A Survey of Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Laboratory Healthcare Workers in New York City

AbstractObjective:To determine the prevalence of positive tuberculin skin tests (TSTs), incidence of TST conversion, risk factors for positive TSTs, and history of active TB among HCWs in microbiology laboratories in New York City.Design:Two-year survey from May 1999 to June 2001.Setting:Nineteen microbiology laboratories.Results:During the first year, interviews were conducted with 345 laboratory HCWs (mean, 18 HCWs per site; range, 2 to 51) to assess the prevalence of positive TSTs, but 3 (1%) could not recall their result and were excluded from further analyses. The mean age of the remaining 342 HCWs was 48 years; 68% (n = 233) were female, 54% (n = 183) received bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination, and 71% (n = 244) were foreign born. The prevalence of a positive TST was 57% (n = 196), but only 20% (n = 39) of the HCWs received isoniazid. The incidence of TST conversion in the second year of the study was 1% (1 of 108). Multivariate analysis identified age (odds ratio [OR] per year, 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI95], 1.02–1.08), foreign birth (OR, 3.80; CI95, 1.98–7.28), BCG immunization (OR, 4.89; CI95, 2.72–8.80), and employment in a mycobacteriology laboratory (OR, 2.14; CI95, 1.25–3.68) as risk factors for a positive TST. Only one HCW had been treated for active TB.Conclusions:The prevalence of positive TSTs was high among laboratory HCWs, but the TST conversion rate was low. Higher rates of treatment for latent TB infection are desirable.

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Incidence and risk factors for community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in New York City, 2006–2012

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s095026881500196x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 144 (5) ◽

pp. 1014-1017 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P. BAKER ◽

B. COHEN ◽

J. LIU ◽

E. LARSON

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

New York ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

New York City ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

York City ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Factors Associated ◽

History Of

SUMMARYThis study aims to describe changes in incidence and risk factors for community-associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections upon admission to two New York City hospitals from 2006 to 2012. We examined the first hospitalization for adult patients using electronic health record and administrative data and determined the annual incidence/1000 admissions of total S. aureus, total MRSA, and CA-MRSA (within 48 h of admission) in clinical specimens over the study period. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with CA-MRSA in 2006 and 2012. In 137 350 admissions, the incidence of S. aureus, MRSA, and CA-MRSA/1000 admissions were 15·6, 7·0, and 3·5, respectively. The total S. aureus and MRSA isolations decreased significantly over the study period (27% and 25%, respectively) while CA-MRSA incidence was unchanged. CA-MRSA increased as a proportion of all MRSA between 2006 (46%) and 2012 (62%), and was most frequently isolated from respiratory (1·5/1000) and blood (0·7/1000) cultures. Logistic regression analysis of factors associated with isolation of CA-MRSA showed that age ⩾65 years [odds ratio (OR) 2·3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·2–4·5], male gender (OR 1·8, 95% CI 1·2–2·8) and history of renal failure (OR 2·6, 95% CI 1·6–4·2) were significant predictors of infection in 2006. No predictors were identified in 2012.

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Risk Factors for Latent Tuberculosis Infection Among Children in New York City

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.107.5.999 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 107 (5) ◽

pp. 999-1003 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

L. Saiman ◽

P. S. Gabriel ◽

J. Schulte ◽

M. P. Vargas ◽

T. Kenyon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Latent Tuberculosis ◽

Tuberculosis Infection

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Epidemiology of tuberculosis among healthcare personnel in New York City

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease ◽

10.5588/ijtld.19.0584 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 619-625

Author(s):

D. C. Proops ◽

J. A. Knorr ◽

J. S. Meissner ◽

B. N. Kreiswirth ◽

S. D. Ahuja

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Previous History ◽

Health Department ◽

Healthcare Personnel ◽

Exact Test ◽

History Of ◽

Latent Tb Infection

BACKGROUND: We have updated the epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) among healthcare personnel (HCP) in New York City (NYC), USA, during a period of declining TB burden.METHODS: Using routinely collected Health Department data for NYC TB cases from 2001 to 2014, we conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis. P values were calculated using Pearson's χ2 or Fisher's exact test for categorical data; Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to compare medians. We used the Cochran-Armitage test for trend and linear regression for trend analyses.RESULTS: HCP accounted for 6% of adults with TB throughout the study period and were more likely than other adults to be female (68% vs. 37%, P ≤ 0.0001), have extrapulmonary-only disease (31% vs. 23%, P ≤ 0.0001), have an isolate with multidrug resistance (4% vs. 2%, P = 0.0211), and report a previous history of latent TB infection (LTBI) (51% vs. 23%, P ≤ 0.0001). Compared to non-US-born HCP, US-born HCP were more likely to have HIV infection (18% vs. 8%, P = 0.0011) or a genotypically clustered isolate (67% vs. 37%, P ≤ 0.0001) and less likely to report history of prior LTBI (43% vs. 54%, P = 0.0128).CONCLUSIONS: Further research is needed to explore transmission and occupational risk among HCP. New approaches are needed to optimize completion of prophylaxis for HCP with LTBI.

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Messy, Energetic, Intense: A Roundtable Conversation among New York's Asian American Experimental Filmmakers of the Eighties with Roddy Bogawa, Daryl Chin, Shu Lea Cheang, and Rea Tajiri

Film Quarterly ◽

10.1525/fq.2020.73.3.66 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 66-78

Author(s):

Vince Schleitwiler ◽

Abby Sun ◽

Rea Tajiri

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

Asian American ◽

York City ◽

American Film ◽

The Sixties ◽

History Of

This roundtable grew out of conversations between filmmaker Rea Tajiri, programmer Abby Sun, and scholar Vince Schleitwiler about a misunderstood chapter in the history of Asian American film and media: New York City in the eighties, a vibrant capital of Asian American filmmaking with a distinctively experimental edge. To tell this story, Rea Tajiri contacted her artist contemporaries Shu Lea Cheang and Roddy Bogawa as well as writer and critic Daryl Chin. Daryl had been a fixture in New York City art circles since the sixties, his presence central to Asian American film from the beginning. The scope of this discussion extends loosely from the mid-seventies through the late nineties, with Tajiri, Abby Sun, and Vince Schleitwiler initiating topics, compiling responses, and finalizing its form as a collage-style conversation.

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A risk index for COVID-19 severity is associated with COVID-19 mortality in New York City

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11498-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wil Lieberman-Cribbin ◽

Naomi Alpert ◽

Raja Flores ◽

Emanuela Taioli

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

New York ◽

New York City ◽

York City ◽

Underserved Populations ◽

Risk Index ◽

Data Repository ◽

Severe Illness ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background New York City (NYC) was the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic, and is home to underserved populations with higher prevalence of chronic conditions that put them in danger of more serious infection. Little is known about how the presence of chronic risk factors correlates with mortality at the population level. Here we determine the relationship between these factors and COVD-19 mortality in NYC. Methods A cross-sectional study of mortality data obtained from the NYC Coronavirus data repository (03/02/2020–07/06/2020) and the prevalence of neighborhood-level risk factors for COVID-19 severity was performed. A risk index was created based on the CDC criteria for risk of severe illness and complications from COVID-19, and stepwise linear regression was implemented to predict the COVID-19 mortality rate across NYC zip code tabulation areas (ZCTAs) utilizing the risk index, median age, socioeconomic status index, and the racial and Hispanic composition at the ZCTA-level as predictors. Results The COVID-19 death rate per 100,000 persons significantly decreased with the increasing proportion of white residents (βadj = − 0.91, SE = 0.31, p = 0.0037), while the increasing proportion of Hispanic residents (βadj = 0.90, SE = 0.38, p = 0.0200), median age (βadj = 3.45, SE = 1.74, p = 0.0489), and COVID-19 severity risk index (βadj = 5.84, SE = 0.82, p < 0.001) were statistically significantly positively associated with death rates. Conclusions Disparities in COVID-19 mortality exist across NYC and these vulnerable areas require increased attention, including repeated and widespread testing, to minimize the threat of serious illness and mortality.

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Clinical and Demographic Risk Factors for COVID-19 during Delivery Hospitalizations in New York City

American Journal of Perinatology ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1727168 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Desmond Sutton ◽

Timothy Wen ◽

Anna P. Staniczenko ◽

Yongmei Huang ◽

Maria Andrikopoulou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

New York ◽

New York City ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

York City ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Outcome Data ◽

Demographic Risk ◽

Demographic Risk Factors ◽

Zip Code

Objective This study was aimed to review 4 weeks of universal novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) screening among delivery hospitalizations, at two hospitals in March and April 2020 in New York City, to compare outcomes between patients based on COVID-19 status and to determine whether demographic risk factors and symptoms predicted screening positive for COVID-19. Study Design This retrospective cohort study evaluated all patients admitted for delivery from March 22 to April 18, 2020, at two New York City hospitals. Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes were collected. The relationship between COVID-19 and demographic, clinical, and maternal and neonatal outcome data was evaluated. Demographic data included the number of COVID-19 cases ascertained by ZIP code of residence. Adjusted logistic regression models were performed to determine predictability of demographic risk factors for COVID-19. Results Of 454 women delivered, 79 (17%) had COVID-19. Of those, 27.9% (n = 22) had symptoms such as cough (13.9%), fever (10.1%), chest pain (5.1%), and myalgia (5.1%). While women with COVID-19 were more likely to live in the ZIP codes quartile with the most cases (47 vs. 41%) and less likely to live in the ZIP code quartile with the fewest cases (6 vs. 14%), these comparisons were not statistically significant (p = 0.18). Women with COVID-19 were less likely to have a vaginal delivery (55.2 vs. 51.9%, p = 0.04) and had a significantly longer postpartum length of stay with cesarean (2.00 vs. 2.67days, p < 0.01). COVID-19 was associated with higher risk for diagnoses of chorioamnionitis and pneumonia and fevers without a focal diagnosis. In adjusted analyses, including demographic factors, logistic regression demonstrated a c-statistic of 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69, 0.80). Conclusion COVID-19 symptoms were present in a minority of COVID-19-positive women admitted for delivery. Significant differences in obstetrical outcomes were found. While demographic risk factors demonstrated acceptable discrimination, risk prediction does not capture a significant portion of COVID-19-positive patients. Key Points

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