The Efficiency of the Greek Lighthouse Network

1998 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-429
Author(s):  
Julia Englesou ◽  
Mary Lekakou ◽  
Ernest Tzannatos
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Structures ◽  
Signal Reliability ◽  
Recent Introduction ◽  
Coastal Shipping ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level

Among the many primary causes which lead to a shipping casualty, those of wrecking, stranding or coming into contact with fixed coastal structures depend (although not exclusively and only under specific conditions of visibility) upon the efficiency of the lighthouse and navigating lights network of a national coastline. The analysis of the shipping casualties involving Greek ships in the Greek seas revealed that, despite the recent introduction of sophisticated navigating aids for the prevention of stranding and contact, the share of the corresponding casualties remains unchanged. It appears that for coastal shipping operations, and in particular for port approaches, the traditional light navigating aids are and will always provide an irreplaceable safety service for navigators. This is mainly attributed to their technological simplicity which offers a high level of signal reliability and friendliness for the navigator.

scholarly journals Prototypical Recombinant Multi-Protease-Inhibitor-Resistant Infectious Molecular Clones of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 4290-4299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vici Varghese ◽  
Yumi Mitsuya ◽  
W. Jeffrey Fessel ◽  
Tommy F. Liu ◽  
George L. Melikian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protease Inhibitor ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Amino Acid Substitutions ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
The Public ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level ◽  
Infectious Molecular Clones

ABSTRACTThe many genetic manifestations of HIV-1 protease inhibitor (PI) resistance present challenges to research into the mechanisms of PI resistance and the assessment of new PIs. To address these challenges, we created a panel of recombinant multi-PI-resistant infectious molecular clones designed to represent the spectrum of clinically relevant multi-PI-resistant viruses. To assess the representativeness of this panel, we examined the sequences of the panel's viruses in the context of a correlation network of PI resistance amino acid substitutions in sequences from more than 10,000 patients. The panel of recombinant infectious molecular clones comprised 29 of 41 study-defined PI resistance amino acid substitutions and 23 of the 27 tightest amino acid substitution clusters. Based on their phenotypic properties, the clones were classified into four groups with increasing cross-resistance to the PIs most commonly used for salvage therapy: lopinavir (LPV), tipranavir (TPV), and darunavir (DRV). The panel of recombinant infectious molecular clones has been made available without restriction through the NIH AIDS Research and Reference Reagent Program. The public availability of the panel makes it possible to compare the inhibitory activities of different PIs with one another. The diversity of the panel and the high-level PI resistance of its clones suggest that investigational PIs active against the clones in this panel will retain antiviral activity against most if not all clinically relevant PI-resistant viruses.

scholarly journals The 2013-2016 West African Ebola virus outbreak: Local contexts and future issues

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Cecon ◽  
Peter F McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
West African ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Literature Searches ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level ◽  
International Experts

Ebola is just one example of the many emerging and re-emerging diseases that continue to affect mainly the developing world. We argue that the unprecedented high level of infections and deaths in the 2013-2016 West African Ebola epidemic, together with the more general impact of Ebola and other emerging diseases on societies, is reflective of the unpreparedness of affected countries prior to an outbreak. Typically, the healthcare systems of most low-income countries are inadequately prepared to be able to deal with such large and unexpected outbreaks. In this paper, we attempt to analyse the emergence and spread of the West African Ebola epidemic, reviewing the situation in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone prior to the 2013-2016 outbreak. We also highlight some of the additional societal burdens that the outbreak has placed on these countries. By drawing lessons from this epidemic, as well as case studies of other (re-)emerging epidemic infections through a combination of literature searches and news reports, combined with the views of 10 international experts, we develop eight actions that might help potentially susceptible countries and the international community to prevent, contain or better respond to possible future outbreaks.

Adaptable Information Provisioning in Collaborative Networks

2012 ◽  
pp. 269-281
Author(s):  
Heiko Thimm ◽  
Karsten Boye Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Information Modeling ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Business Networks ◽  
High Level Architecture ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Time Restrictions ◽  
Shared Information ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level ◽  
Successful Collaboration

Well-informed network participants are a necessity for successful collaboration in business networks. The widespread knowledge of the many aspects of the network is an effective vehicle to promote trust within the network, successfully resolve conflicts, and build a prospering collaboration climate. Despite their natural interest in being well informed about all the different aspects of the network, limited resources, e.g. time restrictions of the participants, often prevents reaching an appropriate level of shared information. It is possible to overcome this problem through the use of an active information provisioning service that allows users to adapt the provisioning of information to their specific needs. This paper presents an extensible information modeling framework and also additional complementary concepts that are designed to enable such an active provisioning service. Furthermore, a high-level architecture for a system that offers the targeted information provisioning service is described.

scholarly journals The Design of Eman, an Experiment Manager

2013 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Bojar ◽  
Aleš Tamchyna
Keyword(s):  
Machine Translation ◽  
Command Line ◽  
Tips And Tricks ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
The Core ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Experiment Management ◽  
Computational Research ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level

Abstract We present eman, a tool for managing large numbers of computational experiments. Over the years of our research in machine translation (MT), we have collected a couple of ideas for efficient experimenting. We believe these ideas are generally applicable in (computational) research of any field. We incorporated them into eman in order to make them available in a command-line Unix environment. The aim of this article is to highlight the core of the many ideas. We hope the text can serve as a collection of experiment management tips and tricks for anyone, regardless their field of study or computer platform they use. The specific examples we provide in eman’s current syntax are less important but they allow us to use concrete terms. The article thus also fills the gap in eman documentation by providing some high-level overview.

scholarly journals Creating the Cicerone Project: seeking closer engagement between livestock producers, research and extension

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sutherland ◽  
J. M. Scott ◽  
G. D. Gray ◽  
R. R. Woolaston
Keyword(s):  
Farming Systems ◽  
Ecosystem Approach ◽  
Steering Committee ◽  
Agricultural Ecosystem ◽  
Industry Funding ◽  
Research Education ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level

A unique project led by livestock producers, called the Cicerone Project, was undertaken on the Northern Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia, following acknowledgement by those producers of a widening gap between them and research and extension information. The overall aim of the project was to co-learn, through a partnership between livestock producers, research, extension and other specialists, how to improve the profitability and sustainability of grazing enterprises in that region. It was hypothesised that closer engagement would help to guide relevant research efforts and also enhance the adoption of research findings. With the support of industry funding and the collaboration of key research, education and extension partners, the inaugural steering committee of the Cicerone Project commissioned a survey of over 300 land managers in the region to explore their research and adoption needs. The survey identified the most important issues and found a high level of commitment to the formation of this producer-led project. Negotiations between all collaborators led to the creation of a Business Plan prepared as the basis for an initial funding period of 5 years. Subsequent reviews of the project allowed for extensions with associated activities over an additional 4 years. In order to study the key farm management alternatives identified from the producer survey, the Cicerone Project Board decided to adopt an agricultural ecosystem approach which conducted studies using three whole-farmlet systems. The farmlet experiment compared three contiguous farmlets by measuring as many aspects of the farm systems as possible using an approach summarised in the motto adopted by the Cicerone Project of ‘compare–measure–learn–adopt’. A wide range of field days and seminars were held over the duration of the project to deliver the results to the producer members. This paper provides an introduction to a Special Issue containing 24 papers which report on the entirety of the project from planning, to execution, results, and reflections on the value obtained from the many research and extension activities, with particular emphasis on the farming systems trial conducted between 2000 and 2006.

The Fluid Dynamics of Turbomachinery Program: Objectives, Organization and Results

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. K. Serovy ◽  
T. H. Okiishi
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
State University ◽  
Good Luck ◽  
Iowa State University ◽  
Original Intent ◽  
Educational Effort ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level

Since 1968, an advanced educational program in the fluid dynamics of turbomachinery has been offered by the ASME Turbomachinery Institute at Iowa State University. Initiated by concerned individuals to help meet the need for high-level, continuing education in this field of specialization, the course appears to be accomplishing its original intent. The success of the program can be attributed to a number of factors including a good faculty, an eager and qualified group of participants, and scholarly surroundings. As might be expected, timely and thoughtful planning, good luck and competent support are also essential. Of the many lessons learned about this kind of educational effort, several seem important enough to report in this paper.

Mapping the field of religious environmental politics

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-363
Author(s):  
Jeremy Kidwell
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Environmental Values ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Personal Belief ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level ◽  
Movement Organizations

Abstract Until fairly recently, consideration of religion has been marginal or even non-existent in the scholarly discourse about environmental politics. Renewed attention to the intersection of these fields has been encouraged by a recent widening in discussions of ‘environmental values’ to include the role of religious institutions and personal belief in forming spiritual environmental values and renewed attention to the place of ethics and religious institutions in global environmental politics. Following a range of historic declarations by religious leaders, the recent encyclical by Pope Francis signalled a new level of integration between Catholic concerns for social and environmental justice. Yet, much of the continued engagement by large environmental NGOs and governments has continued to ignore the complex interrelation of local, intermediate and transnational religious political ecology. In this article, which is based on data gathered during five years of fieldwork, primarily with British Christian REMOs (religious environmental movement organizations), I probe the complexities of political engagement with religious environmentalism which arise from the many different organizational iterations these groups may take. On the basis of such investigation I suggest that effective high-level engagement with REMO groups will be greatly enhanced by a nuanced understanding of the many different shapes that these groups can take, the various scales at which these groups organize, and the unique inflection that political action and group identity can take in a religious context.

Psychological Support of Oncology Nurses: A Role for the Liaison Psychiatrist

1983 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 532-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Taerk
Keyword(s):  
Oncology Nurses ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Head Nurse ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Ward Atmosphere ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
High Motivation ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level ◽  
Relationship Of

This paper describes the working of an oncology nurses coping group which functioned under the guidance of a consultation-liaison psychiatrist at the Toronto General Hospital. Nurses were helped to deal more effectively with the many and varied stresses which they face in treating patients with cancer. As a result ward atmosphere, patient care and inter-staff communication improved. The success of the group was due to a number of factors that included the high motivation of the staff the high level of stress on the ward, the support of the head nurse and the consistent relationship of the consulting psychiatrist. A series of cases are presented to illustrate these points.

Trophy Hunter: Ulrich Seidl’s Portraits and Safari

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-179
Author(s):  
Brad Prager
Keyword(s):  
Documentary Films ◽  
Portrait Photographs ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level

Abstract The Austrian director Ulrich Seidl often films interview subjects as though they were posing for portrait photographs, and Seidl maintains that one of his major influences is the photographer Diane Arbus. This article examines how this high level of control over a film’s frames reveals strategies central to his filmmaking and especially to his documentary films. Seidl is particularly concerned with depicting his subjects’ complicity in the exploitation of labor, as seen in Safari (2016), a film about Austrians who travel to Namibia to hunt and collect trophies. Seidl presents viewers with unforgiving portraits of Austrian tourists, as he employs nearly every one of his trademark techniques to highlight the many contradictions behind his subjects’ perspectives.

Constitutive Modeling of Cartilaginous Tissues: A Review

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeike A. Taylor ◽  
Karol Miller
Keyword(s):  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Macroscopic Models ◽  
Cartilaginous Tissues ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Many ◽  
High Level ◽  
Traditional Approaches

An important and longstanding field of research in orthopedic biomechanics is the elucidation and mathematical modeling of the mechanical response of cartilaginous tissues. Traditional approaches have treated such tissues as continua and have described their mechanical response in terms of macroscopic models borrowed from solid mechanics. The most important of such models are the biphasic and single-phase viscoelastic models, and the many variations thereof. These models have reached a high level of maturity and have been successful in describing a wide range of phenomena. An alternative approach that has received considerable recent interest, both in orthopedic biomechanics and in other fields, is the description of mechanical response based on consideration of a tissue's structure—so-called microstructural modeling. Examples of microstructurally based approaches include fibril-reinforced biphasic models and homogenization approaches. A review of both macroscopic and microstructural constitutive models is given in the present work.

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