Incidence and risk factors for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in New York City, 2006–2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 144 (5) ◽  
pp. 1014-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. BAKER ◽  
B. COHEN ◽  
J. LIU ◽  
E. LARSON
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
New York City ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
York City ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

SUMMARYThis study aims to describe changes in incidence and risk factors for community-associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections upon admission to two New York City hospitals from 2006 to 2012. We examined the first hospitalization for adult patients using electronic health record and administrative data and determined the annual incidence/1000 admissions of total S. aureus, total MRSA, and CA-MRSA (within 48 h of admission) in clinical specimens over the study period. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with CA-MRSA in 2006 and 2012. In 137 350 admissions, the incidence of S. aureus, MRSA, and CA-MRSA/1000 admissions were 15·6, 7·0, and 3·5, respectively. The total S. aureus and MRSA isolations decreased significantly over the study period (27% and 25%, respectively) while CA-MRSA incidence was unchanged. CA-MRSA increased as a proportion of all MRSA between 2006 (46%) and 2012 (62%), and was most frequently isolated from respiratory (1·5/1000) and blood (0·7/1000) cultures. Logistic regression analysis of factors associated with isolation of CA-MRSA showed that age ⩾65 years [odds ratio (OR) 2·3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·2–4·5], male gender (OR 1·8, 95% CI 1·2–2·8) and history of renal failure (OR 2·6, 95% CI 1·6–4·2) were significant predictors of infection in 2006. No predictors were identified in 2012.

Clinical and Demographic Risk Factors for COVID-19 during Delivery Hospitalizations in New York City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desmond Sutton ◽  
Timothy Wen ◽  
Anna P. Staniczenko ◽  
Yongmei Huang ◽  
Maria Andrikopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
York City ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Demographic Risk ◽  
Demographic Risk Factors ◽  
Zip Code

Objective This study was aimed to review 4 weeks of universal novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) screening among delivery hospitalizations, at two hospitals in March and April 2020 in New York City, to compare outcomes between patients based on COVID-19 status and to determine whether demographic risk factors and symptoms predicted screening positive for COVID-19. Study Design This retrospective cohort study evaluated all patients admitted for delivery from March 22 to April 18, 2020, at two New York City hospitals. Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes were collected. The relationship between COVID-19 and demographic, clinical, and maternal and neonatal outcome data was evaluated. Demographic data included the number of COVID-19 cases ascertained by ZIP code of residence. Adjusted logistic regression models were performed to determine predictability of demographic risk factors for COVID-19. Results Of 454 women delivered, 79 (17%) had COVID-19. Of those, 27.9% (n = 22) had symptoms such as cough (13.9%), fever (10.1%), chest pain (5.1%), and myalgia (5.1%). While women with COVID-19 were more likely to live in the ZIP codes quartile with the most cases (47 vs. 41%) and less likely to live in the ZIP code quartile with the fewest cases (6 vs. 14%), these comparisons were not statistically significant (p = 0.18). Women with COVID-19 were less likely to have a vaginal delivery (55.2 vs. 51.9%, p = 0.04) and had a significantly longer postpartum length of stay with cesarean (2.00 vs. 2.67days, p < 0.01). COVID-19 was associated with higher risk for diagnoses of chorioamnionitis and pneumonia and fevers without a focal diagnosis. In adjusted analyses, including demographic factors, logistic regression demonstrated a c-statistic of 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69, 0.80). Conclusion COVID-19 symptoms were present in a minority of COVID-19-positive women admitted for delivery. Significant differences in obstetrical outcomes were found. While demographic risk factors demonstrated acceptable discrimination, risk prediction does not capture a significant portion of COVID-19-positive patients. Key Points

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated With Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Complicated Skin and Soft Tissue Infection in Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Liliana Valderrama Beltran ◽  
Sandra Gualtero ◽  
Jose Rodriguez ◽  
Johanna Osorio ◽  
Carlos Arturo Alvarez Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Infection ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tissue Infection ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Complicated Skin

Increasing rates of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections among HIV-infected persons

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy F Crum-Cianflone ◽  
Alina A Burgi ◽  
Braden R Hale
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
General Population ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Syphilis Infection ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mrsa Infection

Community-acquired (CA) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) rates have rapidly increased in the general population; however, little data on recent incidence rates and risk factors of CA-MRSA infections among HIV patients appear in the literature. A retrospective study was conducted from 1993 through 2005 among patients at a large HIV clinic. Trends in CA-MRSA infection incidence rates, clinical characteristics and risk factors for CA-MRSA were evaluated. Seven percent of our cohort developed a CA-MRSA infection during the study period. The rate of CA-MRSA infections among HIV-infected population significantly increased since 2003, with an incidence of 40.3 cases/1000 person-years in 2005, which was 18-fold higher than the general population served at our facility. In all, 90% of infections were skin/soft tissue infections with a predilection for buttock or scrotal abscess formation; 21% of patients experienced a recurrent infection. Risk factors included a low CD4 count at the time of infection (odds ratio [OR] per 100 CD4 cells 0.84, P = 0.03), high maximum log10 HIV viral load (OR 4.54, P<0.001), recent use of β-lactam antibiotics (OR 6.0 for receipt of two prescriptions, P<0.001) and a history of syphilis (OR 4.55, P = 0.01). No patient receiving trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis developed a CA-MRSA infection. Over the study period, CA-MRSA accounted for an increasing percentage of positive wound cultures and Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 37% and 65%, respectively, during 2005. In conclusion, CA-MRSA infections have rapidly increased among HIV-infected patients, a group which has a higher rate of these infections than the general population. Risk factors for CA-MRSA among HIV-infected patients include low current CD4 cell count, recent β-lactam antibiotic use and potentially high-risk sexual activity as demonstrated by a history of syphilis infection.

A Survey of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Laboratory Healthcare Workers in New York City

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 801-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Garber ◽  
Pablo San Gabriel ◽  
Lauren Lambert ◽  
Lisa Saiman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Skin Tests ◽  
First Year ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
History Of ◽  
Latent Tb Infection

AbstractObjective:To determine the prevalence of positive tuberculin skin tests (TSTs), incidence of TST conversion, risk factors for positive TSTs, and history of active TB among HCWs in microbiology laboratories in New York City.Design:Two-year survey from May 1999 to June 2001.Setting:Nineteen microbiology laboratories.Results:During the first year, interviews were conducted with 345 laboratory HCWs (mean, 18 HCWs per site; range, 2 to 51) to assess the prevalence of positive TSTs, but 3 (1%) could not recall their result and were excluded from further analyses. The mean age of the remaining 342 HCWs was 48 years; 68% (n = 233) were female, 54% (n = 183) received bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination, and 71% (n = 244) were foreign born. The prevalence of a positive TST was 57% (n = 196), but only 20% (n = 39) of the HCWs received isoniazid. The incidence of TST conversion in the second year of the study was 1% (1 of 108). Multivariate analysis identified age (odds ratio [OR] per year, 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI95], 1.02–1.08), foreign birth (OR, 3.80; CI95, 1.98–7.28), BCG immunization (OR, 4.89; CI95, 2.72–8.80), and employment in a mycobacteriology laboratory (OR, 2.14; CI95, 1.25–3.68) as risk factors for a positive TST. Only one HCW had been treated for active TB.Conclusions:The prevalence of positive TSTs was high among laboratory HCWs, but the TST conversion rate was low. Higher rates of treatment for latent TB infection are desirable.

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