scholarly journals (A300) Psycho-Physiological Training of Disaster Medicine Staff

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s84-s84
Author(s):  
G.V. Kipor ◽  
N.K. Pichugina ◽  
B.V. Bobi
Keyword(s):  
Medical Staff ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Functional Asymmetry ◽  
Medical Team ◽  
Team Composition ◽  
Emergency Relief ◽  
Brain Hemispheres ◽  
Sophisticated Model ◽  
Medical Teams ◽  
The Individual

Training special medical teams to be prepared for delivering emergency relief to the injured requires a special psychological conformity of individuals and mutual inter-understanding based on professional qualifications. The psycho-physiological approach comprises a set of methods of computerized tools for medical staff education, training, and preparedness, keeping in mind the aim of the necessity of mutual activities in triage process, medical care, and decision-making for evacuating injured victims from the emergency site. The goal of this presentation is to expose the battery of new original methods and technologies of staff preparedness in order to realize the maximum conformity of personal composed together in one unique mobile team sent into the situations of emergency accompanied by psychological tension, insufficient volume of info sharing, field conditions, etc. Methods are based on the measurements of the functional asymmetry of brain hemispheres tested by computer-loaded, original software. Several levels of evaluation of functional asymmetry status have been proposed for discussion and for choosing of criteria for the conformity matrix study. These include: (1) a primary table of digital variables characterizing the first level of comparison of psycho-physiological individual regulation obtained for everyone of the emergency medical team permitting to propose the primary team composition; (2) co-efficients of psycho-physiological regulation for the determination of conformity between the individualities of medical staff team and the dynamics of psychological resistance in emergency environment; and (3) integrative profiles of functional asymmetry, giving the objective fundamentals for team composition and its training, to the ideal sophisticated model of psycho-physiological conformity. Quantitative, objective data give the arguments to prepare the criteria for the composition of field medical team. The individual programs issued from examination are proposed for the improvement of permanent psycho physiological staff conformity.

scholarly journals A psychological health support scheme for medical teams in COVID-19 outbreak and its effectiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. e100288
Author(s):  
Wenhong Cheng ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Yifan Lyu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Medical Team ◽  
Health Support ◽  
Medical Teams

BackgroundMedical staff fighting the COVID-19 pandemic are experiencing stress from high occupational risk, panic in the community and the extreme workload. Maintaining the psychological health of a medical team is essential for efficient functioning, but psychological intervention models for emergency medical teams are rare.AimsTo design a systematic, full-coverage psychological health support scheme for medical teams serving large-scale emergent situations, and demonstrate its effectiveness in a real-world study in Leishenshan Hospital during the COVID-19 epidemic in Wuhan, China.MethodsThe scheme integrates onsite and online mental health resources and features team-based psychosocial support and evidence-based interventions. It contained five modules, including a daily measurement of mood, a daily mood broadcast that promotes positive affirmation, a daily online peer-group activity with themes based on the challenges reported by the team, Balint groups and an after-work support team. The daily mood measurement provides information to the other modules. The scheme also respects the special psychological characteristics of medical staff by promoting their strengths.ResultsThe scheme economically supported a special medical team of 156 members with only one onsite psychiatrist. Our data reflected that the entire medical team maintained an overall positive outlook (7–9 out of 10 in a Daily Mood Index, DMI) for nearly 6 weeks of continuous working. Since the scheme promoted self-strengths and positive self-affirmation, the number of self-reports of life-related gains were high and played a significant effect on the DMI. Our follow-up investigations also revealed that multiple modules of the scheme received high attention and evaluation levels.ConclusionOur quantitative data from Leishenshan hospital, Wuhan, China, show that the programme is adequate to support the continuous high workload of medical teams. This scheme could be applied to medical teams dealing with emergent situations.

scholarly journals Inclusion of Children with Disabilities in Disaster Management

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Jeong-Hun Jang ◽  
Kyoo-Man Ha
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Implementation Stages ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Medicine Education

Disability inclusion of children in disaster management means to identify and then eliminate the challenges faced by children with disabilities during disaster occurrence. The present research aimed to explore how the challenges of children with disabilities can be resolved in disaster management. Qualitative content analysis was used to compare individual-stakeholder-based disaster management with all-stakeholder disaster management considering three stakeholders: developed nations, developing nations, and international organizations. A key finding is that these stakeholders must shift from the individual-stakeholder-based approach to the all-stakeholders approach while enhancing disaster medicine, education, monitoring, and implementation stages. A comprehensive framework of disability inclusion is proposed to reflect effective disaster management for these children.

Mass-Casualty Training Exercise Using High-Fidelity Computerized Simulators and Involving Time and Resource Limitation

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-320
Author(s):  
Phillip A. Jacobson ◽  
Paul N. Severin ◽  
Dino P. Rumoro ◽  
Shital Shah
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Resource Limitation ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Health Care Personnel ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Medical Team ◽  
Training Exercise ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical Teams

AbstractPurpose:Training emergency department (ED) personnel in the care of victims of mass-casualty incidents (MCIs) is a highly challenging task requiring unique and innovative approaches. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively explore the value of high-fidelity simulators in an exercise that incorporates time and resource limitation as an optimal method of training health care personnel in mass-casualty care.Methods:Mass-casualty injury patterns from an explosive blast event were simulated for 12 victims using high-fidelity computerized simulators (HFCS). Programmed outcomes, based on the nature of injuries and conduct of participants, ranged from successful resuscitation and survival to death. The training exercise was conducted five times with different teams of health care personnel (n = 42). The exercise involved limited time and resources such as blood, ventilators, and imaging capability. Medical team performance was observed and recorded. Following the exercise, participants completed a survey regarding their training satisfaction, quality of the exercise, and their prior experiences with MCI simulations. The Likert scale responses from the survey were evaluated using mean with 95% confidence interval, as well as median and inter-quartile range. For the categorical responses, the frequency, proportions, and associated 95% confidence interval were calculated.Results:The mean rating on the quality of experiences related trainee survey questions (n = 42) was between 4.1 and 4.6 on a scale of 5.0. The mean ratings on a scale of 10.0 for quality, usefulness, and pertinence of the program were 9.2, 9.5, and 9.5, respectfully. One hundred percent of respondents believed that this type of exercise should be required for MCI training and would recommend this exercise to colleagues. The five medical team (n = 5) performances resulted in the number of deaths ranging from two (including the expectant victims) to six. Eighty percent of medical teams attempted to resuscitate the “expectant” infant and exhausted the O- blood supply. Sixty percent of medical teams depleted the supply of ventilators. Forty percent of medical teams treated “delayed” victims too early.Conclusion:A training exercise using HFCS for mass casualties and employing limited time and resources is described. This exercise is a preferred method of training among participating health care personnel.

Implementing the Sphere Project’s standards for patient’s healthcare rights in the disaster zone: The experience of the Israeli field hospital in post-quake Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Deganit Kobliner-Friedman, RN, MPH ◽  
Ofer Merin, MD ◽  
Eran Mashiach, MD ◽  
Reuven Kedar, MD ◽  
Shai Schul, MHA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Response ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Field Hospital ◽  
Medical Teams ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Israel Defense Forces ◽  
Privacy And Confidentiality

Emergency medical teams (EMTs) encounter chaos upon arriving at the scene of a disaster. Rescue efforts are utilitarian and focus on providing the technical aspects of medical care in order to save the most lives at the expense of the individual. This often neglects the basic healthcare rights of the patient. The Sphere Project was initiated to develop universal humanitarian standards for disaster response.The increase in the number of EMTs led the World Health Organization (WHO) to organize standards for disaster response. In 2016, the WHO certified the Israel Defense Forces Field Hospital (IDF-FH) as the first to be awarded the highest level of accreditation (EMT-3). This paper presents the IDF-FH’s efforts to protect the patient’s healthcare rights in a disaster zone based on the Sphere Principles.These core Sphere Principles include the right to professional medical treatment; the right to dignity, privacy, and confidentiality; the right for information in an understandable language; the right to informed consent; the obligation to maintain private medical records; the obligation to adhere to universal ethical standards, to respect culture and custom and to care for vulnerable populations; the right to protection from sexual exploitation and violence; and the right to continued treatment.

scholarly journals Withdrawing Versus not Offering Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Is There a Difference?

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon JW Oczkowski ◽  
Bram Rochwerg ◽  
Corey Sawchuk
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Medical Team ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Substitute Decision Makers ◽  
The Individual

Conflict between substitute decision makers (SDMs) and health care providers in the intensive care unit is commonly related to goals of treatment at the end of life. Based on recent court decisions, even medical consensus that ongoing treatment is not clinically indicated cannot justify withdrawal of mechanical ventilation without consent from the SDM. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), similar to mechanical ventilation, is a life-sustaining therapy that can result in disagreement between SDMs and clinicians. In contrast to mechanical ventilation, in cases for which CPR is judged by the medical team to not be clinically indicated, there is no explicit or case law in Canada that dictates that withholding/not offering of CPR requires the consent of SDMs. In such cases, physicians can ethically and legally not offer CPR, even against SDM or patient wishes. To ensure that nonclinically indicated CPR is not inappropriately performed, hospitals should consider developing ‘scope of treatment’ forms that make it clear that even if CPR is desired, the individual components of resuscitation to be offered, if any, will be dictated by the medical team’s clinical assessment.

Practicing Pediatrics in a Rather Special Underdeveloped Country

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 925-926
Author(s):  
WESLEY BOODISH
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Underdeveloped Country ◽  
Medical Team ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Provincial Hospital ◽  
South Vietnam ◽  
Medical Teams

As I near the end of a 12-month tour spent in a 400 bed civilian hospital in South Vietnam as a "pediatrician," I am of course quite interested in Dr. Eskes' letter on pediatrics in underdeveloped countries (Pediatrics, 37:851, 1966). I head a 16 man Navy medical team situated in Quang Tri, working under a program called MILHAP (Military Provincial Hospital Assistance Program). There are now 21 of these military medical teams in South Vietnam—Army, Navy and Air Force—each consisting of three doctors, an administrative officer, and twelve corpsmen.

Strategic Human Capital, Team Composition and Project Team Performance

2016 ◽  
pp. 106-122
Author(s):  
Francesca Vicentini ◽  
Paolo Boccardelli
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Project Team ◽  
Team Composition ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Strategic Human Capital ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Temporary Teams

This chapter seeks to explore what characteristic of human capital at the individual level links to the performance in project-based organizations (PBOs). In particular, we are interested in the enriching of the individual flexibility construct, which has received minimal investigation from the strategic literature. Moreover, the challenges inherent to this topic are arguably more acute in PBOs, where temporary teams are strategically relevant to the success of the performance and individuals need to be more flexible in order to contribute to high levels of project performance. In particular, we support the idea that the flexibility of members enrolled within teams may influence positively the project performance.

Emergency and Disaster Medicine: Assignments and Perspectives

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-257
Author(s):  
L. Koslowski
Keyword(s):  
German Society ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Eugene Ionesco ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Masses

Eugene Ionesco once remarked that an excess of politics and an exaggeration of sports are characteristics of our contemporary civilization. The excess of politization affects all parts of our public life, including medicine and its specialty Disaster Medicine. Political ideologies try to usurp a field that has solely humanitarian objectives, that depends on providing for and applying relief to many people in acute distress. There are already many relief organizations and ambulance services, physician staffed emergency medical services systems and first aid trained laymen. There are state and federal disaster relief authorities. Why then was it necessary to add another organization to this sometimes confusing manifold, the German Society on Disaster Medicine?Emergency medicine is for the individual. It must provide optimal care for each single injured or sick person — except for the shortterm management of multiple casualties. Emergency medical missions are limited by time and locality. These missions are hospital services extended to the scene of the accident and work in connection with hospitals. Disaster medicine is for the masses. Its task is to do the best possible for the largest number of people at the right time and at the right place. This implies that in a disaster situation, optimal care for every single individual can and should not be the goal, but rather the best possible care for the largest number. Disaster medicine has to work in large areas, supraregional and long-term. It needs numerous treatment facilities and several steps or levels of treatment. Therefore it requires a firm medical coordination of lay help, primary professional help, transportation, and specialized hospital treatment with maximal efficiency.

scholarly journals Evolutionary game theory modelling to represent the behavioural dynamics of economic shutdowns and shield immunity in the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 201095 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Ariful Kabir ◽  
Jun Tanimoto
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Emergency Relief ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Behavioural Dynamics ◽  
At Home

The unprecedented global spread of COVID-19 has prompted dramatic public-health measures like strict stay-at-home orders and economic shutdowns. Some governments have resisted such measures in the hope that naturally acquired shield immunity could slow the spread of the virus. In the absence of empirical data about the effectiveness of these measures, policymakers must turn to epidemiological modelling to evaluate options for responding to the pandemic. This paper combines compartmental epidemiological models with the concept of behavioural dynamics from evolutionary game theory (EGT). This innovation allows us to model how compliance with an economic lockdown might wane over time, as individuals weigh the risk of infection against the certainty of the economic cost of staying at home. Governments can, however, increase spending on social programmes to mitigate the cost of a shutdown. Numerical analysis of our model suggests that emergency-relief funds spent at the individual level are effective in reducing the duration and overall economic cost of a pandemic. We also find that shield immunity takes hold in a population most easily when a lockdown is enacted with relatively low costs to the individual. Our qualitative analysis of a complex model provides evidence that the effects of shield immunity and economic shutdowns are complementary, such that governments should pursue them in tandem.

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