(EB) Virus: Latency and Expression in Transplanted and Cultured Human Cells

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 368-369
Author(s):  
B. G. Uzman ◽  
M. M. Kasac ◽  
H. Saito ◽  
A. Krishan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Virus Latency ◽  
Virus Surveillance ◽  
Cultured Human Cells ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Serial Transplantation ◽  
Tubular Arrays

In conjunction with the cultivation and transplantation of cells from human tumors by the Programs of Microbiology and Immunogenetics, virus surveillance by electron microscopy has been routinely employed. Of particular interest in this regard have been 3 cell lines cultured from lymph nodes or spleen of 2 patients with Hodgkin's disease and 1 patient with Letterer-Siwe's disease. Each of these cell lines when transplanted in Syrian hamster neonates conditioned with anti-lymphocyte serum grew as serially transplantable tumors; from such transplants of the 3 cell lines cell cultures were retrieved.Herpes type virus particles (Figs. 1, 2, 3) were found in the primary cultures of all three lines, in frozen thawed aliquots of same, and in cultures retrieved from their tumors growing by serial transplantation in hamsters. No virus was detected in sections of 25 of the serially transplanted tumors. However, in 10 such tumors there were repeated instances of tubular arrays in the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum (Fig. 4). On serologic examination the herpes virus was shown to be the Epstein-Barr virus.

scholarly journals Elevated expression of c-myc in lymphoblastoid cells does not support an Epstein–Barr virus latency III-to-I switch

2001 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 3051-3055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Pajic ◽  
Axel Polack ◽  
Martin S. Staege ◽  
Dimitry Spitkovsky ◽  
Barbara Baier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Type I ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Virus Latency ◽  
Elevated Expression ◽  
Established Cell ◽  
Epstein Barr

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) transforms primary B cells in vitro. Established cell lines adopt a lymphoblastoid phenotype (LCL). In contrast, EBV-positive Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) cells, in which the proto-oncogene c-myc is constitutively activated, do not express a lymphoblastoid phenotype in vivo. The two different phenotypes are paralleled by two distinct programmes of EBV latent gene expression termed latency type I in BL cells and type III in LCL. Human B cell lines were established from a conditional LCL (EREB2-5) by overexpression of c-myc and inactivation of EBV nuclear protein 2 (EBNA2). These cells (A1 and P493-6) adopted a BL phenotype in the absence of EBNA2. However, the EBV latency I promoter Qp was not activated. Instead, the latency III promoter Cp remained active. These data suggest that the induction of a BL phenotype by overexpression of c-myc in an LCL is not necessarily paralleled by an EBV latency III-to-I switch.

scholarly journals The presence of clonogenic cells in high-grade malignant lymphoma: a prognostic factor

Blood ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1307-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Tweeddale ◽  
B Lim ◽  
N Jamal ◽  
J Robinson ◽  
J Zalcberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Lymphoma ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Primary Lymphoma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Lymphoma Sample

Abstract A culture system has been developed that promotes growth of clonogenic lymphoma cells of some patients with intermediate and high-grade malignant lymphoma. The formation of colonies in bone marrow, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood samples is best supported by human plasma. Colony formation of some patients was dependent upon growth factors, which in this study were added in the form of medium conditioned by phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated leukocytes (PHA-LCM). Some gave rise to lymphoma colonies without PHA-LCM but improved their frequency with PHA-LCM; others were completely independent of PHA-LCM. Colonies grown in primary cultures were routinely recloned and propagated as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative cell lines with stable B cell phenotype. The cell lines showed the same immunoglobulin rearrangement pattern as that observed in the primary lymphoma sample. In addition, a significant clinical correlation was observed between culture data and clinical outcome. Survival of patients who formed lymphoma colonies at any time during their clinical course was significantly shorter than survival of patients who did not give rise to colonies (P = 0.0009). The same observation was made when the survival assessment was performed for the subset of patients studied at diagnosis (P = 0.0014).

scholarly journals The presence of clonogenic cells in high-grade malignant lymphoma: a prognostic factor

Blood ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1307-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Tweeddale ◽  
B Lim ◽  
N Jamal ◽  
J Robinson ◽  
J Zalcberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Lymphoma ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Primary Lymphoma ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Lymphoma Sample

A culture system has been developed that promotes growth of clonogenic lymphoma cells of some patients with intermediate and high-grade malignant lymphoma. The formation of colonies in bone marrow, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood samples is best supported by human plasma. Colony formation of some patients was dependent upon growth factors, which in this study were added in the form of medium conditioned by phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated leukocytes (PHA-LCM). Some gave rise to lymphoma colonies without PHA-LCM but improved their frequency with PHA-LCM; others were completely independent of PHA-LCM. Colonies grown in primary cultures were routinely recloned and propagated as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-negative cell lines with stable B cell phenotype. The cell lines showed the same immunoglobulin rearrangement pattern as that observed in the primary lymphoma sample. In addition, a significant clinical correlation was observed between culture data and clinical outcome. Survival of patients who formed lymphoma colonies at any time during their clinical course was significantly shorter than survival of patients who did not give rise to colonies (P = 0.0009). The same observation was made when the survival assessment was performed for the subset of patients studied at diagnosis (P = 0.0014).

scholarly journals Mutually exclusive use of viral promoters in Epstein-Barr virus latently infected lymphocytes

1989 ◽  
Vol 86 (17) ◽  
pp. 6498-6502 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Woisetschlaeger ◽  
J L Strominger ◽  
S H Speck
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Transcriptional Unit ◽  
Cdna Clones ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Virus Latency ◽  
Viral Promoters ◽  
Latently Infected ◽  
Epstein Barr

Of the eight viral antigens known to be expressed during Epstein-Barr virus latency, six are transcribed from a major rightward transcriptional unit, which gives rise to mRNAs containing common 5' exons. Analysis of cDNA clones has identified the use of two different promoters (Wp and Cp), located near the left-hand end of the viral genome, in generating these viral messages. Characterization of the activities of these two viral promoters in a number of Burkitt lymphoma and lymphoblastoid cell lines has revealed exclusive usage of only one of these promoters in all cell lines examined. Transfection of reporter constructs containing Wp and/or Cp linked to the bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene into several different Epstein-Barr virus-infected cell lines generally supports a model in which the mutually exclusive use of Cp or Wp is determined by cellular factors and not by viral strain variation.

A Quantitative Ultrastructural Study of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Containing Parallel Tubular Arrays in Epstein-Barr Virus and Cytomegalo-Virus Mononucleosis

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
C. M. Payne ◽  
P. M. Tennican
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Clinical State ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Tubular Arrays

In the normal peripheral circulation there exists a sub-population of lymphocytes which is ultrastructurally distinct. This lymphocyte is identified under the electron microscope by the presence of cytoplasmic microtubular-like inclusions called parallel tubular arrays (PTA) (Figure 1), and contains Fc-receptors for cytophilic antibody. In this study, lymphocytes containing PTA (PTA-lymphocytes) were quantitated from serial peripheral blood specimens obtained from two patients with Epstein -Barr Virus mononucleosis and two patients with cytomegalovirus mononucleosis. This data was then correlated with the clinical state of the patient.It was determined that both the percentage and absolute number of PTA- lymphocytes was highest during the acute phase of the illness. In follow-up specimens, three of the four patients' absolute lymphocyte count fell to within normal limits before the absolute PTA-lymphocyte count.In one patient who was followed for almost a year, the absolute PTA- lymphocyte count was consistently elevated (Figure 2). The estimation of absolute PTA-lymphocyte counts was determined to be valid after a morphometric analysis of the cellular areas occupied by PTA during the acute and convalescent phases of the disease revealed no statistical differences.

scholarly journals Production and nucleotide sequence of an inhibitory human IgM autoantibody directed against platelet glycoprotein Ia/IIa

Blood ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1968-1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Deckmyn ◽  
J Zhang ◽  
E Van Houtte ◽  
J Vermylen
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Gene Segment ◽  
Platelet Glycoprotein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Germline Gene ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Human B Cell

Abstract Human B-cell lines were derived by limiting dilutions of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformed peripheral B cells from a patient with an autoantibody against glycoprotein (GP)Ia/IIa, and manifesting defective collagen-induced platelet aggregation and a bleeding problem. Antibody- producing clones were selected for their reactivity with whole platelets or with affinity-purified GPIa/IIa by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One of these cell lines, selected for further evaluation, produced an IgM (E3G6) that interfered with platelet aggregation responses. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications with two different sets of primers specific for human kappa-chains resulted in the rescue of a unique and identical sequence. The same was true for the mu-chain, from which it was concluded that the cell line was monoclonal. Further analysis showed that the kappa variable domain sequence is similar to the germline gene A30, to 2E7, an anti-GPIIb human autoantibody, and to HF2–1/17, a systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-associated broad-specificity human autoantibody. Thus, the specificity of our antibody, E3G6, appears to be determined by the mu-chain, the sequence of which is encoded by a VHIII gene segment strongly homologous to the germline gene DP-77, by a D gene that is not homologous to any of the germline D genes reported to date, and by JH4 gene segment that is germline. All four mutations versus DP- 77 are in CDRs, and result in amino acid substitutions, which implies that E3G6 may have been derived from an antigen-driven response.

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