritime risk criterion number’ for a specific sea area. The need was urgent as the Navigation Research Centre (NRC) became more involved in marine traffic studies in the North Sea and the approaches to Dutch harbours. The main purpose is to calculate the criteria for traffic patterns in a given area as an element in the information needed to find the best regulatory solution for the overall traffic situation. The criterion should give due recognition to such elements as the traffic density, the course and speed distribution of the traffic, and the danger classes of the ships participating in the traffic.

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Traffic Surveys in Japan

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s0373463300022360 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 521-534 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Atsutoshi Yamaguchi ◽

Shozo Sakaki

Keyword(s):

Traffic Control ◽

Traffic Engineering ◽

Traffic Volume ◽

Radar Observations ◽

Speed Distribution ◽

Marine Traffic ◽

Wide Scatter

For marine traffic engineering, traffic surveys are most important and provide the fundamental materials necessary for harbour and fairway design, traffic control planning, &c. Such surveys cover numerous items, the main subjects being traffic volume, speed, distribution of ships' tracks, origin and destination and type of cargo. Since we have to deal with many vessels, handled by people with varying temperaments, knowledge and ability, observations usually show a wide scatter; the object is often to find some formula or rule to explain the phenomena, and traffic surveys are therefore apt to prove both expensive and time consuming. When, for example, Yamaguchi and others conducted a year long observation on traffic in the Akashi Channel in 1963 at least two members of the team stood watch for 24 × 365 hours in a hillside cottage making both visual and radar observations. Since then the survey has been extended to more than ten other straits well known for difficulties in manœuvring.

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An Inquiry into North Sea Navigation

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s0373463300032719 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 332-346

Author(s):

V. H. M. Ligthart

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Continental Shelf ◽

North Sea ◽

Preliminary Results ◽

The North ◽

Marine Traffic ◽

The North Sea ◽

Interesting Area ◽

Offshore Activities ◽

Do So

Some results are here described of research carried out in the Netherlands with regard to marine traffic problems on the Dutch part of the continental shelf with emphasis on the preliminary results of the ‘Nautical Questionnaire North Sea’.The North Sea is a busy and interesting area, often presenting a challenge to the professional and amateur mariner, and to government bodies who have to see that people operating there do so in a responsible and safe manner. Figs 1 and 2 give an impression of the various types of activities on the Dutch continental shelf and of the collision and grounding positions of vessels in the North Sea over the period 1973–7. To reconcile the claims of all operations has become increasingly difficult as offshore activities have multiplied.

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