Traffic Surveys in Japan

1971 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsutoshi Yamaguchi ◽  
Shozo Sakaki
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Radar Observations ◽  
Speed Distribution ◽  
Marine Traffic ◽  
Wide Scatter

For marine traffic engineering, traffic surveys are most important and provide the fundamental materials necessary for harbour and fairway design, traffic control planning, &c. Such surveys cover numerous items, the main subjects being traffic volume, speed, distribution of ships' tracks, origin and destination and type of cargo. Since we have to deal with many vessels, handled by people with varying temperaments, knowledge and ability, observations usually show a wide scatter; the object is often to find some formula or rule to explain the phenomena, and traffic surveys are therefore apt to prove both expensive and time consuming. When, for example, Yamaguchi and others conducted a year long observation on traffic in the Akashi Channel in 1963 at least two members of the team stood watch for 24 × 365 hours in a hillside cottage making both visual and radar observations. Since then the survey has been extended to more than ten other straits well known for difficulties in manœuvring.

scholarly journals A Statistical Study of Ship Domains

1975 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth M. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Statistical Study ◽  
The North ◽  
Marine Traffic ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Radar Simulator ◽  
Domain Concept

A ship domain may be thought of as the sea around his ship which the navigator would like to keep free, with respect to other ships and fixed objects. In this paper, which was read at an Institute meeting in London on 12 February 1975 with Captain R. Mayboum in the Chair, Mrs. Goodwin describes studies to determine the dimensions of a domain based on radar simulator performance and traffic surveys in the North Sea. She also suggests applications of this domain concept to marine traffic engineering problems and to traffic control schemes.In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the sea for it is to the world a means of communication, a source of food and a source of minerals.

A Basic Study on the Intensively Controlled Area based on Marine Traffic Volume

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-170
Author(s):  
Sang-Won Park ◽  
◽  
Young-Soo Park ◽  
Song-Jin Na
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Basic Study ◽  
Marine Traffic

scholarly journals DECISION SUPPORT FOR MARINE TRAFFIC CONTROL BASED ON ROUTE CLUSTERING

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-449
Author(s):  
Victor M. Grinyak ◽  
◽  
Alexander S. Devyatisilnyi ◽  
Yuryi S. Ivanenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Marine Traffic

scholarly journals A simulation of traffic noise emissions at a roundabout based on a cellular automaton model

Acta Acustica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Canyi Du ◽  
Xinfa Qiu ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Ming Cai
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Sound Power ◽  
Noise Emission ◽  
Urban Road ◽  
Speed Distribution ◽  
Sound Power Level

The calculation and evaluation of traffic noise is an important task in urban road design. Roundabouts are a common form of urban road intersection. The complexity of traffic operations makes the calculation of traffic noise near a roundabout challenging. To explore traffic noise at roundabouts, a cellular automaton traffic flow model for a two-lane roundabout is established. Based on this model, a dynamic simulation method for traffic noise at roundabouts is proposed. The traffic operation and noise emissions at a roundabout are simulated. The vehicle speed distribution and traffic noise distribution at the roundabout are analysed, and the relationship between the traffic volume and sound power level of the cells is discussed. Finally, the proposed method is compared with existing traffic noise models, and the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are verified. The results of this paper show that the speed distribution and noise emission distribution at the roundabout are not uniform. When the traffic volume increases to saturation, the noise emission on the ring road will not keep increasing, and the sound power level of the cells on the inner ring is approximately 2 dBA higher than that of the outer ring. The methods and results in this paper may be valuable for road traffic design and noise control.

scholarly journals A GIS-Based Spatial-Temporal Autoregressive Model for Forecasting Marine Traffic Volume of a Shipping Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xianzhe Zhang ◽  
Gang Chen ◽  
Jiechen Wang ◽  
Manchun Li ◽  
Liang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Marine Traffic ◽  
Temporal Model

Research on the forecasting of marine traffic flows can provide a basis for port planning, planning the water area layout, and ship navigation management and provides a practical background for sustainable development evaluation of shipping. Most of the traditional marine traffic volume forecasting studies focus on the variation of the traffic volume of a single port or section in time dimension and less research on traffic correlation of associated ports in shipping networks. To reveal the spatial-temporal autocorrelation characteristics of the shipping network and to establish a suitable space-time forecasting model for marine traffic volume, this paper uses the AIS data from 2011 to 2016 for the South China Sea to construct a regional shipping network. The adjacent discrimination rule based on network correlation is proposed, and the traffic demand between ports is estimated based on the gravity model. On this basis, STARMA (space-time autoregressive moving average) model was introduced for deducing the interaction between he traffic volumes of adjacent ports in shipping network. The experimental results show that (1) there is a significant positive correlation between time and space in the South China Sea shipping network, and this spatial-temporal correlation has the characteristics of time dynamics and spatial heterogeneity; (2) the forecasting accuracy of the marine traffic volume based on the spatial-temporal model is better than the traditional time-series-based forecasting model, and the spatial-temporal model can better portray the spatial-temporal autocorrelation of maritime traffic.

Developing and Implementing Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices Criteria for Selecting Traffic Control for Unsignalized Intersections

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (11) ◽  
pp. 319-331
Author(s):  
H. Gene Hawkins ◽  
Kay Fitzpatrick ◽  
Marcus A. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Unsignalized Intersections ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
Traffic Control Devices ◽  
Urban Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

The 2009 United States Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) includes guidance for the use of various types of traffic control at unsignalized intersections. Despite changes and advances in traffic engineering in recent decades, the MUTCD content related to selection of traffic control in Part 2B has seen only minor changes since 1971. The types of unsignalized traffic control addressed in the current research included no control, yield control, two-way stop control, and all-way stop control. The research team developed recommendations using information available from reviews of existing literature, policies, guidelines, and findings from an economic analysis along with the engineering judgment of the research team and panel. The researchers then developed recommended language for the next edition of the MUTCD for unsignalized intersections. This includes consideration of high-speed (rural) and low-speed (urban) conditions along with the number of legs at the intersection. Because the number of expected crashes at an intersection is a function of the number of legs, the decision on appropriate traffic control should also be sensitive to the number of legs present. The proposed language includes introductory general considerations, discusses alternatives to changing right-of-way control, and steps through the various forms of unsignalized control from least restrictive to most restrictive, beginning with no control and concluding with all-way stop control.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Traffic Capacity of the Zion–Mt. Carmel Tunnel in Zion National Park

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jonathan Upchurch
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
National Park ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Current Method ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Highway Capacity ◽  
Zion National Park ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Pass Through

Constructed in 1930 and recently designated as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark, the 1.1 mile long Zion–Mt. Carmel Tunnel has served Zion National Park in Utah well for several decades. With the passage of time, however, vehicles have become larger and this has necessitated the use of one-way operation to allow large vehicles to pass through the narrow tunnel. In recent years the number of visits to National Parks in the Colorado Plateau region has greatly increased. For example, visits to Zion National Park increased by 69% from 2010 to 2017. Accompanying the increase in visitor numbers has been an increase in traffic volume. As traffic volume has grown, two questions have become more obvious: What is the highway capacity of the Zion–Mt. Carmel Tunnel? And, how soon will the tunnel reach capacity? This paper covers a unique traffic engineering/highway capacity problem and describes: (a) the current method of operating the tunnel (both two-way and one-way operation); (b) data collection and analysis; (c) how one-way operation degrades tunnel capacity; (d) calculation of tunnel capacity and waiting times; (e) how soon the tunnel will reach capacity; and (f) alternatives for addressing the capacity problem.

The Distribution of Collisions in Japan and Methods of Estimating Collision Damage

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahei Fujii ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamanouchi
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Traffic Engineering ◽  
Approximate Formula ◽  
Traffic Patterns ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Marine Traffic ◽  
Probability Of Collision

The estimation of collision danger is often required by harbour authorities and others for planning fairways or for increasing the safety of navigation. Fujii1 gives an approximate formula for the probability of collision in a waterway where the density of traffic, the size distribution of ships and the average speed are known. Fujii's formula is however only applicable where the traffic has been surveyed and traffic patterns are well known. Some simple method is required for estimating collision danger, especially for harbours where traffic patterns are complicated and the information available on marine traffic engineering is comparatively small.

Real-Time Detector-Free Adaptive Signal Control with Low Penetration of Connected Vehicles

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (18) ◽  
pp. 35-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiheng Feng ◽  
Jianfeng Zheng ◽  
Henry X. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Penetration Rate ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Signal Control ◽  
Connected Vehicle ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Loop Detectors ◽  
Adaptive Signal Control ◽  
Adaptive Signal

Most of the existing connected vehicle (CV)-based traffic control models require a critical penetration rate. If the critical penetration rate cannot be reached, then data from traditional sources (e.g., loop detectors) need to be added to improve the performance. However, it can be expected that over the next 10 years or longer, the CV penetration will remain at a low level. This paper presents a real-time detector-free adaptive signal control with low penetration of CVs ([Formula: see text]10%). A probabilistic delay estimation model is proposed, which only requires a few critical CV trajectories. An adaptive signal control algorithm based on dynamic programming is implemented utilizing estimated delay to calculate the performance function. If no CV is observed during one signal cycle, historical traffic volume is used to generate signal timing plans. The proposed model is evaluated at a real-world intersection in VISSIM with different demand levels and CV penetration rates. Results show that the new model outperforms well-tuned actuated control regarding delay reduction, in all scenarios under only 10% penetrate rate. The results also suggest that the accuracy of historical traffic volume plays an important role in the performance of the algorithm.

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