A multidomain cascade model of early childhood risk factors associated with oppositional defiant disorder symptoms in a community sample of 6-year-olds

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4pt2) ◽  
pp. 1547-1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
John V. Lavigne ◽  
Karen R. Gouze ◽  
Joyce Hopkins ◽  
Fred B. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Parental Depression ◽  
Cascade Model ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Odd Symptoms ◽  
Child Factors ◽  
Parental Hostility

AbstractThe present study examined a cascade model of age 4 and 5 contextual, parent, parenting, and child factors on symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) at age 6 in a diverse community sample of 796 children. Contextual factors include socioeconomic status, family stress, and conflict; parent factors included parental depression; parenting factors included parental hostility, support, and scaffolding skills; child factors included child effortful control (EC), negative affect (NA), and sensory regulation. Direct effects of age 5 conflict, hostility, scaffolding, EC, and NA were found. Significant indirect, cascading effects on age 6 ODD symptom levels were noted for age 4 socioeconomic status via age 5 conflict and scaffolding skills; age 4 parental depression via age 5 child NA; age 4 parental hostility and support via age 5 EC; age 4 support via age 5 EC; and age 4 attachment via age 5 EC. Parenting contributed to EC, and the age 5 EC effects on subsequent ODD symptom levels were distinct from age 5 parental contributions. Scaffolding and ODD symptoms may have a reciprocal relationship. These results highlight the importance of using a multidomain model to examine factors associated with ODD symptoms early in the child's grammar school years.

scholarly journals Self-Reported and Parent-Reported School Bullying in Adolescents with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Roles of Autistic Social Impairment, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity and Oppositional Defiant Disorder Symptoms

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Jiun Chou ◽  
Ray Hsiao ◽  
Hsing-Chang Ni ◽  
Sophie Liang ◽  
Chiao-Fan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
High Functioning Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Social Impairment ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Odd Symptoms

The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of self-reported and parent-reported bullying victimization, perpetration, and victimization-perpetration and the associations of autistic social impairment and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms with bullying involvement in adolescents with high functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A total of 219 adolescents with high functioning ASD participated in this study. The associations of sociodemographic characteristics, parent-reported autistic social impairment, and parent-reported ADHD and ODD symptoms with self-reported and parent-reported bullying victimization, perpetration, and victimization-perpetration were examined using logistic regression analysis. The results found that the agreement between self-reported and parent-reported bullying involvement was low. Compared with bullying involvement experiences reported by adolescents themselves, parents reported higher rates of pure bullying victimization (23.7% vs. 17.8%) and victimization-perpetration (28.8% vs. 9.1%) but a lower rate of pure bullying perpetration (5.9% vs. 9.1%). Deficit in socio-communication increases the risk of being pure victims and victim-perpetrators. Parent-reported victim-perpetrators had more severe ODD symptoms than did parent-reported pure victims.

Prevalence of Oppositional Defiant Disorder in a Sample of Spanish Schoolchildren

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Meisel ◽  
Mateu Servera ◽  
Esther Cardo ◽  
Gloria García-Banda
Keyword(s):  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Teachers And Parents

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine the prevalence rate of ODD in school age children, and analyze the variability of the prevalence rates per informant, according to the sources of information, sex, age, and level of agreement between teachers and parents. This is an epidemiological study conducted using a community sample extracted by means of multi-stage stratified sampling. The sample consisted of 1,295 children of both sexes from 6 to 8 years old. For diagnostic evaluation, the Oppositional Defiant Disorder Rating Scale (ODDRS-IV) was used. The estimated global prevalence of ODD, detected by all sources is 16.1%. But if we consider the percentage of subjects detected by only one informant, the prevalence rate is 9.5%. The prevalence according to teachers is 5.1% (95% CI = 3.88–6.31), according to fathers is 9% (95% CI = 7.38–10.54), and according to mothers is 9.7% (95% CI = 8.02–11.29). Teachers report more boys with ODD than girls. Results support the idea of high variability in ODD prevalence rates. Our findings suggest that parents are more prone to detect the disorder than teachers, and that boys present ODD more frequently than girls, only when they are evaluated by their teachers.

scholarly journals Hot and Cool Executive Functions in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Comorbid Oppositional Defiant Disorder

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 584-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya N. Antonini ◽  
Stephen P. Becker ◽  
Leanne Tamm ◽  
Jeffery N. Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Oppositional Defiant Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Oppositional Defiant ◽  
Odd Symptoms

AbstractWhile neuropsychological deficits in both “hot” and “cool” executive functions (EFs) have been documented among individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), these EF deficits are not universal across all individuals with this diagnosis. One potential moderator of executive dysfunction may be the presence of comorbid oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). This study examined the association between “hot” and “cool” EFs and comorbid ODD in children with ADHD. Thirty-three children with ADHD and comorbid ODD (ADHD+ODD), 67 with ADHD without ODD (ADHD-ODD), and 30 typically developing controls participated. Children were 7–12 years of age. “Cool” EFs were assessed with a spatial span task and a card sorting test. “Hot” EFs were assessed using a delay discounting task and a gambling task. ADHD-ODD and ADHD+ODD groups performed more poorly on “cool” EF tasks than controls, but did not differ from each other. Furthermore, the number of ADHD symptoms, but not ODD symptoms, was associated with “cool” EF scores. The three groups did not differ on “hot” EF tasks and the number of ADHD or ODD symptoms was unrelated to “hot” EF scores. In sum, children with ADHD presented with “cool” EF deficits which appear to be unrelated to ODD comorbidity. However, “hot” EF deficits were not present among children with ADHD, irrespective of comorbid ODD status. (JINS, 2015,21, 584–595)

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