Informational basis of Ukrainian financial security management in conditions of sustainable development

The purpose of the article is to decide the possibilities of Ukrainian financial security management in the conditions of military and political instability through adaptation of the indicators for the current methodology of the state financial security calculating in order to achieve the goals of sustainable development. The authors use general scientific and special methods, in particular dialectical, abstract logical, system analysis, economic and statistical. The authors in terms of the system approach and the allocation of material and information basis consider financial security. The authors formalize the process of informational support for the management of state financial security. Analysis of statistical data suggests that the determination of the Ukrainian financial security takes place because of political and military instability. Every component of financial safety includes factor of war influence, which as a result correlates the integral index of financial safety. The authors investigate factors that include expenditures for army forces support, aggressor state exchange rate expenditures, volume of monetary mass of the aggressor state in national economics, participation of the aggressor state capital in the banking capital structure, volume of financial resources loss of the aggressor-state.

Developing the Innovation Ecosystem of a Large Enterprise

Aim. The presented study aims to verify the author’s analytical model for assessing the development of the innovation ecosystem of a large enterprise.Tasks. The author describes the problems of assessing the level of development of innovative ecosystems; considers the relationship between the indicators of ecosystem dynamics (characterizing the stakeholders of the ecosystem) and the growth rate of production of innovative goods; reveals the specific features of ecosystem management, particularly with regard to interaction with ecosystem stakeholders as a factor in the ecosystem’s development.Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of this study includes scientific publications on ecosystem genesis and assessment of the development of socio-economic ecosystems. Regression analysis is used to calculate the degree of connectivity between the previously selected indicators affecting the dynamics of production of innovative goods. The informational basis of the study consists of indicators of financial and economic activity of a large industrial enterprise in the Sverdlovsk region as well as indicators characterizing interaction with its stakeholders.Results. Development indicators of the innovation ecosystem of a large enterprise are calculated for 2013-2019 based on its stakeholder decomposition. Factors that are closely linked to the potential aggregate indicator of innovation ecosystem development are identified, and ways to make their analysis less complicated are outlined.Conclusions. Testing of the analytical model for assessing the development of the innovation ecosystem of a high-tech enterprise has revealed the irreducibility of the integral indicator of innovation ecosystem development to the production of new goods. The importance of developing an ecosystem management technology is substantiated.

Informational basis for assessing the resource potential of agricultural land

The authors consider an array of information that can become the basis for assessing the resource potential of a field, a land parcel, or a municipality. The article analyzes possible information sources to determine the values of soil, natural, production or market potential, as well as the potential of location. The authors made the conclusions about the differences in the collection of initial information to determine the resource potential at different territorial levels.

USE OF GIS TECHNOLOGIES FOR INVENTORY OF PROTECTED AREAS OF SYRIA

The article presents the result of using GIS for collecting, processing and storing distributed data on specially protected natural areas (SPNA) in the Syrian Arab Republic. The emergence of GIS, using a huge amount of data, has greatly simplified the process of studying protected areas, assessing their spatial size and geographical location, identifying their characteristics and processes of their development and structuring. With the advent of GIS, monitoring of such objects has become more accurate and flexible. This article describes the experience of using the freeware GIS for systematization of information about the protected areas of Syria. The procedure for creating a digital map of the protected areas of Syria is outlined, the main elements of its thematic content are described. The created digital map is an informational basis for the design and development of the monitoring system for the SPNA in Syria.

Domestic realities of reinsurance

Reinsurance is a guarantor and catalyst for the development of the insurance market, it increases its capacity and financial security. The aim of the article is to study the current trends of reinsurance in Ukraine, identify the main problems in their implementation and formulate appropriate areas for their solution. The works of domestic and foreign scientists in the field of reinsurance have become a theoretical and informational basis for writing the article. This study was conducted by implementing methods of analysis and synthesis, theoretical generalization, comparative analysis, statistical and graphical methods. There is no single approach among Ukrainian reinsurance researchers regarding the use of basic reinsurance terms. It is important to use the correct reinsurance terminology, which is clearly defined in Ukrainian legislation, distinguishing between the concepts of "actions of the primary reinsurer" and "actions of the reinsurer" in reinsurance. At present, domestic insurers mostly reinsure their risks in "parent companies" or foreign reinsurers, paying almost a third of the reinsurance premiums involved. Ukrainian reinsurance is characterized by the fact that reinsurance premiums are paid mainly to resident reinsurers, while the majority of insurance payments are made by non-resident reinsurers. Domestic insurers are reinsuring the risks of primary non-resident insurers, but this activity is not yet so successful. A potential direction for the further development of reinsurance in Ukraine is the creation by the state, or with its participation, of a national reinsurance company or a Ukrainian reinsurance pool using modern financial products and technological innovations. As a result of the transfer of powers to supervise the activities of insurers to the NBU, we can expect effective changes in the legislative provision of insurance and reinsurance activities based on world experience, implementation of Solvency II and improving the quality of insurance and reinsurance activities by insurance market participants

ASSESSMENT AND DOCUMENTATION OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC TRANSACTIONS IN TERMS OF RISK

Identification, documenting and reliable assessment of risks of an enterprise foreign economic activity is a prerequisite for effective and stable operation of a business entity. The need to reflect the consequences of risks of foreign economic activity and measures undertaken to minimize them in order to avoid losses and negative results from foreign economic transactions necessitated the development of a risk-oriented accounting system of foreign economic activity of an entity. The article presents the main components of a risk-oriented accounting system. With the purpose of forming a proper documentation of foreign economic transactions in terms of risk, the forms of primary and consolidated documents are proposed. The usage of the devised forms of primary documents provides the formation of the essential informational basis to assess their impact on the performance of the enterprise. In order to reflect properly the consequences of risks and measures taken to minimize them, the main methods of assessing the risks of foreign economic activity are identified and methodological support for quantitative assessment of foreign trade risks is proposed, taking into account the probability of their occurrence and impact on foreign trade performance.

Why are there so few hard facts about the impact of cluster policies in Germany? A critical review of evaluation studies

Based on empirical findings on the effects of cluster policies in Germany, this paper scrutinises the available knowledge on cluster policies impact. There is a growing body of insights on direct effects of policy measures on cluster actors, cluster organisations and innovation networks of the promoted clusters. For some industries such as biotechnology, there are indications that cluster policies had a substantial influence on the formation of new firms and emerging sectoral structures. While the available information seems to support the hypothesis that cluster policies can provide positive impulses for the development of clusters, the actual knowledge on far-reaching impacts of cluster policies on economic structures and processes is still rather limited. The paper asks for the reasons of this knowledge gap between expectations placed in cluster policies and the available evidence on their impact. We identify five reasons: (i) problems in addressing the systemic nature of cluster policy interventions and their effects, (ii) deficiencies regarding the methodologies used, (iii) a lacking informational basis, (iv) practical contexts (e.g., a lack of interest of policy makers) leading to deficiencies in incentive mechanisms and (v) the limited transferability of evaluation results to other cluster policy contexts. For future evaluations, we propose among others the use of system-related approaches to impact analyses based on mixed-method designs as well as comparative case studies based on new methods like process tracing. In order to improve the incentives for evaluators, an increasing awareness of policy makers about the relevance of evaluation studies would be important.

RISK MANAGEMENT AT THE ENTERPRISES OF AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

The article deals with the problem of risk management at agricultural enterprises, which is currently not given sufficient attention, although this issue is one of the most urgent during the crisis. In modern conditions, some agricultural enterprises are barely surviving and issues of risk assessment and management are becoming a priority. Enterprises of agro-industrial complex face a large number of risks every day and the result of the enterprise's activity largely depends on an adequate response to them. Unaccounted risks are very dangerous for the company. They lead to lower profits, losses and, in the worst case, to the bankruptcy of the company. This situation makes enterprises of agro-industrial complex vulnerable, especially in the current unstable economic situation. Some enterprises of agro-industrial complex , especially small businesses, are barely surviving, and proper risk assessment and management is of paramount importance. The purpose of this study is to try to optimize risks at the LLC «Iskra», which produces and sells agricultural products in Krasnoyarsk and in the Krasnoyarsk region. For this purpose, we studied: the financial condition of the enterprise, the main indicators of its activity, the main directions of risks for the enterprise, and proposed measures to reduce risks. As an informational basis, we used research by Russian scientists on the studied issue, statistical industry information, and reporting materials of the studied organization.

FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF ACCOUNTING POLICY OF TRADE ENTERPRISES

Purpose. The aim of the article is the development of separate elements and stages of accounting policy of trade enterprises taking into account their adaptation to the international standards of accounting and financial reporting. Methodology of research. The theoretical and informational basis of the study were the works of leading economists in the field of accounting, as well as national and international standards of accounting and financial reporting. In the process of research general and special methods were used, in particular: the method of classification allowed to differentiate the main components of accounting of trade enterprises, and the method of description gave them a detailed description; the monographic method is used in the study of literature sources on the creation of the main aspects of the accounting policy of commercial enterprises; the system and analytical method is applied at processing of the received information. Findings. Approaches to determining the peculiarities of trade enterprises and accounting are considered. Identification characteristics and values for drawing up the accounting policy of trade enterprises are substantiated. The main problems that arise when compiling the accounting policy of commercial enterprises are identified. The place of accounting policy in the accounting and analytical system of trade enterprises is determined. Options for organizing the accounting policy of commercial enterprises in compliance with international standards of accounting and financial reporting are considered. Originality. The peculiarities of the organization of the accounting policy of trade enterprises with observance of the international standards of accounting and financial reporting are substantiated. Practical value. The obtained theoretical and applied recommendations can be used to improve existing approaches to the accounting policy of commercial enterprises. Key words: trade enterprise, accounting policy, stages of development, elements of accounting, development technology, reporting, accounting standards.