scholarly journals Intimate partner violence as a mechanism underlying the intergenerational transmission of maltreatment among economically disadvantaged mothers and their adolescent daughters

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tangeria R. Adams ◽  
Elizabeth D. Handley ◽  
Jody Todd Manly ◽  
Dante Cicchetti ◽  
Sheree L. Toth
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
History Of

AbstractChild maltreatment represents a pervasive societal problem. Exposure to maltreatment is predictive of maladjustment across development with enduring negative effects found in adulthood. Compelling evidence suggests that some parents with a history of child abuse and neglect are at elevated risk for the maltreatment of their own children. However, a dearth of research currently exists on mediated mechanisms that may underlie this continuity. Ecological and transactional theories of child maltreatment propose that child maltreatment is multiply determined by various risk factors that exist across different ecological systems. Intimate partner violence (IPV) often co-occurs with child maltreatment and may represent a pathway through which risk for child abuse and neglect is transmitted across generations within a family. Informed by theories on the intergenerational transmission of child maltreatment and utilizing a community-based, cross-sectional sample of 245 racially and ethnically diverse, low-income mothers and daughters, the objective of this study was to investigate IPV as a propagating process through which risk of child abuse and neglect is conferred from parent to child. We found evidence suggesting that mothers’ history of maltreatment is associated with both their IPV involvement and their adolescent daughters’ maltreatment victimization (with exposure to IPV as a maltreatment subtype excluded for clarity). Maternal IPV also partially accounted for the continuity of maltreatment victimization from mother to adolescent. A secondary analysis that included the adolescent's own engagement in dating violence provided compelling but preliminary evidence of the emergence of a similar pattern of relational violence, whereby adolescent girls with maltreatment histories were likewise involved in abusive intimate relationships. Future directions and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals ASSERTIVE BEHAVIOUR FOR CHILD ABUSE

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 332-335
Author(s):  
U.S. Suveesh ◽  
◽  
Jinu K. Rajan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Potential Harm ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Relationship Of

Children are full human beings in their own right. Child maltreatment is the abuse and neglect that occurs to children under 18 years of age. It includes all types of physical and/or emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, negligence and commercial or other exploitation, which results in actual or potential harm to the childs health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power. Exposure to intimate partner violence is also sometimes included as a form of child maltreatment. Assertive behaviour in contrast to the other possibilities of aggressive or submissive/passive behaviour. The aim of assertive behaviour is to communicate productively with another person, achieving what is often described as a win/win outcome.

Child Welfare Responses Linked to Subtypes of Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence: Evidence From the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 2607-2623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gonzalez ◽  
Harriet MacMillan ◽  
Masako Tanaka ◽  
Susan M. Jack ◽  
Lil Tonmyr
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Welfare ◽  
Incidence Study ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Welfare Services ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Abuse And Neglect

Children exposed to intimate partner violence (CE-IPV) are at increased risk for later health and social difficulties. To date, studies have primarily focused on CE-IPV as a unitary construct; this may lead to the mistaken assumption that all subtypes of CE-IPV (i.e., exposure to direct or indirect physical abuse, or exposure to emotional abuse) are equally harmful requiring similar responses from child welfare services. The purpose of this study was to examine child welfare responses by CE-IPV subtype in a large Canadian child welfare sample. Using data from the Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect–2008 ( N = 2,184), we examined child welfare responses to CE-IPV subtypes or their co-occurrence. Information was obtained from child welfare workers’ reports. Cases with co-occurring subtypes of CE-IPV were more likely to be substantiated and involved multiple incidents compared with that with single CE-IPV subtypes. Cases with direct physical CE-IPV and co-occurring CE-IPV were also more likely to remain open and have an application considered or made to child welfare court. Exposure to emotional IPV was the least likely to warrant interventions by welfare services, including referrals to specialized services. These results suggest that within CE-IPV subtypes, there is evidence of different responses (recommendations and services) once a case has been opened by a worker. Future research is needed to examine the effectiveness of the responses and outcomes for children following child welfare interventions.

Typology and Incidence of Child Abuse and Neglect

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-74
Author(s):  
Lea Tufford
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Corporal Punishment ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Neurological Effects ◽  
Canadian Provinces ◽  
The Impact

This chapter discusses the types of child abuse (physical, emotional, sexual, and intimate partner violence) and neglect. It begins by examining the varying definitions of child abuse and neglect around Canadian provinces and territories. It examines physical abuse versus corporal punishment and the impact of maltreatment into youth and adulthood. The effects of child abuse and neglect into adolescence and adulthood, as well as its neurological effects, are discussed. The chapter then explores the Canadian Incidence Study, which provides a picture of the occurrence of child abuse and neglect as well as professional and nonprofessional referral sources.

Examining the Relationship Between Witnessing Intimate Partner Violence and Victimization Among Children in Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1334-1350
Author(s):  
Majid A. Al-Eissa ◽  
Hassan N. Saleheen ◽  
Maha Almuneef
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
National Study ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
The Relationship

Childhood exposure to violence can lead to physical, mental, and emotional harm, whether a child is a direct victim or a witness to violent events. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between witnessing intimate partner violence (IPV) and victimization among children. A cross-sectional, national study was conducted in secondary high schools in the five main provinces of Saudi Arabia (SA) using International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) ISPCAN Child Abuse and Neglect Screening Tool–Child: Home version. Boys and girls, public and private schools were selected to participate. Students ( N = 16,939) aged 15 to 18 years completed the survey instrument which included demographics, different types of abuse (physical, psychological, and sexual), neglect, and witnessing IPV. Mean age of the participants was 16.8 ± 0.9 years, and 51% were boys. Eighty-one percent lived with both parents, 6% with single parent, and 2% with step-parent. Fifty-two percent of the participants witnessed IPV. Those who witnessed IPV were more likely to be abused compared with those who did not ( p < .01). Among those who witnessed physical IPV, girls had a significantly greater likelihood of experiencing psychological abuse (odds ratio [OR] = 3.7, confidence interval [CI] = [1.9, 6.8]), physical abuse (OR = 1.3, CI = [1.0, 1.6]), and neglect (OR = 1.6, CI = [1.4, 1.9]) but less likelihood of experiencing sexual abuse (OR = 0.6, CI = [0.5, 0.7]) than boys. Among those who witnessed psychological IPV, girls had a significantly greater likelihood of experiencing neglect (OR = 1.3, CI = [1.2, 1.5]) but less likelihood of experiencing sexual abuse (OR = 0.5, CI = [0.5, 0.6]) than boys. Boys who witnessed physical IPV and psychological IPV had a significantly greater likelihood of experiencing sexual abuse compared with girls. Witnessing IPV increases the chances of child and adolescent victimization. Multidisciplinary approaches involving social workers, law enforcement personnel, and domestic violence and child protection workers could effectively respond to this problem.

scholarly journals Unplanned Pregnancy and Its Associated Factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Muslimah Yusof ◽  
Azah Abdul Samad ◽  
Maisarah Omar ◽  
Noor Ani Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Unplanned Pregnancy ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

INTRODUCTION: Unplanned pregnancy is a major public health concern globally. Numerous studies found various factors that can predict or determine unplanned pregnancy. However, there were no studies that reported this problem in Malaysia. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of unplanned pregnancy in Malaysia and the associated factors.METHODS: This nationwide cross-sectional study targeted to women at postpartum period at government primary health care clinics throughout Malaysia. Structured questionnaire with face-to-face interview was used for data collection. The factors studied included mothers’ age, husband’s age, ethnicity, religion, marital status, education, occupation, household income, polygamous marriage, family support, contraception used, and disagreement of husband on contraception, smoking and alcohol consumption. History of emotional, physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) were also studied.RESULTS: A total of 5727 Malaysian postpartum mothers were involved in this survey. The prevalence of unplanned pregnancy was 42.9% (95% CI: 38.6, 47.4). The multivariate logistic regression revealed that older mothers aged 45-49 years old (aOR: 8.010; 95%CI: 1.909, 33.013) and Muslim mothers (aOR: 2.465; 95%CI: 1.432-4.241) were significantly associated with unplanned pregnancy. In terms of household income, mothers with less than RM1000 per month were 1.712 (95% CI: 1.080, 2.713) times more likely to have unplanned pregnancy. The other significant associated factor was history of emotional intimate partner violence; aOR [1.720 (95% CI: 1.011, 2.925)].CONCLUSIONS: Unplanned pregnancies were observed to be higher among older Muslim women from low income family. A possibility of unmet need for family planning should be considered and appropriate intervention strategies planned for these at-risk population. 

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