Faecal contamination and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in street-vended chili sauces in Mexico and its public health relevance

The street-vended food industry provides employment and cheap ready-to-eat meals to a large proportion of the population in developing countries like Mexico, yet little is known about its role in the transmission of food borne diseases (FBD). Because of its wide consumption, street-vended chili sauces in Mexico are potential vehicles of FBD. An observational study was performed in Mexico City collecting 43 street-vended chili sauces. These sauces were prepared under poor hygienic conditions of handling and selling. Consumers add 4–8 ml of chili sauce per taco, ingest 2–5 tacos per meal and on average, 50 consumers frequent a stall per day. Seventeen (40%) samples were faecally contaminated and 2(5%) sauces harboured sufficient enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli to cause disease. We estimate that the consumption of only one of these chili sauces could result in ETEC disease in at least 21000 consumers per year, making them important potential vehicles of FBD.

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1923 - Genomic biodiversity associated with twelve traits of environmental, biotechnological and public health relevance in Escherichia coli

10.26226/morressier.5b519851b1b87b000ecee039 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Peter Bergholz

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Escherichia Coli ◽

Health Relevance

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The importance of an early alert from the Microbiology Laboratory and multidisciplinary collaboration during a suspected salmonellosis outbreak

Microbiologia Medica ◽

10.4081/mm.2017.6275 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Adriano Anesi ◽

Maria Lucia Panceri ◽

Sara Asticcioli ◽

Dominga Baroni ◽

Vanina Rognoni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Food Industry ◽

Large Scale ◽

Regulatory Agencies ◽

Local Health ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Food Borne ◽

Local Health Service ◽

Sporadic Cases

Background and aims. Salmonellosis is one of the most common and widely distributed food-borne diseases. The increasing complexity and globalization of the food industry are causing an increase of some of these large-scale food-borne illnesses, thus there is a need for improvements in public health signal detection and communication streams between laboratories and regulatory agencies. The aim of this study is to show how the early reporting of salmonellosis cases directly from the Laboratory of Microbiology to the Local Health Service Infectious Diseases Office along with the prompt response of the ASL, and the rapid involvement of the Local Veterinary Prevention Department resulted in an improved individuation and investigation of a suspected food-borne outbreak with anomalous manifestation. Materials and methods. From August to November 2014 the early warning from the Laboratory of Microbiology regarding Salmonella spp. isolates with the identical serogroup and antibiotic resistance phenotype, allowed for prompt identification of a food-borne infection. Results and conclusions. The genotyping analysis suggested that over the period considered there was more than a single monophasic Salmonella typhimurium isolate: one responsible for the sporadic cases that occurred in September and October, and another in November.

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Detection of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Rotavirus-Infected Ghanaian Children Diagnosed with Acute Gastroenteritis

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.4269/ajtmh.21-0717 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bartholomew Dzudzor ◽

Albert Amenyedor ◽

Vincent Amarh ◽

George E. Armah

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Surveillance Study ◽

Vaccination Program ◽

E Coli ◽

Rotavirus Vaccination ◽

Stool Samples ◽

Global Health Problem ◽

Vaccine Surveillance

Diarrhea is a notable global health problem in several developing countries, especially in children. Prior to the introduction of the rotavirus vaccination program in Ghana, a surveillance study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of the disease caused by rotavirus in children. In this report, we re-used archival stool samples from the pre-vaccine surveillance study to provide information on prevalence of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Ghanaian children. Re-analysis of the stool samples revealed co-infection of enterotoxigenic E. coli and rotavirus in 2% of the children whose samples were selected for this study. As Ghana is approaching 10 years post-implementation of the rotavirus vaccination program, the preliminary data presented in this report are a vital reference for subsequent studies aimed at ascertaining the effect of the vaccine on both rotavirus and enterotoxigenic E. coli.

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Concurrent Outbreaks of Shigella sonnei and Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infections Associated with Parsley: Implications for Surveillance and Control of Foodborne Illness†

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-66.4.535 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 535-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 102

Author(s):

TIMOTHY S. NAIMI ◽

JULIE H. WICKLUND ◽

SONJA J. OLSEN ◽

GERARD KRAUSE ◽

JOY G. WELLS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Escherichia Coli ◽

Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Distribution Networks ◽

Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Shigella Sonnei ◽

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Health Concern ◽

Foodborne Disease ◽

Pulsed Field

In recent years, the globalization of the food supply and the development of extensive food distribution networks have increased the risk of foodborne disease outbreaks involving multiple states or countries. In particular, outbreaks associated with fresh produce have emerged as an important public health concern. During July and August 1998, eight restaurant-associated outbreaks of shigellosis caused by a common strain of Shigella sonnei occurred in the United States and Canada. The outbreak strain was characterized by unique pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. Epidemiologic investigation determined that the illness was associated with the ingestion of parsley at four restaurants; at the other four restaurants, the majority of the people who contracted the illness ate parsley. Isolates from patrons in two unrelated restaurant-associated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) outbreaks in Minnesota shared a common serotype and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern. Parsley was the implicated or suspected source of both ETEC outbreaks. In each of the outbreak-associated restaurants, parsley was chopped, held at room temperature, and used as an ingredient or garnish for multiple dishes. Infected food workers at several restaurants may also have contributed to the propagation of the outbreak. The sources of parsley served in outbreak-associated restaurants were traced, and a 1,600-acre farm in Baja California, Mexico, was identified as a likely source of the parsley implicated in six of the seven Shigella outbreaks and as a possible source of the parsley implicated in the two ETEC outbreaks. Global food supplies and large distribution networks demand strengthened laboratory and epidemiologic capacity to enable state and local public health agencies to conduct foodborne disease surveillance and to promote effective responses to multistate outbreaks.

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Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Food-Borne Disease Outbreaks in Yazd Province of Iran during 2012-2016

Journal of Food Quality and Hazards Control ◽

10.29252/jfqhc.5.4.7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 154-160

Author(s):

F. Aminharati ◽

M.H. Ehrampoush ◽

M.M. Soltan Dallal ◽

A.A. Dehghani Tafti ◽

M. Yaseri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Food Borne

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Prevalence of diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli in children from León, Nicaragua

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.007369-0 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 630-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Samuel Vilchez ◽

Daniel Reyes ◽

Margarita Paniagua ◽

Filemon Bucardo ◽

Roland Möllby ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Escherichia Coli ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Infant Mortality ◽

Health Problem ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Diarrhoeal Disease ◽

Severe Diarrhoea ◽

E Coli ◽

Faecal Samples

Diarrhoeal disease is a public health problem worldwide, mostly affecting children in developing countries. In Nicaragua, diarrhoea is the second greatest cause of infant mortality. During the period March 2005 to September 2006, a total of 526 faecal samples from children aged 0–60 months (381 with and 145 without diarrhoea) from León, Nicaragua, were studied. In order to detect five different diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes simultaneously [enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)], a mixture of eight primer pairs was used in a single PCR. At least one diarrhoeagenic E. coli pathotype was detected in 205 samples (53.8 %) of the diarrhoea group and in 77 samples (53.1 %) in the non-diarrhoea group. ETEC was detected significantly more often in children with diarrhoea (20.5 %) than in children without diarrhoea (8.3 %) (P=0.001). Atypical EPEC, EIEC and EAEC were detected with slightly lower frequencies in children with (16.0, 0.8 and 27.8 %, respectively) than in children without (20.7, 1.4 and 33.1 %, respectively) diarrhoea. EHEC was only detected in children with diarrhoea (2.1 %). In conclusion, ETEC continues to be an important agent associated with diarrhoea in children from León, Nicaragua. Although not very frequent, the only findings that were 100 % associated with diarrhoea were ETEC estA (4.7 %) and EHEC (2.1 %). Nevertheless, EAEC and EPEC were also frequent pathotypes in the population under study. In children with severe diarrhoea, more than half had EAEC, ETEC or EPEC, and EAEC was the most prevalent pathotype.

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Protective effect of Bifidobacterium bifidium FSDJN7O5 and Bifidobacterium breve FHNFQ23M3 on diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/d1fo00504a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bo Yang ◽

Zheng Huang ◽

Zhujun He ◽

Yue Yue ◽

Yonghua Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Mice Model ◽

Bifidobacterium Breve ◽

Traveler’S Diarrhea ◽

Traveler's Diarrhea

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the main bacterial cause for diarrhea among children in the developing countries and traveler’s diarrhea. In this study, mice model was used to evaluate the...

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Microbiological Characterization of Grilled Meat “Tchatchanga” in Cotonou (Southern Benin): Enumeration, Isolation and Resistance Profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb11110274 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 39-44

Author(s):

Ousmane ASSIM ◽

Victorien T. DOUGNON ◽

Nicodème W. CHABI ◽

Jerrold A. AGBANKPE ◽

Alidah V. ANIAMBOSSOU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Developing Countries ◽

Food Safety ◽

Strain Resistance ◽

Resistance Profile ◽

Food Borne ◽

The City ◽

Southern Benin

Collective food-borne diseases are the reason for a considerable number of deaths in developing countries. The contamination of meat is often noticed. The purpose of the present study was to enumerate, isolate and evaluate the resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in grilled meat consumed in Southern Benin. To achieve this goal, 30 thirty samples of grilled meat “Tchatchanga” were collected in three districts of the city of Cotonou. After collection, the samples were identified, stored in a cooler containing cold accumulator’s and sent to the laboratory for analysis. The resistance profile of the different isolated strains was then sought: 30% of the samples were contaminated with Escherichia coli and 100% with Staphylococci. In terms of hygienic quality, 70% of the samples were of unsatisfactory. Of the 30 staphylococcal strains, 11 were identified as Staphylococcus aureus. Regarding the strain resistance profile, 88.89% of the Escherichia coli strains were multi-resistant compared to 72.72% of Staphylococcus aureus. This study revealed the necessity of urgent actions to ensure food safety in Benin.

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Inspecting inspection reports, does the type of restaurant change the risk?

BCIT Environmental Public Health Journal ◽

10.47339/ephj.2014.153 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Paul Cseke ◽

BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health ◽

Helen Heacock ◽

Bobby Sidhu ◽

Lorraine McIntyre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Food Safety ◽

Food Industry ◽

Front Line ◽

Food Borne ◽

Metro Vancouver ◽

Different Types ◽

Food Borne Illness ◽

Critical Violations ◽

Hazard Rating

Background An estimated of 4 million Canadians (one in eight people) become ill every year from a food-borne illness (Thomas et al., 2013). The economic and social burdens of these illnesses are vast. As restaurants are a big sector of the food industry, improving their food safety would reduce the risk of food-borne illnesses. Environmental Health Officers (EHOs) are on the front line, educating restaurant operators in order to improve food safety. In Metro Vancouver there are many different types of ethnicities and types of restaurants; this provides a challenge for EHOs to know where to allocate their time and resources. Methods The author analyzed 150 Fraser Health inspection reports in the Burnaby, New Westminster and Surrey municipalities. The restaurants fell into three different categories: i) Independently owned ethnic, ii) Independently owned, non-ethnic and iii) chain non-ethnic restaurants. Hazard ratings, number of critical and number of non-critical violations from their latest inspection report were compared. Each violation code was also recorded to identify any infraction trends that exist. Results Analysis of the number of critical violations identified ethnic, chain non-ethnic, and independent non-ethnic restaurants as not being significantly different (p=0.09). The number of non-critical violations was different (0.033), with ethnic restaurants having the most. The number of critical violations, when treating each ethnicity as its own category, is however significantly different (p=0.044) between restaurant types. There was a significant association between hazard rating and restaurant type, with independent ethnic restaurants having the worst hazard rating (p=0.017). Conclusion The type of ownership (independent vs chain) and the restaurant type were not a factor when looking at number of critical violations that a restaurant commits. Independent ethnic restaurants had a slightly higher mean number of critical violations. Japanese restaurants had the highest number of critical violations out of the three ethnicities studied. These findings suggest a slight disparity in risk to public health between ethnic and non-ethnic restaurants.

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