Relation of visceral fat and haemodynamics in adults with Fontan circulation

AbstractBeing overweight is associated with reduced functional capacity in Fontan patients. Increased adiposity leads to accumulation of epicardial and intra-abdominal visceral fat, which produce proinflammatory cytokines and may affect endothelial function. This retrospective study to evaluate the association between visceral fat and Fontan haemodynamics included 23 Fontan patients >18 years old with MRI and catheterization data available. Epicardial fat volume indexed to body surface area was measured by cardiac MRI, and intra-abdominal visceral fat thickness and subcutaneous fat thickness were derived from abdominal MRI. Stepwise regression models were used to determine univariable and multivariable associations between fat measures and haemodynamics. Mean age was 28.2 ± 9.5 years and body mass index was 26 ± 4 kg/m2. Mean central venous pressure was 13 ± 3 mmHg and pulmonary vascular resistance index was 1.23WU·m2 (interquartile range: 0.95–1.56). Epicardial fat volume was associated with age (r2 = 0.37, p = 0.002), weight (r2 = 0.26, p = 0.013), body mass index (r2 = 0.27, p = 0.011), and intra-abdominal visceral fat (r2 = 0.30, p = 0.018). Subcutaneous fat thickness did not relate to these measures. There was modest correlation between epicardial fat volume and pulmonary vascular resistance (r2 = 0.27, p = 0.02) and a trend towards significant correlation between intra-abdominal fat thickness and pulmonary vascular resistance (r2 = 0.21, p = 0.06). Subcutaneous fat thickness was not associated with Fontan haemodynamics. In multivariable analysis, including age and visceral fat measures, epicardial fat was independently correlated with pulmonary vascular resistance (point estimate 0.13 ± 0.05 per 10 ml/m2 increase, p = 0.03). In conclusion, in adults with Fontan circulation, increased visceral fat is associated with higher pulmonary vascular resistance. Excess visceral fat may represent a therapeutic target to improve Fontan haemodynamics.

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Subcutaneous fat thickness, but not epicardial fat thickness, parallels weight reduction three months after bariatric surgery: A cardiac magnetic resonance study

International Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.06.099 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 168 (4) ◽

pp. 4532-4533 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Murilo Foppa ◽

Kyle K. Pond ◽

Daniel B. Jones ◽

Benjamin Schneider ◽

Kraig V. Kissinger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Weight Reduction ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Epicardial Fat ◽

Magnetic Resonance Study ◽

Epicardial Fat Thickness ◽

Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽

Fat Thickness

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GRADING SCALE OF VISCERAL ADIPOSE TISSUE THICKNESS AND THEIR RELATION TO THE NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia ◽

10.1590/s0004-28032014000200009 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 118-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luís Jesuino de Oliveira ANDRADE ◽

Paulo Roberto Santana de MELO ◽

Raymundo PARANÁ ◽

Carla DALTRO

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽

Fat Thickness

ContextThe mesenteric fat is drained by the portal system, being related to the metabolic syndrome which is an important risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).ObjectivesGraduate of visceral fat thickness and correlate with the NAFLD degree through ultrasonography method.MethodsWe studied 352 subjects for age, gender, measures of subcutaneous fat thickness and visceral fat thickness as well as the presence and degree of liver fatty. Was analyzed the independent relationship between visceral fat thickness and NAFLD, and linear regression analysis was used in order to predict the visceral fat thickness from subcutaneous fat thickness.ResultsThe mean age of 225 women (63.9%) and 127 men (36.1%) was 47.5 ± 14.0 (18-77) years, 255 subjects had normal examinations, 97 had NAFLD thus distributed, 37 grade 1, 32 grade 2, and 28 grade 3. The subcutaneous fat thickness ranged from 0.26 to 3.50 cm with a mean of 1.3 ± 0.6 cm and visceral fat thickness ranged from 0.83 to 8.86 cm with a mean of 3.6 ± 1.7 cm. Linear regression showed that for every increase of 1 cm in subcutaneous fat thickness the visceral fat thickness will increase 0.9 cm.ConclusionsThe visceral fat thickness measured by ultrasonography is a useful and seems to be able to help estimate the risk of NAFLD.

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Relationship of Echocardiographic Epicardial Fat Thickness and Epicardial Fat Volume by Computed Tomography with Coronary Artery Calcification: Data from the CAESAR Study

Archives of Medical Research ◽

10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.06.010 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 352-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Byung Jin Kim ◽

Jung Gyu Kang ◽

Sung Ho Lee ◽

Jong Young Lee ◽

Ki Chul Sung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Coronary Artery Calcification ◽

Epicardial Fat ◽

Epicardial Fat Thickness ◽

Epicardial Fat Volume ◽

Fat Thickness ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Fat Volume

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Assessment of epicardial fat volume and myocardial triglyceride content in severely obese subjects: relationship to metabolic profile, cardiac function and visceral fat

International Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1038/ijo.2011.117 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 422-430 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

B Gaborit ◽

F Kober ◽

A Jacquier ◽

P J Moro ◽

T Cuisset ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Function ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Epicardial Fat ◽

Severely Obese ◽

Triglyceride Content ◽

Epicardial Fat Volume ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Fat Volume ◽

Myocardial Triglyceride Content

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Potential Role of New Anthropometric Parameters in Childhood Obesity with or Without Metabolic Syndrome

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2019.698 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (23) ◽

pp. 3930-3936 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nagwa Abdallah Ismail ◽

Shadia H. Ragab ◽

Abeer M. Nour E lDin Abd ElBaky ◽

Mona Hamid Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Visceral Fat ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Shape Index ◽

Visceral Adiposity Index ◽

Obese Children ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Liver Size ◽

Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽

Fat Thickness

BACKGROUND: Obese children and adolescents are more prone to have metabolic syndrome (MS).MS is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors associated with insulin resistance. Body round index [BRI], visceral adiposity index [VAI] and a body shape index [ABSI] are among the new obesity anthropometric parameters. AIM: To evaluate the new markers for obesity in children and their possible association with other laboratory and clinical variables of MS. METHODS: Eighty nine obese children and 40 controls aged 10-18 years were recruited. Full history taking, thorough clinical examination, anthropometric and biochemical features were performed in the studied groups. Subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) and visceral fat thickness (VFT) were estimated by ultrasonography. RESULTS: Obese children, exhibited significantly higher values in all anthropometric measurements (P < 0.001). Diastolic and systolic blood pressure were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the obese group. ABSI, BRI and VAI have been found to be significantly higher in obese subjects (P < 0.001), with no significant gender difference. BMI, WHtR, WC/HR, SBP, DBP, subcutaneous fat thickness and visceral fat thickness, Liver Span, ABSI, BRI, VAI and HOMA_IR were significantly higher among children with MS than those without MS. Positive significant correlations of VAI with BMI, WC/Ht, WC/Hip, SBP, DBP, SFT, VFT, Liver size and HOMA-IR (r = 0.384, 0.239, 0.268, 0.329, 0.516, 0.320, 0.254, 0.251, and 0.278 respectively) are shown. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of BMI, VAI, ABSI, BRI for predicting MS was 0.802 (0.701-0.902), 0.737 (0.33-0.841), 0.737 (0.620-0.855), 0.816 (0.698-0.934). CONCLUSION: We suggest using the VAI and WHtR indexes, as they are better predictor of MS.

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Subcutaneous fat thickness, but not epicardial fat thickness, parallel weight reduction after bariatric surgery: a cardiac magnetic resonance study

Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽

10.1186/1532-429x-15-s1-e54 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Murilo Foppa ◽

Kyle Pond ◽

Daniel D Jones ◽

Kraig V Kissinger ◽

Beth Goddu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bariatric Surgery ◽

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Weight Reduction ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Epicardial Fat ◽

Magnetic Resonance Study ◽

Epicardial Fat Thickness ◽

Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽

Fat Thickness

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Abstract 3648: Clinical Cardiovascular Disease in Women is Associated With Increased Epicardial, but Not Subcutaneous Fat Thickness

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.116.suppl_16.ii_828 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽

Author(s):

Noriko Oyama ◽

Philimon Gona ◽

Michael L Chuang ◽

Rahul R Jhaveri ◽

Carol J Salton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Menopausal Status ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Epicardial Fat ◽

Adult Women ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽

Fat Thickness ◽

The Relationship

INTRODUCTION: Visceral adipose tissue, such as epicardial fat, is metabolically active, and may portend increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to subcutaneous fat. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can accurately delineate fat, but data are sparse regarding the relationship of epicardial and subcutaneous fat burden to CVD in community-living adult women. METHODS: 957 women (aged 64± 8 years) in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort, followed by serial examinations since 1974, underwent CMR on a 1.5-T Philips system using an ECG-gated cine SSFP sequence. Epicardial fat thickness (EFT) over the midlevel right ventricle was measured from a 4-chamber view. Suprasternal subcutaneous fat thickness (SFT) was measured at the main pulmonary artery level. We compared EFT and SFT between women with clinical CVD, documented by a physician endpoint committee (+CVD), vs. those without (noCVD) based on Cycle 7 (1998 –2002) clinical data. Differences were assessed by two-sample T-test; ANOVA was used to adjust for age, diabetes, hypertension and menopausal status. RESULTS: The +CVD group comprised 74 (8%) women who were older and more likely to be postmenopausal, diabetic and hypertensive than noCVD women (Table ). EFT was greater in +CVD (10.5 ± 5.1mm) vs. noCVD (8.6 ± 5.2mm) groups, p<0.003. This difference remained significant after adjusting for age, diabetes, hypertension and menopausal status (Table ). No difference in SFT or body mass index was observed between groups (p=NS). CONCLUSIONS: Women with history of clinical CVD have greater EFT than women without CVD, and this difference persists after adjustment for common cardiovascular risk factors. However, subcutaneous fat, as assessed by chest wall adiposity, did not differ between groups. EFT may be a useful marker for cardiovascular risk, and prospective investigation of the relationship between EFT and future risk for CVD is warranted.

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