The divinatory kit from Pergamon and Greek magic in late antiquity

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 173-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Attilio Mastrocinque
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
The Future ◽  
New Evidence

Divination was one of the most important features of the learned magical arts in the Imperial period. Not only do the Graeco-Egyptian ‘magical papyri’ contain an abundance of recipes which claim to enable the practitioner to know the future, but several ancient authors attest that divination was of special interest to occultists. Recent scholarship has indeed recognised the importance of divination in ritual-magical practice, but the relevant archaeological evidence has not been much discussed since the publication of the second volume of Th. Hopfner'sGriechisch-ägyptischer Offenbarungszauberin 1924. The major new evidence here has been the Near-Eastern divination- and incantation-bowls. The present article, however, is concerned with the possible implications of a much older find, the divination kit from Pergamon, and its recently-discovered analogue from Apamea in Syria, for the study of specifically theurgic divination. The rôle of magical ritual within theurgy has received considerable attention in recent years, but the relevance of the divination kits has not hitherto been noticed. I shall argue that the physical instruments employed in theurgic divination help us to understand several features of theurgic practice. I shall also stress the possible contribution of magical gems in the same context, for in them we can recognise images and attributes of divine beings with whom magicians and theurgists identified themselves during their performances.

scholarly journals Developing the Program Evaluation Utility Standards: Scholarly Foundations and Collaborative Processes

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald B. Yarbrough
Keyword(s):  
Program Evaluation ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Educational Evaluation ◽  
Évaluation De Programme ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mise En Œuvre ◽  
Collaborative Processes ◽  
Recent Scholarship

Developing the third edition of the program evaluation utility standards required multilevel collaborations among task force members, members of the Joint Committee on Standards for Educational Evaluation, sponsoring organizations, and hundreds of involved stakeholders. The scholarship on evaluation use, influence, and collaboration was foundational for the utility standards and materials accompanying them and equally important for informing the processes guiding utility standards development. This article emphasizes the foundational role of this recent scholarship and the roles played by all who collaborated in planning and implementing the utilitystandards development processes.Il a fallu une collaboration à toutes sortes de niveaux entre les membres du groupe de travail, les membres du Comité mixte sur les normes d'évaluation en éducation, les organisations commanditaires et des centaines d’intervenants pour arriver à la troisième édition des normes d’utilité en évaluation de programme. Les normes d’utilité et les documents connexes ont leur fondement dans les recherches sur l’utilisation, l’influence de l’évaluation, et la collaboration, recherches qui ont eu un impact important sur les processus qui ont guidé l’établissement des normes d’utilité. Le présent article met l’accent sur le rôle fondamental de ces recherches récentes et sur les rôles joués par toutes les personnes qui ont contribué à la planifi cation et à la mise en oeuvre des processus d’élaboration des normes d’utilité.

Qur'an and History – a Disputed Relationship. Some Reflections on Qur'anic History and History in the Qur'an

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Neuwirth
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Transmission Of Knowledge ◽  
Critical Scholarship ◽  
Textual History ◽  
Circular Argument ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between Qur'an and history is disputed in more than one respect. The Qur'an as a canonical scripture locates itself beyond history. In most current critical scholarship the pre-canonical Qur'an – regarded as no longer reconstructable – is equally discarded. There have been some attempts, however, to restore to the Qur'an a textual history. 28 years after Günter Lüling, Cristoph Luxenberg has renewed the hypothesis of a linguistically and spiritually Syriac–Christian imprinted pre-canonical text. Luxenberg's reading with its far-reaching conclusions has – though in itself little convincing since largely relying on circular argument – revived the debate about the role of Syriac, as the most vigorous linguistic medium in the transmission of knowledge in Near Eastern late Antiquity, in the emergence of the Qur'an. The present paper advocates a search for historical evidence in the text itself trying to show that the complex relationship between Qur'an and history cannot be tackled appropriately without a micro-structural reading of the Qur'an itself. The history of the Qur'an does not start with canonisation but is inherent in the text itself, where not only contents but also form and structure can be read as traces of a historical process.

scholarly journals Decoding the wordplay: Speech act analysis of headlines predicting the future

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-314
Author(s):  
Rabiah Rustam ◽  
Mian Shah Bacha
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
News Story ◽  
Pragmatic Markers ◽  
Future State ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Speech Act Analysis

Present article attempts to analyze the role of the pragmatic markers or illocutionary force indicating devices in the speech acts of prediction. The headlines play a significant role in making a news story readable and approaching large number of audience. The headlines used in the present article were taken from CNN website. These headlines cover a variety of stories related with Pakistan. As the headlines communicate more than what is said they have been treated as speech acts. Searle (1969) defines speech act as a minimum unit of communication which is illocutionary in nature and creates an impact on the mind of the reader. Keeping, this definition in view, the headlines are speech acts that affect the readers. Current study is limited to the headlines that are related to prediction or forecasting the future state of affairs.The detailed analysis of the speech acts finds that the interpretation of the headlines depends on the language devices which help in shaping the illocutionary functions of the speech acts in collaboration with the context. It has also been found that the headlines use negative words more often than the positive ones in an attempt to take the reeaders to the detailed stories.

scholarly journals DIKTYS OF CRETE

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 58-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gainsford
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
Trojan War ◽  
High Profile ◽  
General Overview ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Modern Thought

‘Diktys of Crete’ is a fictionalised prose account of the Trojan War. It does not enjoy a high profile in modern thought, but looms large in Byzantine and mediaeval histories of the Troy matter. Although the ‘Latin Dictys’ has enjoyed a moderate revival in recent scholarship, the Byzantine testimony to Diktys is still badly neglected. The present article focuses on: (1) a general overview of the Greek Diktys, including up-to-date information on dating; (2) a comprehensive list of witnesses to Diktys (the first list of its kind for over a century, and the first ever in English); (3) some problems relating to Book 6 of the ‘Latin Dictys’; and (4) an overview of theSisyphosfrage, that is, the question of the role of ‘Sisyphos of Kos’ in the transmission of the Greek Diktys.

Q 30: 2‒5 in Near Eastern Context

Der Islam ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-42
Author(s):  
Adam J. Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Q 30 ◽  
Book Of Daniel

AbstractThis article aims to contextualize a short Qurʾānic passage – Q 30:2‒5 – with reference to Jewish and Christian materials that have not hitherto been deployed for this purpose. The article builds on the findings of recent scholarship, which reads this passage eschatologically rather than historically, and argues that there are, in fact, two texts that require contextualization: 1) The Qurʾānic verses themselves (which refer only to the fate of “the Romans”); and 2) The early exegetical traditions on these verses (which often add “the Persians” to the eschatological drama). Furthermore, it is argued that the Biblical book of Daniel, and its interpretation in late antiquity, contributed both to the verses themselves and to their exegesis.

scholarly journals Portugal as Nostos Interrupted

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Kark
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Epic Poetry ◽  
The Future

In the present article, I examine the role of prophecy in Gabriel Pereira de Castro’s Ulisseia (1636) and António de Sousa de Macedo’s Ulissipo (1640), two pre-Restoration epics that center on Odysseus as the mythological founder of Lisbon. In both epics, a prophecy drives the hero to found Lisbon as a precondition for making his nostos to Ithaka while also speaking of a fabled warrior landing at the future site of Lisbon in order to found a great empire. is prophecy echoes others that predict the return of the Encoberto, yet they also tempt Odysseus into forgetting his nostos for the sake of Lisbon’s foundation. Insofar as forgetting one’s nostos is associated with a deathlike state (lêthê) in epic poetry, the parallel between Odysseus and the Encoberto strongly suggests that the imperial enterprise itself is a hazard that leads the hero towards oblivion and death. 

Moderns of the Past, Moderns of the Future

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-178
Author(s):  
Arabella Currie
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Latin Poetry ◽  
The Past ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Latin Verse ◽  
The One

This chapter complements the volume’s focus on Celtic–Classical interactions within the notion of Britishness by examining the role of such a dialogue in Ireland’s attempts to extricate itself from the British Empire, and by emphasizing the part that Irish scholars and poets have played in shaping Celtic, Roman, and British identities. It focuses on the Revivalist translator and neurologist, George Sigerson (1836–1925), whose comparative reading of ‘Celtic’ and Latin poetry set out to prove an Irish influence on Latin verse, on the one hand by arguing that Cicero was directly influenced in his poetry by a Celtic druid, and on the other by proving that the author of the first Latin biblical epic of Late Antiquity was Irish. The chapter examines these arguments for the forgotten Celticization of Rome in the light of colonial mimicry, before asking how Sigerson put his theories of the postcolonial power of cross-linguistic influence into practice in his own translation strategy. It concludes by highlighting the lasting implications of Sigerson’s call for a new way of reading texts across languages, attuned to verbal and stylistic echoes and so able to dismantle any strict divide between the Celtic and the Classical.

Raymond Gairard and Romanesque Building Campaigns at Saint-Sernin in Toulouse

1978 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-91
Author(s):  
Thomas W. Lyman
Keyword(s):  
Brick Masonry ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Primary Documents ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Shed Light

A restoration nearing completion at Saint-Sernin in Toulouse has shed light on the building sequence and the role of St. Raymond Gairard, credited by 15th- and 16th-century vitae with completing the "corpus" up to the windows before his death. New evidence suggests that Raymond's "corpus" included the inception of an ambitiously conceived tower façade and vestibule left unfinished in an unsuccessful post-Raymondine campaign to vault the nave in solid brick masonry. The correlation of different masonry types and footings with architectural carving such as bases, moldings, and capital styles, as well as masons' marks leads to the further conclusion that the choir with crossing and transepts was completed in several major campaigns, the last two of which were undertaken after Raymond's nave walls. If the Vita Raimundi excludes Raymond from participation in a "capitis membrum" as historians have believed, it either errs or uses "corpus" to denote the entire crossing and the nave together and "capitis membrum" to denote the crypt wall with its surrounding ambulatory. Whichever the case, the date of 1118 given for Raymond's death in the necrology is not consonant with the archaeological evidence, including the probable date of the transept sculpture toward 1100. Raymond, in this view, would have been most active between 1080 and 1100, the period suggested by primary documents, when he designed the ambitious five-aisled nave and west tower façade, and adopted exposed alternating stone and brick masonry to complete the transepts. The sculpture of Bernardus Gelduinus and the Porte Miègeville Master may both testify to his last active years.

scholarly journals Górski wehikuł czasu. Legenda Rogera Dodswortha w literaturze i kulturze

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 441-449
Author(s):  
Szymon Makuch
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Mary Shelley ◽  
Time Travel ◽  
Deep Sleep ◽  
Time Machine ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Future

A MOUTAIN TIME MACHINE. THE LEGEND OF ROGER DODSWORTH IN LITERATURE AND CULTUREIn various legends and literary works the mountains often served as a place where time travel was possible, as they provided security for protagonists falling into deep sleep for years. It is no coincidence that legends of sleeping knights often place them in the mountains. In 1826 a rumour spread that Roger Dodsworth, who had been buried in an avalanche over 100 years earlier, came to life. The news was circulated by the press across Europe and attracted the interest of Mary Shelley, who devoted a short story to it. The present article is an analysis of press stories concerning the famous hibernatus and the story by the English writer, who saw the popular rumours as a background for reflections on a man from a different period transferred into the future, as well as an attempt to define the role of the mountains in the writings on Dodsworth.

Amicitia

Classics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Rollinger
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Roman Economy ◽  
Christian Perspective ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Vantage Points ◽  
Scholarly Discourse ◽  
Emotional Basis

The question of what constitutes friendship—a true friend—is one that has been asked in many societies and historically contingent periods, and from a number of different vantage points. Just as the Romans interrogated themselves as to the precise nature of their amicitiae, so, too, have ancient historians and classicists investigated the vast field of that relationship. They have asked widely divergent questions: What was the philosophical or emotional basis of Roman friendship? How did Roman authors, from the comedies of the middle republic to later imperial works, discuss friendship? What role did it play in society, in economic or political contexts? How was the traditional notion of amicitia changed by the changing circumstances first of the imperial period and, more profoundly, by the advent of Christendom? Ancient historians and classicists have been attempting to answer these questions for a long time. Scholarly discourse can be broadly divided into two large fields, the first of which was (and is) concerned with the development of Roman philosophical thought on amicitia and, particularly, with Cicero’s famous treatise Laelius de amicitia. As the study of Roman amicitiae is rendered exceedingly complicated by the intentionally vague semantics of Roman terminology, which employs amicitia for a variety of social relationships, not all of which a majority of people would now term “friendships,” little consensus has been reached beyond strictly philological questions. In addition to these philological and philosophical enquiries, however, a second field emerged in the early 1980s, which emphasized the importance of Roman institutions of personal relationships for the study of Roman history, particularly in the field of politics. This perspective has been enlarged in recent years by a renewed interest in the role of amicitia in, e.g., the Roman economy and in the communicative and affiliative strategies that were essential in creating and maintaining amicitiae. Additionally, there appeared what might be called a “democratization” of friendship studies, with amicitia no longer seen as an exclusive phenomenon between elite Roman males. The advent of Christianity (but also of new philosophical schools) in Late Antiquity was accompanied by a distinct rethinking of amicitia from a Neoplatonic and Christian perspective. Schramm 2013 and White 1992 (both cited under General Overviews) offer exemplary approaches and further references, but the changing interpretations of amicitia in the later Roman world make this a distinctly different subject and consequently this period is excluded from this bibliography.

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