Risk factors for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft-tissue infections in outpatients in Taiwan

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-H. CHOU ◽  
M.-S. LEE ◽  
R.-Y. LIN ◽  
C.-Y. WU
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Potential Risk Factors

SUMMARYInformation on the risk factors for community-associated skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Asian populations is scarce. To this end we performed a case-control study of patients treated at two hospital-affiliated outpatient clinics in Taiwan to determine potential risk factors for MRSA SSTIs. S. aureus was isolated from 39 of 100 eligible patients, and 74% were MRSA. Apart from resistance to clindamycin and erythromycin, most MRSA isolates were susceptible to appropriate antimicrobials. The significant risk factors identified by multivariate analysis for MRSA SSTIs were male gender (P = 0·09), nasal carriage of MRSA (P = 0·02), exposure to an individual who had surgery within a year before infection (P = 0·02), and antibiotic treatment for SSTI in the year before infection (P = 0·04). The identification of such factors may assist provision of appropriate treatment to patients with suspected S. aureus SSTIs particularly in Taiwan.

scholarly journals Predictors of community-associated Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections in primary-care settings

2016 ◽  
Vol 144 (15) ◽  
pp. 3198-3204 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. LEE ◽  
R. G. HALL ◽  
N. K. BOYD ◽  
S. D. DALLAS ◽  
L. C. DU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Outpatient Setting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Group 2

SUMMARYSkin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) due to Staphylococcus aureus have become increasingly common in the outpatient setting; however, risk factors for differentiating methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) SSTIs are needed to better inform antibiotic treatment decisions. We performed a case-case-control study within 14 primary-care clinics in South Texas from 2007 to 2015. Overall, 325 patients [S. aureus SSTI cases (case group 1, n = 175); MRSA SSTI cases (case group 2, n = 115); MSSA SSTI cases (case group 3, n = 60); uninfected control group (control, n = 150)] were evaluated. Each case group was compared to the control group, and then qualitatively contrasted to identify unique risk factors associated with S. aureus, MRSA, and MSSA SSTIs. Overall, prior SSTIs [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 7·60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3·31–17·45], male gender (aOR 1·74, 95% CI 1·06–2·85), and absence of healthcare occupation status (aOR 0·14, 95% CI 0·03–0·68) were independently associated with S. aureus SSTIs. The only unique risk factor for community-associated (CA)-MRSA SSTIs was a high body weight (⩾110 kg) (aOR 2·03, 95% CI 1·01–4·09).

scholarly journals Community-Acquired Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Case Series

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
E JK Veni ◽  
G Bhat ◽  
SM Shalini ◽  
P Kumar ◽  
M Chakrapani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Medical Journal ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia ◽  
Invasive Infections

Community-acquired methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) usually causes skin and soft tissue infections. However, community-acquired methicillin resistant S.aureus has been identified as a causative agent of many invasive infections like necrotizing fasciitis, pneumonia and bacteremia. Risk factors such as immunodeficiency and skin and soft tissue infections have been identified for acquiring bacteremia. We present four cases of bacteremia caused by community-acquired methicillin resistant S.aureus, risk factors and outcome.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.13(1) 2015; 77-79

scholarly journals Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: prevalence in skin and soft tissue infections at emergency departments in the Greater Toronto Area and associated risk factors

CJEM ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather J. Adam ◽  
Vanessa G. Allen ◽  
Andrea Currie ◽  
Allison J. McGeer ◽  
Andrew E. Simor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Emergency Departments ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Greater Toronto Area ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Mrsa Strains

ABSTRACTObjective:Community-associated methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(CA-MRSA), which is caused primarily by the Canadian methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus-10 (CMRSA-10) strain (also known as the USA300 strain) has emerged rapidly in the United States and is now emerging in Canada. We assessed the prevalence, risk factors, microbiological characteristics and outcomes of CA-MRSA in patients with purulent skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) presenting to emergency departments (EDs) in the Greater Toronto Area.Methods:Patients withStaphylococcus aureusSSTIs who presented to 7 EDs between Mar. 1 and Jun. 30, 2007, were eligible for inclusion in this study. Antimicrobial susceptibilities and molecular characteristics of MRSA strains were identified. Demographic, risk factor and clinical data were collected through telephone interviews.Results:MRSA was isolated from 58 (19%) of 299 eligible patients. CMRSA-10 was identified at 6 of the 7 study sites and accounted for 29 (50%) of all cases of MRSA. Telephone interviews were completed for 161 of the eligible patients. Individuals with CMRSA-10 were younger (median 34 v. 63 yr,p= 0.002), less likely to report recent antibiotic use (22% v. 67%,p= 0.046) or health care–related risk factors (33% v. 72%,p= 0.097) and more likely to report community-related risk factors (56% v. 6%,p= 0.008) than patients with other MRSA strains. CMRSA-10 SSTIs were treated with incision and drainage (1 patient), antibiotic therapy (3 patients) or both (5 patients), and all resolved. CMRSA-10 isolates were susceptible to clindamycin, tetracycline and trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole.Conclusion:CA-MRSA is a significant cause of SSTIs in the Greater Toronto Area, and can affect patients without known community-related risk factors. The changing epidemiology of CA-MRSA necessitates further surveillance to inform prevention strategies and empiric treatment guidelines.

Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization among Vietnamese adults: prevalence, risk factors and antibiotic susceptibility profile

MedPharmRes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Nguyen Phan ◽  
Hien Pham ◽  
Thuc Nguyen ◽  
Hoai Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Weight History ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vietnamese Community

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has long been recognized as an important human pathogen causing many severe diseases. It is also a part of human normal flora with its ecological niche in the human anterior nares. This study focused on screening S. aureus nasal carriage in community and its relationship to human physiological and pathological factors which have not been studied in Vietnam previously. Two hundred and five volunteers in Ho Chi Minh City from 18 to 35 and over 59 years old both male and female participated in the study. Result showed that the prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage in southern Vietnamese community was relatively low, only 11.2% (23/205), much lower than that in other international reports on human S. aureus. In addition, nasal carriage of the older age group (> 59 years old, 13.7%) was higher than that of younger age (18-35 years old, 10.4%). Other potential risk factors such as gender, career, height, weight, history of antibiotic usage, daily nasal wash, use of nasal medication sprays, acne problems, smoking and nasal problems showed no significant impact on S. aureus carriage. The obtained S. aureus nasal isolates were all sensitive to vancomycin. Lincomycin and tetracycline had low resistance rate with 4.3 % and 17.4 %, respectively. However, the isolates showed particularly high rate of multidrug resistance (54.2%) In summary, our data provided researchers an overview on S. aureus nasal carriage and antibiotic susceptibility profile of the community- isolated S. aureus in Vietnam. This would serve as valuable information on assessing risk of community-acquired S. aureus infections.

scholarly journals 451. High Rates of Hospitalization due to Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections in a Southwest American Indian Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S221-S222
Author(s):  
Anne M Davidson ◽  
Terry Burgess ◽  
Agafe Saguros ◽  
Chu Jian Ma ◽  
James McAuley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
American Indians ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
American Southwest ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Pathogenic Organism ◽  
Critical Access Hospital ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Health

Abstract Background Skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) involve the skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, or muscle. Hospitalizations due to SSTIs represent a significant health disparity for American Indians (AI), but specific literature is limited. We characterized SSTI hospitalizations at our critical access hospital that exclusively serves an AI population in the American Southwest. Methods We identified patients hospitalized (admitted or transferred) with an SSTI from June 2017 to May 2018. Relevant cases underwent chart extraction for demographics, SSTI characteristics, laboratory and microbiologic data, relevant history and co-morbidities. All variables were summarized using descriptive statistics. Odds ratios and P-values with two-tailed tests were used to identify risk factors for multiple SSTI episodes. Results During the study period, 289 unique individuals comprised 343 SSTI hospitalizations / episodes (18% of the 1,883 total hospitalizations). The unadjusted annual rate of SSTI hospitalization was 2,018 per 100,000. There were 13 cases of necrotizing fasciitis (NF) with an unadjusted rate of 76 per 100,000 per year. Only 183 episodes (53%) had a wound culture performed, with 84% positive for a pathogenic organism, compared with 287 episodes (84%) with a blood culture performed, of which only 7% were positive for a pathogen. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-sensitive SA (MSSA)and/or Streptococcus pyogenes accounted for 74.9% (n = 125) and co-infection with these three organisms accounted for 22.2% (n = 37) of positive wound cultures (n = 167). An SSTI in the last year (49%), diabetes (41.9%), alcohol abuse (40%) and hypertension (39%) were common among all 289 individuals. Diabetes (OR 3.3, P < 0.01), hypertension (OR 2.8, P < 0.01), renal disease (OR 2.7, P < 0.05), previous SSTI (OR 3.0, P < 0.01) were associated with a higher risk of multiple SSTI hospitalizations. Conclusion The incidence rate of SSTI hospitalization in this Southwest AI population was 9-times greater than the general US population and 4-times greater than prior reports in Southwest AI. The NF rate was >10-times the general US population rate. We describe common co-morbidities among these SSTI episodes and potential risk factors for repeat hospitalization. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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