Erratum: Temporal and spatial patterns of opsin gene expression in the zebrafish (Danio rerio): Corrections with additions

1999 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELLEN A. SCHMITT ◽  
GEORGE A. HYATT ◽  
JOHN E. DOWLING
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Developmental Expression ◽  
Opsin Gene ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Opsin Expression ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Patterns ◽  
Cone Opsin ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Cone Opsins

We report here a reexamination of the developmental expression of cone opsins in the zebrafish retina. The red- and blue-sensitive opsins appear at 51 h postfertilization (hpf) whereas ultraviolet (UV) opsin is not seen until after 55 hpf. More cells show red cone opsin expression than blue at 51 and 55 hpf, indicating the sequence of cone opsin expression in zebrafish is first red, then blue, and finally UV. Curiously, morphological development of the cones is in reverse order; UV cones appear quite mature by day 6–7 postfertilization (pf), but morphologically, red cones do not appear adult-like until 15–20 days pf.

scholarly journals Six6 and Six7 coordinately regulate expression of middle-wavelength opsins in zebrafish

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (10) ◽  
pp. 4651-4660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohey Ogawa ◽  
Tomoya Shiraki ◽  
Yoshimasa Asano ◽  
Akira Muto ◽  
Koichi Kawakami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Color Discrimination ◽  
Opsin Gene ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Chip Sequencing ◽  
Genetic Ablation ◽  
Cone Opsin ◽  
Opsin Genes ◽  
Cone Opsins

Color discrimination in the vertebrate retina is mediated by a combination of spectrally distinct cone photoreceptors, each expressing one of multiple cone opsins. The opsin genes diverged early in vertebrate evolution into four classes maximally sensitive to varying wavelengths of light: UV (SWS1), blue (SWS2), green (RH2), and red (LWS) opsins. Although the tetrachromatic cone system is retained in most nonmammalian vertebrate lineages, the transcriptional mechanism underlying gene expression of the cone opsins remains elusive, particularly for SWS2 and RH2 opsins, both of which have been lost in the mammalian lineage. In zebrafish, which have all four cone subtypes,rh2opsin gene expression depends on a homeobox transcription factor,sine oculishomeobox 7 (Six7). However, thesix7gene is found only in the ray-finned fish lineage, suggesting the existence of another evolutionarily conserved transcriptional factor(s) controllingrh2opsin expression in vertebrates. Here, we found that the reducedrh2expression caused bysix7deficiency was rescued by forced expression ofsix6b, which is asix7-related transcription factor conserved widely among vertebrates. The compensatory role ofsix6bwas reinforced by ChIP-sequencing analysis, which revealed a similar pattern of Six6b- and Six7-binding sites within and near the cone opsin genes. TAL effector nuclease-induced genetic ablation ofsix6bandsix7revealed that they coordinately regulate SWS2 opsin gene expression. Mutant larvae deficient for these transcription factors showed severely impaired visually driven foraging behavior. These results demonstrate that in zebrafish,six6bandsix7govern expression of the SWS2 and RH2 opsins responsible for middle-wavelength sensitivity, which would be physiologically important for daylight vision.

scholarly journals Opsin gene expression in larval and adult deep-sea fishes supports a conserved cone-to-rod pathway in teleost visual development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Lupše ◽  
Fabio Cortesi ◽  
Marko Freese ◽  
Lasse Marohn ◽  
Jan-Dag Pohlman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
Visual Development ◽  
Opsin Gene ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Cone Opsin ◽  
Epipelagic Zone ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cone Opsins

AbstractDeep-sea fishes show extraordinary visual adaptations to an environment where every photon of light that is captured might make the difference between life and death. While considerable effort has been made in understanding how adult deep-sea fishes see their world, relatively little is known about vision in earlier life stages. Similar to most marine species, larval deep-sea fishes start their life in the well-lit epipelagic zone, where food is abundant and predation relatively low. In this study, we show major changes in visual gene expression between larval and adult deep-sea fishes from eight different orders (Argentiniformes, Aulopiformes, Beryciformes, Myctophiformes, Pempheriformes, Scombriformes, Stomiiformes and Trachichthyiformes). Comparison between 18 species revealed that while adults mostly rely on rod opsin(s) (RH1) for vision in dim-light, larvae mostly express green-sensitive cone opsin(s) (RH2) in their retinas. Adults of the scombriform and three aulopiform species also expressed low levels of RH2, with the latter using different copies of the gene between ontogenetic stages. Cone opsins in adult fishes are rather surprising as most deep-sea fishes have lost their cone photoreceptors in favour of a highly sensitive pure rod retina. The expression of RH2 in larvae, on the other hand, shows that even in species that might not have any cones as adults, the larval retina is likely to be cone dominated first, before rod photoreceptors are added through ontogeny. Our study therefore supports a conserved pathway for the cone-to-rod developmental sequence of the teleost or even vertebrate retina.

Temporal and spatial patterns of gene expression in skeletal muscles in response to swim training in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)

2009 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe M. R. LeMoine ◽  
Paul M. Craig ◽  
Kalindi Dhekney ◽  
Julie J. Kim ◽  
Grant B. McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Adult Zebrafish ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Patterns ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

scholarly journals Ganglion cells in larval zebrafish retina integrate inputs from multiple cone types

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria P Connaughton ◽  
Ralph Francis Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Light Response ◽  
Larval Zebrafish ◽  
Cone Opsin ◽  
Optimal Representation ◽  
Discharge Rates ◽  
Cone Opsins ◽  
Spectral Responses

We recently showed the presence of 7 physiological cone opsins - R1 (575nm), R2 (556nm), G1 (460nm), G3 (480nm), B1 (415nm), B2 (440nm), UV (358nm) - in ERG recordings of larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) retina. Larval ganglion cells (GCs) are generally thought to integrate only 4 cone opsin signals (red, green blue and UV). We address the question as to whether they may integrate 7 cone spectral signals. Here, we examined the 127 possible combinations of 7 cone signals to find the optimal representation, as based on impulse discharge datasets from GC axons in the larval optic nerve. We recorded four varieties of light-response waveform: sustained-ON, transient-ON, ON-OFF, and OFF, based on the time course of mean discharge rates to all stimulus wavelengths combined. Modeling of GC responses revealed each received 1-6 cone opsin signals, with a mean of 3.8 ± 1.3 cone signals/GC. Most onset or offset responses were opponent (ON, 80%; OFF, 100%). The most common cone signals were UV (93%), R2 (50%), G3 (55%), and G1 (60%). 73% of cone opsin signals were excitatory, 27% were inhibitory. UV signals favored excitation, while G3 and B2 signals favored inhibition. R1/R2, G1/G3 and B1/B2 opsin signals were selectively associated along a non-synergistic/opponent axis. Overall, these results suggest that larval zebrafish GC spectral responses are complex and use inputs from the 7 expressed opsins.

Diurnal rhythm of cone opsin expression in the teleost fish Haplochromis burtoni

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
SVEN HALSTENBERG ◽  
KRISTIN M. LINDGREN ◽  
SANJUM P. S. SAMAGH ◽  
MIREYA NADAL-VICENS ◽  
STEVE BALT, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Rhythm ◽  
Teleost Fish ◽  
Outer Segment ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Diurnal Rhythms ◽  
Opsin Expression ◽  
Cone Opsin ◽  
Haplochromis Burtoni ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Cone Opsins

The biochemical and morphological specializations of rod and cone photoreceptors reflect their roles in sight. The apoprotein opsin, which converts photons into chemical signals, functions at one end of these highly polarized cells, in the outer segment. Previous work has shown that the mRNA of rod opsin, the opsin specific to rods, is renewed in the outer segment with a diurnal rhythm in the retina of the teleost fish Haplochromis burtoni. Here we show that in the same species, all three cone opsin mRNAs (blue, green, and red) also have a diurnal rhythm of expression. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primer pairs specific for the cone photoreceptor opsin subtypes was used to detect opsin mRNA abundance in animals sacrificed at 3-h intervals around the clock. All three cone opsins were expressed with diurnal rhythms similar to each other but out of phase with the rod opsin rhythm. Specifically, cone opsin expression occurs at a higher level near the onset of the dark period, when cones are not used for vision. Finally, we found that the rhythm of cone opsin expression in fish appears to be light dependent, as prolonged darkness changes normal diurnal expression patterns.

scholarly journals The Dynamic DNA Demethylation during Postnatal Neuronal Development and Neural Stem Cell Differentiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huikang Tao ◽  
Pei Xie ◽  
Yuhang Cao ◽  
Liqi Shu ◽  
Liping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Neuronal Development ◽  
Stem Cell Differentiation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Dna Demethylation ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Patterns ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Background. DNA demethylation, the conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC), plays important roles in diverse biological processes and multiple diseases by regulating gene expression. Methods. In this study, utilizing DNA dot blot, immunofluorescence staining, and qRT-PCR, we studied the expression pattern of Tets, the enzymes governing DNA demethylation, and the levels of 5hmC, 5fC, and 5caC during the postnatal neuronal development of mice. Results. It was found that 5hmC, 5fC, and 5caC were highly enriched in multiple brain regions and aNSCs and displayed temporal and spatial patterns during postnatal neuronal development and the differentiation of aNSCs. Consistently, the expression of Tets also exhibited temporal and spatial patterns. Conclusion. DNA demethylation displayed dynamic features during postnatal neuronal development and the differentiation of aNSCs of mice, which could contribute to appropriate gene expression.

scholarly journals Reduced opsin gene expression in a cave-dwelling fish

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Tobler ◽  
Seth W. Coleman ◽  
Brian D. Perkins ◽  
Gil G. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Visual Function ◽  
Opsin Gene ◽  
Regressive Evolution ◽  
Opsin Expression ◽  
Poecilia Mexicana ◽  
Evolutionary Step ◽  
Surface Dwelling ◽  
Blind Cave ◽  
Intense Research

Regressive evolution of structures associated with vision in cave-dwelling organisms is the focus of intense research. Most work has focused on differences between extreme visual phenotypes: sighted, surface animals and their completely blind, cave-dwelling counterparts. We suggest that troglodytic systems, comprising multiple populations that vary along a gradient of visual function, may prove critical in understanding the mechanisms underlying initial regression in visual pathways. Gene expression assays of natural and laboratory-reared populations of the Atlantic molly ( Poecilia mexicana ) revealed reduced opsin expression in cave-dwelling populations compared with surface-dwelling conspecifics. Our results suggest that the reduction in opsin expression in cave-dwelling populations is not phenotypically plastic but reflects a hardwired system not rescued by exposure to light during retinal ontogeny. Changes in opsin gene expression may consequently represent a first evolutionary step in the regression of eyes in cave organisms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document