Age-related Deficits in Intentional Memory for Spatial Location in Small-scale Space: A Meta-Analysis and Methodological Critique

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-367
Author(s):  
Pierre Foisy
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Scale Space ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Age Related

RÉSUMÉLe but de cette méta-analyse était d'estimer l'effet du vieillissement sur la mémoire intentionnelle de locations dans un espace de petite dimension. Les résultats de 22 études, représentant au total 1 598 sujets, ont été comparés grâce aux indices suivante: (a) d (Cohen, 1988), (b) omega2 (Hays, 1963), et (c) Proportion des sujets classifiés. La méta-analyse suggére que l'effet du vieillissement est «large» (e.g., d moyen de 0.81), et que cet effet est proportionnel au nombre de dimensions de l'espace utilisé. Toutefois, la validité de ces conclusions est incertaine lorsqu'on considére les limites méthodologiques des études recensées. En particulier, moins de la moitié de ces études ont mentionné avoir contrôlé l'effet possible de variables telles que (a) l'acuité visuelle, et (b) la durée de la phase de rappel. Il est proposé que compte de ces variables exogénes.

scholarly journals Comparative efficacy and safety of different regimens of ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e040906
Author(s):  
Xinyu Zhao ◽  
Lihui Meng ◽  
Youxin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectiveTo give a comprehensive efficacy and safety ranking of different therapeutic regimens of ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).DesignA systematic review and network meta-analysis.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and other clinical trial registries were searched up to 1 October 2019 to identify related randomised controlled trials (RCT) of different regimens of ranibizumab for nAMD. The primary efficacy outcome was the changes of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at 1 year, the primary safety outcome was the incidence of severe ocular adverse events. Secondary outcomes such as changes of central retinal thickness (CRT) were evaluated. We estimated the standardised mean difference (SMD), ORs, 95% CIs, the surface under the cumulative ranking curves and the mean ranks for each outcome using network meta-analyses with random effects by Stata 14.0.ResultsWe identified 26 RCTs involving 10 821 patients with nAMD randomly assigned to 21 different therapeutic regimens of ranibizumab or sham treatment. Ranibizumab 0.5 mg (treat and extend, T&E) is most effective in terms of changes of BCVA (letters, SMD=21.41, 95% CI 19.86 to 22.95) and three or more lines of BCVA improvement (OR=2.83, 95% CI 1.27 to 4.38). However, it could not significantly reduce retreatment times compared with monthly injection (SMD=−0.94, 95% CI −2.26 to 0.39). Ranibizumab 0.5 mg (3+pro re nata)+non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is most effective in reducing CRT and port delivery system of ranibizumab (100 mg/mL) could reduce the number of retreatment most significantly. All regimes have no more risk of severe ocular complications (including vitreous haemorrhage, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, endophthalmitis, retinal tear and retinal pigment epithelium tear) or cardiocerebral vascular complications.ConclusionsRanibizumab 0.5 mg (T&E) is most effective in improving the visual outcome. The administration of topical NSAIDs could achieve additional efficacy in CRT reduction and visual improvement. Both interventions had acceptable risks of adverse events.

scholarly journals Beta-binomial models for meta-analysis with binary outcomes: Variations, extensions, and additional insights from econometrics

2021 ◽  
pp. 263208432199622
Author(s):  
Tim Mathes ◽  
Oliver Kuss
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Study ◽  
Count Data ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Binary Outcomes ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Panel Count Data ◽  
Count Data Models ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background Meta-analysis of systematically reviewed studies on interventions is the cornerstone of evidence based medicine. In the following, we will introduce the common-beta beta-binomial (BB) model for meta-analysis with binary outcomes and elucidate its equivalence to panel count data models. Methods We present a variation of the standard “common-rho” BB (BBST model) for meta-analysis, namely a “common-beta” BB model. This model has an interesting connection to fixed-effect negative binomial regression models (FE-NegBin) for panel count data. Using this equivalence, it is possible to estimate an extension of the FE-NegBin with an additional multiplicative overdispersion term (RE-NegBin), while preserving a closed form likelihood. An advantage due to the connection to econometric models is, that the models can be easily implemented because “standard” statistical software for panel count data can be used. We illustrate the methods with two real-world example datasets. Furthermore, we show the results of a small-scale simulation study that compares the new models to the BBST. The input parameters of the simulation were informed by actually performed meta-analysis. Results In both example data sets, the NegBin, in particular the RE-NegBin showed a smaller effect and had narrower 95%-confidence intervals. In our simulation study, median bias was negligible for all methods, but the upper quartile for median bias suggested that BBST is most affected by positive bias. Regarding coverage probability, BBST and the RE-NegBin model outperformed the FE-NegBin model. Conclusion For meta-analyses with binary outcomes, the considered common-beta BB models may be valuable extensions to the family of BB models.

scholarly journals Establishing reference values for age-related spermatogonial quantity in prepubertal human testes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (7) ◽  
pp. 1652-1657.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ieva Masliukaite ◽  
Julie M. Hagen ◽  
Kirsi Jahnukainen ◽  
Jan-Bernd Stukenborg ◽  
Sjoerd Repping ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Related

scholarly journals The Association Between Complement Component 2/Complement Factor B Polymorphisms and Age-related Macular Degeneration: A HuGE Review and Meta-Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 176 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ammarin Thakkinstian ◽  
Mark McEvoy ◽  
Usha Chakravarthy ◽  
Subhabrata Chakrabarti ◽  
Gareth J. McKay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Complement Component ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Complement Factor ◽  
Factor B ◽  
Complement Factor B ◽  
Age Related
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