Association between the use of benzodiazepines and opioids with the risk of falls and hip fractures in older adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 941-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel E. Machado-Duque ◽  
Juan Pablo Castaño-Montoya ◽  
Diego A. Medina-Morales ◽  
Alejandro Castro-Rodríguez ◽  
Alexandra González-Montoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Risk Of Fall ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACTBackground:To determine the association between the use of opioids and benzodiazepines and the risk of falls with hip fracture in populations older than 65 years in Colombia.Methods:A case-control study with patients older than 65 years with diagnosis of hip fracture. Two controls were obtained per case. The drugs dispensed in the previous 30 days were identified. Sociodemographic, diagnostic, pharmacological (opioids and benzodiazepines), and polypharmacy variables were analyzed. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk of fall with hip fracture while using these drugs.Results:We included 287 patients with hip fractures and 574 controls. There was a female predominance (72.1%) and a mean age of 82.4 ± 8.0 years. Of the patients, 12.7% had been prescribed with opioids and 4.2% with benzodiazepines in the previous month. The adjusted multivariate analysis found that using opioids (OR:4.49; 95%CI:2.72–7.42) and benzodiazepines (OR:3.73; 95%CI:1.60–8.70) in the month prior to the event was significantly associated with a greater probability of suffering a fall with hip fracture.Conclusions:People who are taking opioids and benzodiazepines have increased risk for hip fracture in Colombia. Strategies to educate physicians regarding the pharmacology of older adults should be strengthened.

Drugs With Anticholinergic Potential and Risk of Falls With Hip Fracture in the Elderly Patients: A Case–Control Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel E. Machado-Duque ◽  
Juan Pablo Castaño-Montoya ◽  
Diego A. Medina-Morales ◽  
Alejandro Castro-Rodríguez ◽  
Alexandra González-Montoya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Anticholinergic Drugs ◽  
Female Predominance ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Probability Of Fracture ◽  
Control Study

Background/Objective: To determine the association between the use of anticholinergic drugs and the risk of falls with hip fracture in a population older than 60 years. Methods: A case–control study in patients older than 60 years with a diagnosis of hip fracture. All drugs dispensed during the previous 30 days were identified. Sociodemographic, clinical, pharmacological (drugs according to the Anticholinergic Risk Scale [ARS]), and polypharmacy variables were analyzed. Measurements: Falls with hip fracture and type of drug according to the ARS. Results: A total of 300 patients with hip fracture and 600 controls were included. The mean age was 81.6 ± 8.9 years, with female predominance (71.3%). The use of drugs with moderate (odds ratio [OR]: 1.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-3.27) or high ARS scores (OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.13-2.96) increased the probability of fracture. Conclusions: There was an association between the use of drugs with anticholinergic properties and the probability of hip fracture in elderly patients and it was possible to establish the level of risk.

Tamoxifen use correlates with increased risk of hip fractures in older women with breast cancer: A case-control study in Taiwan

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Chang Hung ◽  
Kuan-Fu Liao ◽  
Hung-Chang Hung ◽  
Cheng-Li Lin ◽  
Po-Chang Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Malnutrition and Increased Risk of Adverse Outcomes in Elderly Patients Undergoing Elective Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Case-Control Study Nested in a Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Cristina Martínez-Escribano ◽  
Francisco Arteaga Moreno ◽  
Marcos Pérez-López ◽  
Cristina Cunha-Pérez ◽  
Ángel Belenguer-Varea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Background: Malnutrition increases worse outcomes during hospital admission for elective colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery in older adults. Methods: This work was designed an observational, monocentric, case-control study nested in a cohort of patients undergoing elective surgery for CRC disease at the Hospital Universitario de la Ribera (HULR) (Alzira, Valencia, Spain) between 2011 and 2019. The study considered patients with a CONUT score in the range of moderate to severe malnutrition (>4 points), with control patients with normal nutritional situations or mild malnutrition. Results: Moderate-to-severe malnutrition cases presented a greater length of stay (LOS), a higher incidence of adverse events (both medical and surgical complications), a higher incidence of surgical-wound infection, a greater need for blood transfusion, and a greater amount of transfused packed red blood cells. During hospitalization, the percentage of patients without nutritional risk decreased from 46 to 9%, and an increase in mild, moderate, and severe risk was observed. Patients with severe nutritional risk at hospital admission had significantly increased mortality at 365 days after discharge (HR: 2.96 (95% CI 1.14–7.70, p = 0.002)). After adjusting for sex, age, and Charlson index score, patients with severe nutritional risk at admission maintained a higher mortality risk (HR: 3.08 (95% CI 1.10–8.63, p = 0.032)). Conclusion: Malnutrition prevalence is high in older adults undergoing CRC elective surgery. Furthermore, this prevalence increases during hospital admission. Malnutrition is linked to worse outcomes, such as LOS, surgical and clinical complications, and mortality. For this reason, nutritional interventions are very important in the perioperative period

scholarly journals Health-protective behaviours and risk of fall-related hip fractures: a population-based case–control study

2006 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancye May Peel ◽  
Roderick John McClure ◽  
Joan Katherine Hendrikz
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Risk Of Fall ◽  
Protective Behaviours ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Visual Risk Factors for Falls in Older Adults: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jignasa Mehta ◽  
Gabriela Czanner ◽  
Simon Harding ◽  
David Newsham ◽  
Jude Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Older People ◽  
Depth Perception ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Risk Factors For Falls ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Falls are the second leading cause of accidental deaths worldwide mainly in older people. Older people have poor vision and published evidence suggests that it is a risk factor for falls. Less than half of falls clinics assess vision as part of the multi-factorial assessment of older adults at risk of falls despite vision being an essential input for postural stability. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between all clinically assessed visual functions and falls amongst older adults in a prospective observational individually age-matched case control study. Methods Visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS), depth perception, binocular vision and binocular visual field were measured using routinely used clinical methods in falls participants (N = 83) and non-falls participants (N = 83). Data were also collected on socio-demographic factors, general health, number of medications, health quality, fear of falling and physical activity. Logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine key visual and non-visual risk factors for falls whilst adjusting for confounding covariates. Results Older adults have an increased risk of experiencing a fall if they have reduced visual function (odds ratio (OR): 3.49, 1.64–7.45, p = 0.001), specifically impaired stereoacuity worse than 85” of arc (OR: 3.4, 1.20–9.69, p = 0.02) and reduced (by 0.15 log unit) high spatial frequency CS (18 cpd) (OR:1.40, 1.12–1.80, p = 0.003). Older adults with a hearing impairment are also at higher risk of falls (OR: 3.18, 95% CI: 1.36–7.40, p = 0.007). The risk decreases with living in a less deprived area (OR: 0.74, 0.64–0.86, < 0.001), or socialising more out of the home (OR: 0.75, 0.60–0.93, p = 0.01). Conclusions The combination of social, behavioural and biological determinants are significant predictors of a fall. The non-visual risk factors include older adults, living in deprived neighbourhoods, socialising less outside of the home and those who have a hearing impairment. Impaired functional visual measures; depth perception and contrast are significant visual risk factors for falls above visual acuity.

Adherence With Bisphosphonates and Long-Term Risk of Hip Fractures: A Nested Case-Control Study Using Real-World Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 757-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varda Shalev ◽  
Sarah Sharman Moser ◽  
Inbal Goldshtein ◽  
Jingbo Yu ◽  
Clara Weil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Bisphosphonate Therapy ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Control Study

Background: Hip fracture is a major complication of osteoporosis. Bisphosphonate medication is the mainstay of treatment for osteoporosis. However, concerns have been raised regarding the effectiveness of bisphosphonates in reducing hip fracture risk after long-term use, particularly among patients with suboptimal adherence. Objective: To examine the association between adherence with bisphosphonate therapy and long-term risk of hip fracture. Methods: Included in the present nested case-control study were osteoporotic women (n = 14 357) who initiated bisphosphonate therapy in 2000-2010 and were retrospectively followed for incident hip fracture through November 2014. Within this cohort, each case of primary hip fractures was individually matched to 3 controls without a primary hip fracture. Proportion of follow-up days covered (PDC) with bisphosphonates was calculated from bisphosphonate purchases. Adherence was categorized into the following groups: purchase of 1 or 2 months’ supply (reference group), at least 3 months’ supply to PDC ≤20%, PDC >20% to ≤80%, PDC >80% to ≤100%. Results: Included in the analysis were 426 case-control groups with a mean age (SD) of 73.7 years (7.9). Compared with the reference group, PDC of 80% to 100% with bisphosphonates was associated with a significant reduction in hip fracture risk for patients with 8 to 15 years of follow-up (OR = 0.39; 95% CI = 0.18-0.87). Among patients with a follow-up of up to 3 years, OR was 0.58 (95% CI = 0.31-1.06). Conclusions: Adherence with bisphosphonates among osteoporotic patients is associated with lower risk of hip fracture, with no indication of diminished effectiveness with long-term use.

Risk factors for hip fracture in older adults: a case–control study in Taiwan

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 773-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.-Y. Lan ◽  
S.-M. Hou ◽  
C.-Y. Chen ◽  
W.-C. Chang ◽  
J. Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Case–Control Study of Hazards in the Home and Risk of Falls and Hip Fractures

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINDY CLEMSON ◽  
ROBERT G. CUMMING ◽  
MARYANNE ROLAND
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fractures ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Control Study

Socioeconomic and clinical risk factors of hip fracture among the elderly: a case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Georgia Zacharopoulou ◽  
Vasiliki Zacharopoulou ◽  
Eleni Voudouri ◽  
Lili Leondiou ◽  
Zacharias Dermatis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Clinical Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Background/Aims The aim of the study was to investigate the socioeconomic and clinical risk factors for hip fracture among a community-dwelling elderly population in Greece. It also aimed to identify characteristics associated with reducing mobility. Methods A case-control study was conducted on 202 patients who had a hip fracture and on 202 other members of the elderly population who did not have a hip fracture as the control group. Results In the multivariate analysis, the variables related to an increased risk of hip fracture were: gender (odds ration [OR]=10.88; 95%confidence Interval [CI]=2.28–51.98), income (OR=32.50; 95%CI=2.96–356.43), income adequacy (OR=129,34; 95%CI=7,09–2360,88), inability to pay expenses/medication (OR=0.02; 95%CI=0.003–0.09), depression (OR=0.03; 95%CI=0.002–0.35), multimorbidity (OR=0.01; 95%CI=0.001–0.97), number of medication (OR=0.02; 95%CI=0.001–0.28) and history of falls (OR=0.08; 95%CI=0.01–0.40). Factors related to deterioration of mobility were: age (OR=28.43; 95%CI:5.45–148.32), dementia (OR=15.60; 95%CI:1.80–135.27), walking ability (OR=0.20; 95%CI:0.07–0.56), balance (OR=9.10; 95%CI:1.89–43.75), use of walking aid (OR=7.42; 95%CI:2.70–20.39), and length of hospitalisation (OR=3.01; 95%CI:1.27–7.14). Conclusions Socioeconomic and clinical factors that lead to an increased risk of hip fracture were identified, as well as factors affecting post-operative functional ability that could guide prevention programmes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document