Study Sampling in the Canadian Study of Health and Aging

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (S1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian McDowell ◽  
Richard Aylesworth ◽  
Margaret Stewart ◽  
Gerry Hill ◽  
Joan Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Participation Rates ◽  
Canadian Study ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Sample Weights ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
National Prevalence ◽  
Representative Samples ◽  
Cluster Design

The Canadian Study of Health and Aging drew representative samples of people aged 65 or over from the community and institutions across Canada. The sample was designed to provide regional and national prevalence estimates for dementia by age and sex. Thirty-six sampling areas were used in a stratified cluster design with optimal allocation; sampling weights were developed to provide population estimates. The sample included 9,008 people aged 65 or over from the community, and 1,255 from institutions. This report describes the sampling procedures, the methods used to recruit people to the study and participation rates, the characteristics of the resulting sample, and the way in which sample weights should be used.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Youth Gambling Problems in Canada: A National Prevalence Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 657-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiun-Hau Huang ◽  
Richard Boyer
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Variance Estimation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Moderate Risk ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
National Prevalence

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of gambling problems among youth aged 15 to 24 years in Canada and to examine whether these gambling prevalence patterns differ by sex and (or) by geographic region. Method: We used data from The Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-Being. Gambling problems were determined according to the Canadian Problem Gambling Index. All prevalence estimates used appropriate sampling weights and bootstrap variance estimation procedures developed by Statistics Canada. Multivariate logistic regression modelling was also employed to supplement the above prevalence comparisons by age, sex, and region. Results: Among Canadian youth aged 15 to 24 years ( n = 5666), 61.35% gambled in the past 12 months and the national prevalence of moderate-risk or problem gambling was 2.22% (3.30% in male respondents and 1.10% in female respondents). Male respondents had significantly higher prevalence of gambling problems than female respondents. Regional prevalence estimates of youth moderate-risk or problem gambling were 1.37% in British Columbia, 2.17% in the Prairie provinces, 2.75% in Ontario, 2.12% in Quebec, and 1.71% in the Atlantic provinces. Conclusions: Youth, particularly young men, are at greater risk for gambling problems than adults. More prevention and research efforts are also needed to address the observed sex differences and interregional variability in the prevalence of gambling problems among youth. The national prevalence estimates from this study provide important baseline data against which future cohorts of Canadians can be monitored and measured.

scholarly journals Diagnosed Depression Among Medicare Home Health Patients: National Prevalence Estimates and Key Characteristics

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 538-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huibo Shao ◽  
Timothy R. Peng ◽  
Martha L. Bruce ◽  
Yuhua Bao
Keyword(s):  
Home Health ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
National Prevalence

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among adults in three regions of France following the lockdown and associated risk factors: a multicohort study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Carrat ◽  
Xavier de Lamballerie ◽  
Delphine Rahib ◽  
Helene Blanche ◽  
Nathanael Lapidus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Nucleocapsid Protein ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
General Adult Population ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Aim To estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in May-June 2020 after the lockdown in adults living in three regions in France and to identify the associated risk factors. Methods Participants in a survey on COVID-19 from an existing consortium of three general adult population cohorts living in the Ile-de-France (IDF) or Grand Est (GE), two regions with high rate of COVID-19, or in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine (NA), with a low rate, were asked to take a dried-blood spot (DBS) for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies assessment. The primary outcome was a positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA IgG result against the spike protein of the virus (ELISA-S). The secondary outcomes were a positive ELISA IgG against the nucleocapsid protein (ELISA-NP), anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies titers >=40 (SN), and predicted positivity obtained from a multiple imputation model (MI). Prevalence estimates were adjusted using sampling weights and post-stratification methods. Findings Between May 4, 2020 and June 23, 2020, 16,000 participants were asked to provide DBS, and 14,628 were included in the analysis, 983 with a positive ELISA-S, 511 with a positive ELISA-NP, 424 with SN>=40 and 941 (Standard Deviation=31) with a positive MI. Adjusted estimates of seroprevalence (positive ELISA-S) were 10.0% (95%CI 9.1%;10.9%) in IDF, 9.0% (95%CI 7.7%; 10.2%) in GE and 3.1% (95%CI 2.4%; 3.7%), in NA. The adjusted prevalence of positive ELISA-NP, SN and MI were 5.7%, 5.0% and 10.0% in IDF, 6.0%, 4.3% and 8.6% in GE, and 0.6%, 1.3% and 2.5% in NA, respectively. A higher seroprevalence was observed in younger participants and when at least one child or adolescent lived in the same household. A lower seroprevalence was observed in smokers compared to non-smokers. Interpretation At the end of the lockdown the prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG or neutralizing antibodies remained low in the French adult population, even in regions with high reported rates of COVID-19.

scholarly journals High and increasing prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 swab positivity in England during end September beginning October 2020: REACT-1 round 5 updated report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Riley ◽  
Kylie E. C. Ainslie ◽  
Oliver Eales ◽  
Caroline E. Walters ◽  
Haowei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
National Prevalence ◽  
Representative Samples

AbstractBackgroundREACT-1 is quantifying prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among random samples of the population in England based on PCR testing of self-administered nose and throat swabs. Here we report results from the fifth round of observations for swabs collected from the 18th September to 5th October 2020. This report updates and should be read alongside our round 5 interim report.MethodsRepresentative samples of the population aged 5 years and over in England with sample size ranging from 120,000 to 175,000 people at each round. Prevalence of PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, estimation of reproduction number (R) and time trends between and within rounds using exponential growth or decay models.Results175,000 volunteers tested across England between 18th September and 5th October. Findings show a national prevalence of 0.60% (95% confidence interval 0.55%, 0.71%) and doubling of the virus every 29 (17, 84) days in England corresponding to an estimated national R of 1.16 (1.05, 1.27). These results correspond to 1 in 170 people currently swab-positive for the virus and approximately 45,000 new infections each day. At regional level, the highest prevalence is in the North West, Yorkshire and The Humber and the North East with strongest regional growth in North West, Yorkshire and The Humber and West Midlands.ConclusionRapid growth has led to high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus in England, with highest rates in the North of England. Prevalence has increased in all age groups, including those at highest risk. Improved compliance with existing policy and, as necessary, additional interventions are required to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the community and limit the numbers of hospital admissions and deaths from COVID-19.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Dysphagia in People With Intellectual Disability: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 377-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Robertson ◽  
Darren Chadwick ◽  
Susannah Baines ◽  
Eric Emerson ◽  
Chris Hatton
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Swallowing Disorder ◽  
Motor Impairments ◽  
Psychosocial Sequelae ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Health Complications ◽  
Representative Samples

Abstract Dysphagia (feeding and swallowing disorder) is associated with serious health complications and psychosocial sequelae. This review summarizes international research relating to the prevalence of dysphagia in people with intellectual disability. Studies published from 1990 to July 2016 were identified using Medline, Cinahl, PsycINFO, Web of Science, email requests, and cross-citations. Twenty studies were identified. Dysphagia in people with intellectual disability appears to be associated with more severe levels of intellectual disability, comorbid cerebral palsy, and motor impairments. However, further research with representative samples of people with intellectual disability using adequate methods of assessment are required in order to provide more precise prevalence estimates and clarify factors that may be associated with dysphagia in this population.

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