scholarly journals Rethinking the Role of the Speaker: Power, Institutional Development, and the Myth of the “Impartial Moderator” in the Early US House of Representatives

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
DANIEL PEART
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Party Government ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe early Speakers of the US House of Representatives, most historians and political scientists have agreed, aspired only to facilitate legislative business; the office served as an “impartial moderator,” its functions were “largely ceremonial,” and its occupants of no more consequence than a mere “traffic cop.” This article challenges that conclusion by presenting episodes from the tenures of four early Speakers—Jonathan Dayton, Theodore Sedgwick, Nathaniel Macon, and Joseph B. Varnum—to illustrate their contributions to debates that still occupy us today: the relationship between Congress and president; the scope of federal power; the extent of constitutional freedoms; and the functions and limitations of party government. At a moment when scholars are showing renewed interest in the historical mechanics of lawmaking, this article argues for reinserting the Speakership back into the heart of that process, where it has always belonged.

scholarly journals Внешняя политика США в восприятии и оценках современного американского общества

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Лариса ГАРУСОВА
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Past ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
The Us ◽  
Informational Basis ◽  
American Research ◽  
American Society ◽  
The Relationship

Анализируется взаимосвязь и корреляция современной внешнеполитической стратегии США с общественной рефлексией на неё. Информационной основой работы являются результаты социологических опросов ведущих американских исследовательских центров, статистические данные, статьи, официальные документы. Прослежена связь официальных внешнеполитических доктрин и мнения американских граждан в отношении России и Китая. Выявлена корреляция между усилением антикитайских настроений в США за последние два года и появлением новой официальной стратегии Вашингтона в отношении КНР («Стратегический подход США к КНР») от 20 мая 2020 г. внешняя политика, США, стратегия, рефлексия, общественное мнение, Россия, Китай, национальная безопасность This article analyzes the relationship and correlation of the US modern foreign policy strategy with public reflection on it. Washington's active foreign policy and US claims to the role of world leader are supported by American society in recent decades. The informational basis of this work is the analysis of the sociological surveys of leading American research centers, statistics, academic articles, as well as official documents on the studied issues. The study revealed the peculiarities of the perception of traditional and new threats to national and international security by the American elite and society. The author traces the connection between official foreign policy doctrines and the opinions of American citizens regarding Russia and China. A correlation was found between the strengthening of anti-Chinese sentiment in the US over the past two years and the appearance of a new official strategy of Washington towards the PRC (“United States Strategic Approach to The People’s Republic of China”) in May 20, 2020. foreign policy, USA, strategy, reflection, public opinion, Russia, China, national security

Effects of culture and social cynicism on anxious attachment transference from mother to partner

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1253-1265
Author(s):  
Yueran Wen ◽  
Liu Liu ◽  
Chunyong Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Cultural Variables ◽  
The Us ◽  
Social Cynicism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Attachment To Mother

We examined the role of culture and social cynicism beliefs in the transference of an anxious attachment style from mother to romantic partner among a group of undergraduates from the US (n = 200) and Hong Kong (n = 147). The results showed that anxious attachment to mother and to partner was moderately correlated among both cultural groups. However, social cynicism beliefs were found to moderate the relationship between anxious attachment to mother and attachment to partner among U.S. but not Hong Kong Chinese participants. This observed differential effect of social cynicism beliefs could be explained by differences in self-direction values across the 2 cultural groups. The findings in the study are of theoretical significance as they provide insights for further research on the influences of cultural variables and personal beliefs on attachment transference.

Derivatives, Money, Finance and Imperialism: A Response to Bryan and Rafferty

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Norfield
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Financial Trading ◽  
The Us ◽  
Commodity Money ◽  
Financial Derivative ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Derivatives Markets ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper contributes to the debate on the role of financial derivatives for capitalism. It responds to Bryan and Rafferty’s defence of their analysis and their critique of my own. The paper argues that their analysis confuses what a financial derivative does, and mixes together different kinds of derivative – and non-derivative – that play very different roles. After detailing these points, the paper discusses the relationship between gold, money and derivatives, rejecting their notion that derivatives are some kind of new ‘commodity money’. An important theme absent from Bryan and Rafferty’s analysis is the relationship of financial trading and derivatives markets to parasitism in the imperialist world economy. To illustrate this, the paper notes advantages enjoyed by the major financial powers – the US and the UK – that are the main centres for the origination of derivatives and for derivatives trading.

scholarly journals Kindergarten Obesity and Academic Achievement: The Mediating Role of Weight Bias

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baeksan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Weight Bias ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Weight Discrimination ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Us ◽  
Mediating Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

This study draws the attention towards the importance of reducing weight discrimination against children for their educational success, as an issue of social justice. We investigate the consequences of early-onset obesity identifying the mediating mechanisms in the relationship between childhood obesity and academic achievement. To do so, we employ the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort (kindergarten to fifth grade) in the US (ECLS-K: 2011) and apply a parallel process latent growth model with a combination of quasi-experiments and econometrics. The results of this study suggest that teachers may serve as a significant source of weight bias, especially for girls (B = −0.09, 95% BC CI [−2.37 to −0.46]).

scholarly journals What You Probably Didn't Know about Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON) 

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Guala
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Species Occurrence ◽  
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ◽  
Exact Role ◽  
Occurrence Data ◽  
The Us ◽  
Significant Augmentation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biodiversity Information

Biodiversity Information Serving Our Nation (BISON - bison.usgs.gov) is the US Node application for the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and the most comprehensive source of species occurrence data for the United States of America. It currently contains more than 460 million records and provides significant augmentation and integration of US occurrence data in terrestrial, marine and freshwater systems. Publicly released in 2013, BISON has generated a large community of stakeholders and they have passed on a lot of questions over the years through email ([email protected]), presentations and other means. In this presentation, some of the most common questions will be addressed in detail. For example: why all BISON data isn't in GBIF; how is BISON different from GBIF; what is the relationship between BISON and other US providers to GBIF; and what is the exact role of the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS - www.itis.gov) in BISON.

Credit and the Labour Share: Evidence from US States

2020 ◽  
Vol 130 (630) ◽  
pp. 1782-1816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslı Leblebicioğlu ◽  
Ariel Weinberger
Keyword(s):  
Financial Development ◽  
Financial Frictions ◽  
Us States ◽  
Banking Deregulation ◽  
Interstate Banking ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Labour Share ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract We investigate the role of credit markets as a cause for changes in the US labour share. Causal evidence is provided that the labour share declined between 0.8 and 1.2 percentage points following the interstate banking deregulation, explaining more than half of the overall reduction during that period. The lower costs of credit and greater bank competition in each state are mechanisms that led to the decline. To quantify the relationship between credit and factor payments, we calibrate a model with financial frictions and highlight financial development as a potential channel for the reduction in labour share observed globally.

The Role of Advance Purchasing Commitments in Government Drug Price Negotiations: Lessons From the COVID-19 Response

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e6
Author(s):  
Mariana P. Socal ◽  
Gerard F. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
Drug Costs ◽  
Recent Proposal ◽  
The Us ◽  
Lower Drug ◽  
Price Negotiations ◽  
Prescription Drug Costs

Among the various approaches to address rising prescription drug costs, one option is to allow the federal government to negotiate prices directly with drug manufacturers. Debates over the appropriate negotiating approach have occurred on several dimensions,1 including the number of drugs eligible for negotiation, the levers that would be implemented to obtain lower prices, the incentives necessary to ensure that all parties negotiate in good faith, and what specific populations should have access to the negotiated price. In 2019, the US House of Representatives passed the most recent proposal to allow the federal government to negotiate prices—H.R.3, The Elijah E. Cummings Lower Drug Costs Now Act—reflecting policy decisions on many of these issues.2 (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print January 28, 2021: e1–e6. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.306109 )

Sweating the Vote: Heat and Abstention in the US House of Representatives

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (01) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Cohen
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Legislative Behavior ◽  
Voting Turnout ◽  
Mass Public ◽  
Summer Heat ◽  
The Us ◽  
Elite Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractSeveral recent studies noted systematic links between weather conditions and voting turnout amid the mass public. This article extends this logic to the elite level by exploring the relationship between summer heat and abstentions in the US House of Representatives. In controlled multivariate regressions, heat is a significant predictor of abstentions across all votes held between 1991 and 2000. This finding provides new insight into legislative behavior as well as the motivation behind some abstentions, which could inform the understanding of the literature on legislative shirking.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document