scholarly journals Heterogeneity in development of adolescent anxiety disorder symptoms in an 8-year longitudinal community study

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie A. Nelemans ◽  
William W. Hale ◽  
Susan J. T. Branje ◽  
Quinten A. W. Raaijmakers ◽  
Tom Frijns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Late Adolescence ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Developmental Profile ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Disorder Symptom

AbstractIn this study, we prospectively examined developmental trajectories of five anxiety disorder symptom dimensions (generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, school anxiety, separation anxiety disorder, and social anxiety disorder) from early to late adolescence in a community sample of 239 adolescents, assessed annually over 8 years. Latent growth modeling indicated different developmental trajectories from early into late adolescence for the different anxiety disorder symptoms, with some symptoms decreasing and other symptoms increasing over time. Sex differences in developmental trajectories were found for some symptoms, but not all. Furthermore, latent class growth analysis identified a normal developmental profile (including a majority of adolescents reporting persistent low anxiety disorder symptoms over 8 years) and an at-risk developmental profile (including a minority of adolescents reporting persistent high anxiety disorder symptoms over 8 years) for all of the anxiety disorder symptom dimensions except panic disorder. Additional analyses longitudinally supported the validity of these normal and at-risk developmental profiles and suggested differential associations between different anxiety disorder symptom dimensions and developmental trajectories of substance use, parenting, and identity development. Taken together, our results emphasize the importance of examining separate dimensions of anxiety disorder symptoms in contrast to a using a global, one-dimensional approach to anxiety.

Overview of Anxiety Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon E Grant
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Specific Phobia ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Generalized Anxiety ◽  
Psychosocial Impairment

Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric disorders among adults in the United States. Although anxiety disorders generally result in significant psychosocial impairment, most adults do not seek treatment until many years after the onset of the anxiety disorder. The treatment literature for anxiety disorder has grown tremendously since the 1980s, and both psychotherapy and medications may prove beneficial for people with anxiety disorders. This review presents a general overview of the anxiety disorders. This review contains 7 tables, and 33 references. Key words: agoraphobia, anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, separation anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, specific phobia, treatment of anxiety

scholarly journals A study on prevalence and co-morbidity of bipolar and anxiety disorders in chronic headache patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivaji M. ◽  
Manickavasagam J. ◽  
Indumathi Sundaramurthi ◽  
Gopinathan S.
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Chronic Headache ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Headache Patients

Background: Co morbidity between headache and psychiatric disorders is more prevalent in chronic headache patients. The bipolar disorders and anxiety disorders are predominant in migraine and TTH respectively. This co morbidities have a poor reflection and impact on quality and outcome of chronic headache patients and results in worst prognosis and poor response to medical treatment.Methods: The chronic headache patients especially migraine and tension type of headache were analyzed with following materials such as the structured psychiatric clinical interview with ICD-10 mental and behavioural disorder, DSM-5 criteria. HAM-A, HAM-D, BDI-2, BPRS, young mania rating scale, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and panic disorder scale.Results: Various subsets of bipolar disorder and anxiety disorder were found as follows: 74% of migraineurs are associated with psychiatric disorders in which bipolar affective disorder 6%, depressive episode 48%, dysthymia 30%, GAD 10% and Panic disorder 6%. 52% of TTH are associated with psychiatric disorders as follows: major depressive episode 52%, GAD 30%, separation anxiety disorder 6%, PTSD 7%, OCD 3% and panic disorder 2%.Conclusions: From previous and future studies the headache can be identified according to subsets of headache with psychiatric disorders make easier to provide appropriate pharmacological and psychological treatment which may reduce the chronicity and intractability of headache.

Separation anxiety disorder from the perspective of DSM-5: clinical investigation among subjects with panic disorder and associations with mood disorders spectrum

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Gesi ◽  
Marianna Abelli ◽  
Alessandra Cardini ◽  
Lisa Lari ◽  
Luca Di Paolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Axis I

Objective/IntroductionHigh levels of comorbidity between separation anxiety disorder (SEPAD) and panic disorder (PD) have been found in clinical settings. In addition, there is some evidence for a relationship involving bipolar disorder (BD) and combined PD and SEPAD. We aim to investigate the prevalence and correlates of SEPAD among patients with PD and whether the presence of SEPAD is associated with frank diagnoses of mood disorders or with mood spectrum symptoms.MethodsAdult outpatients (235) with PD were assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS), the Structured Clinical Interview for Separation Anxiety Symptoms (SCI-SAS), and the Mood Spectrum Self-Report Instrument (MOODS-SR, lifetime version).ResultsOf ther 235 subjects, 125 (53.2%) were categorized as having SEPAD and 110 (46.8%) as not. Groups did not differ regarding onset of PD, lifetime prevalence of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), social phobia, simple phobia, BD I and II, or major depressive disorder (MDD). SEPAD subjects were more likely to be female and younger; they showed higher rates of childhood SEPAD, higher PDSS scores, and higher MOODS-SR total and manic component scores than subjects without SEPAD.DiscussionSEPAD is highly prevalent among PD subjects. Patients with both PD and SEPAD show higher lifetime mood spectrum symptoms than patients with PD alone. Specifically, SEPAD is correlated with the manic/hypomanic spectrum component.ConclusionOur data confirm the high prevalence of SEPAD in clinical settings. Moreover, our findings corroborate a relationship between mood disorders and SEPAD, highlighting a relationship between lifetime mood spectrum symptoms and SEPAD.

The relationship between agoraphobia symptoms and panic disorder in a non-clinical sample of adolescents

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. HAYWARD ◽  
J. D. KILLEN ◽  
C. B. TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Sensitivity ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Clinical Correlates

Background. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical correlates of agoraphobic fear and avoidance and panic disorder in a non-clinical sample of adolescents.Method. In a sample of 2365 high school students, combined data from a questionnaire and a structured clinical interview were used to classify subjects with agoraphobic fear and avoidance. Panic symptoms, major depression, childhood separation anxiety disorder, anxiety sensitivity and negative affectivity were also assessed.Results. Fifteen subjects met study criteria for agoraphobic fear and avoidance in the past year. Only three (20%) of those with agoraphobia symptoms reported histories of panic attacks and there was no overlap between those with agoraphobic fear and avoidance and the 12 subjects who met DSM-III-R criteria for panic disorder. However, subjects with agoraphobia symptoms and those with panic disorder reported similar levels of anxiety sensitivity and negative affectivity. Childhood separation anxiety disorder was more common among those with agoraphobic fear and avoidance compared to those without.Conclusion. Agoraphobic avoidance is rare in non-clinical samples of adolescents and usually not associated with panic attacks. However, adolescents with agoraphobia symptoms and those with panic disorder have similar clinical correlates consistent with a panic/agoraphobia spectrum model.

The relationships among separation anxiety disorder, adult attachment style and agoraphobia in patients with panic disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 741-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Pini ◽  
Marianna Abelli ◽  
Alfonso Troisi ◽  
Alberto Siracusano ◽  
Giovanni B. Cassano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Adult Attachment ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Separation Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Adult Attachment Style
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