scholarly journals URBAN DEPRAVITY, RURAL UNSOPHISTICATION: HEREDITARY TAINT IN HARDY'S TESS OF THE D'URBERVILLES

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-307
Author(s):  
Rosanna Nunan
Keyword(s):  
Religious Faith ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Spiritual Belief ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Morality ◽  
Rural Space ◽  
Tess Of The D'urbervilles ◽  
The Social ◽  
In The Beginning

Critics have used various approaches to explain the paradoxes or inconsistencies evident in the characterization of Angel Clare in Thomas Hardy's Tess of the D'Urbervilles (1891); however, by examining the social purity movement and its response to increasingly popular theories of degeneration at the fin de siècle, we can understand the interplay of contradictory ideas at work in Angel. The tension between the supposedly modern, secular viewpoints that Angel exhibits in the beginning of the narrative and his unexpected return to a conservative and misogynistic ideology upon Tess's confession of her “fall” puzzles readers, fellow characters, and perhaps even the narrator of the novel itself, who accounts for the alteration as simply the hypocrisy of a man who “was yet the slave to custom and conventionality when surprised back into his early teachings” (Hardy 265; vol. 2, ch. 39). Oliver Lovesey suggests that the reason why “Clare somewhat bombastically renounces his father's Christianity, but . . . still stumbles on elements of traditional social morality” and why he “bypasses the resurrection, but cannot negotiate around Tess's ‘unintact state’” is that Tess's “virginity replaces the resurrection in his religion of unbelief” (913–14). Lovesey argues that Angel displaces religious faith in Christ's resurrection onto a material substitute, Tess's virginity, and that the revelation of her lack of virginity then catapults him into a despair akin to the despair of annihilated spiritual belief, “the void of an unbeliever's hell” (924). While I am also concerned with Angel's fetishization of virginity, I believe that it is significant that his obsession with purity extends beyond Tess's virginity to encompass rural space as a whole, a space in which Tess's virginity constitutes but one part. The very capaciousness of Angel's devotion to purity situates him squarely within the environmental binaries characteristic of later theories of urban degeneration.

scholarly journals Emotional expressive lexis in the novel Delije na Bihaću

Post Scriptum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 27-45
Author(s):  
Zrinka Ćoralić ◽  
Mersina Mujagić
Keyword(s):  
Expressive Language ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Social

The paper is the analysis of Ćopić’s novel Delije na Bihaću, i. e. of its marked lexis, which is divided into emotionally-expressive lexis and stylistically marked lexis. There are different typologies of lexis in our language (see e. g. Halilović/Tanović/Šehović 2009). This study, however, employs the classification offered by Katnić-Bakaršić (2007). The analysis includes idioms, loanwords and diminutives extracted from Ćopić’s final novel. Seeking the best way to describe experiences and impressions, Ćopić opted for emotive, inherently expressive language. The analysis of native idiomatic and lexical specifics of the novel reveals the extent to which the use of authentic lexis contributes to a more convincing and credible characterization of characters and gives a clearer picture of the social and linguistic aspects in Krajina during that particular period.

scholarly journals Future and immortality in the religious philosophy of F.M. Dostoyevsky (from the novel «Crime And Punishment»)

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-149
Author(s):  
Li Tianyun
Keyword(s):  
Religious Faith ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
Crime And Punishment ◽  
Fundamental Point ◽  
Unusual Combination ◽  
The Relationship

This article attempts to establish the relationship between the concept of immortality and the future of mankind and the religious faith of the characters of F.M. Dostoevsky's works. This problem is considered with reference to the example of a detailed analysis of the views of the main character of Dostoevsky’s novel «Crime and Punishment» (Rodion Raskolnikov). The characterization of the hero is given in terms of his religiosity. The features of Raskolnikov's worldview are noted; they consist in a combination of faith in God and lack of faith in immortality. It is suggested that the source of such an unusual combination of religious ideas is the historical concept of I.G. Fichte. On the basis of the comparison of the views of other heroes of the novel, the article concludes that the most fundamental point is their idea of immortality as a continuation of the existence of a person in earthly reality. It demonstrates that this point of view corresponds to the religious faith of Dostoevsky himself.

scholarly journals Fatefulness and falling into sin in István Szilágyi’s novel KŐ HULL APADÓ KÚTBA («A stone drops in a dwindling well»)

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-164
Author(s):  
László Csordás
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Hungarian Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Outstanding Work

The study analyses István Szilágyi’s widely known novel Kő hull apadó kútba («A Stone Drops in a Dwindling Well») from the viewpont of fatefulness and falling into sin. The novel is an outstanding work in the 20th century hungarian literature, written by István Szilágyi who lives in the present Romania, Transylvania. The main character, Ilka Szendy faces with ethical dilemmas which can be examined from newer trends of cultural studies such as xenology. This study focuses on the following questions: how does the social system and compunction distort the personality? How does Ilka Szendy become a foreigner in the milieu in which she grown up? What kind of poetical pecularities, motifs, time and place usage represents the girl’s fate in the 20th century by the author? In the beginning of the study I explain the process how the literary historians realised the significance of this novel. This is an important issue because the history of hungarian literature and the history of hungarian literature across Hungary’s border developed differently in the 20th century – different experiences and poetical pecularities can be found in a novel. There are three different reading and canonizing strategies which outlined from the criticisms and studies: in the case of the first one, the emphasize was on the novel’s social aspects. The second one focused on the poetical aspect and structure. In the 2000s occurred the newest strategy which analyses the novel from the viewpoint of cultural studies. In this study I apply this third strategy. With the help of close reading I try to attempt connecting the own body’s alienation and the multiplication of the main character’s (Ilka Szendy) personality with the traumas that she experienced at her young age. Several experiences preceded the fall into sin (murdering), but the narrator tells them only later in the novel. As a reader we can explore the most effectively the fall into sin and the fulfillment of destiny through the context of Ilka Szendy’s experiences, deeds, thoughts, motifs, metaphors and the secrets that lead us into the family’s past. In the end of the study I connect Ilka Szendy’s destiny with her family’s past. The girl died beceause she rode for the fall. She knew that she could never be relesead from her guilt, she could receive absolution only by death.

Casteism and Marriage in Igbo Society: A Study of Buchi Emecheta’s The Bride Price

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-240
Author(s):  
Anisha Ghosh (Paul)
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Exclusionary Practices ◽  
Social Prestige ◽  
The Social ◽  
Caste Status ◽  
Class Status ◽  
Privileged Class ◽  
Bride Price

The most prominent and pronounced form of casteism that prevails in the Nigerian society is the discrimination against Osus. Osu is a caste determined by heredity irrespective of the individual’s religious faith and practices. Though coming from a society where individual merit and achievement entitles one to the highest indigenous title and social prestige, Osus cannot aspire to one for their stigmatized caste status. Under the colonial influence, Osus became the first people to be educated, which made them the earliest Nigerian-Igbo elites, but this privileged class status too could not provide them an inroad into the mainstream of the Igbo society, which makes the Osu identity paradoxical. In this article, we attempt a reading of how the exclusionary practices of Igbo marriage ritual contribute in constructing the Osu identity as perpetually marginalized and, in doing so, how the Igbo society throws its preoccupation with individual merit and achievements as the keys to social respectability to the wind through Buchi Emecheta’s third novel The Bride Price. The novel is a study in different forms of marginalizations and liminalities, which raises questions about agency as it exposes the paradoxes on which the social life of a tribe is riveted.

Women’s Fictional Writing and Social Morality: a Reading of Qalb al-raǧul (Man’s Heart, 1904) by Labībah Hāšim

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 136-156
Author(s):  
Maria Elena Paniconi
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Morality ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Merchant Class ◽  
Original Narrative ◽  
Realistic Scenes

Abstract Labībah Hāšim (1880–1947), a Lebanese-born intellectual and writer, moved to Egypt at the very beginning of the twentieth century and took part in the literary life of Cairene circles, frequenting prominent intellectuals such as the lexicographer Ibrāhīm al-Yāziǧī (1847–1906). She is generally quoted as the founder of the periodical Fatāt al-šarq (Eastern Young Woman, 1906), and subsequently of the first Arab periodical in Latin America (Šarq wa-Ġarb, East and West) during her four-year experience in Chile. Her juvenile novel Qalb al-raǧul (Man’s Heart), published in 1904, is set during and after the social events that shook Lebanon in 1860. The story initially is based on the traditional topos of a contrasted, romantic love and then evolves into an original narrative, characterised by the acute observation of social reality. I highlight here how Hāšim’s narrative embodies a formal and substantial shifting from a romantic and pastoral narrative to a more realistic model. In particular, issues as love, friendship and the quest for self-realisation are vividly discussed throughout the novel, through dialogic and realistic scenes from the daily life of the merchant class.

VAMPIRE VERSUS THE EMPIRE: BRAM STOKER'S REPROACH OF FIN-DE-SIÈCLE BRITAIN IN DRACULA

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-442
Author(s):  
Ertuğrul Koç ◽  
Yağmur Demir
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Fin De Siecle ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Gothic Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Moral Hypocrisy ◽  
Historical Figure ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fin De Siècle

Much has been said about Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897), the out-of-tradition exemplar of the Gothic which, perhaps, has had a more pervasive effect on our understanding of life and death, gender roles and identity, and sex and perversity than any other work of the genre. The vampire from the so-called dark ages has become a symbol standing for the uncontrollable powers acting on us and also for all the discarded, uncanny phenomena in human nature and history. The work, however, has usually been taken by the critics of Gothic literature as “a paradigmatic Gothic text” (Brewster 488) representing the social, psychological, and sexual traumas of the late-nineteenth century. Hence, it has been analysed as a work “breaking [the] taboos, [and in need of being] read as an expression of specifically late Victorian concerns” (Punter and Byron 231). The text has also been seen as “reinforc[ing] readers’ suspicions that the authorities (including people, institutions and disciplines) they trust are ineffectual” (Senf 76). Yet, it has hardly ever been taken as offering an alternative Weltanschauung in place of the decaying Victorian ethos. True, Dracula is a fin-de-siècle novel and deals with the turbulent paradigmatic shift from the Victorian to the modern, and Stoker, by creating the lecherous vampire and his band as the doppelgängers of the sexually sterile and morally pretentious bourgeois types (who are, in fact, inclined to lascivious joys), reveals the moral hypocrisy and sexual duplicity of his time. But, it is also true that by juxtaposing the “abnormal” against the “normal” he targets the utilitarian bourgeois ethics of the empire: aware of the Victorian pragmatism on which the concept of the “normal” has been erected, he, with an “abnormal” historical figure (Vlad Drăculea of the House of Drăculești, 1431–76) who appears as Count Dracula in the work, attacks the ethical superstructure of Britain which has already imposed on the Victorians the “pathology of normalcy” (Fromm 356). Hence, Stoker's choice of title character, the sadistic Vlad the Impaler, who fought against the Ottoman Empire in the closing years of the Middle Ages, and his anachronistic rendering of Dracula as a Gothic invader of the Early Middle Ages are not coincidental (Figure 8). In the world of the novel, this embodiment of the early and late paradigms is the antagonistic power arrayed against the supposedly stable, but in reality fluctuating, fin-de-siècle ethos. However, by turning this personification of the “evil” past into a sexual enigma for the band of men who are trying to preserve the Victorian patriarchal hegemony, Stoker suggests that if Victorian sterile faith in the “normal” is defeated through a historically extrinsic (in fact, currently intrinsic) anomaly, a more comprehensive social and ethical epoch that has made peace with the past can be started.

PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER KEMANDIRIAN BAGI PEREMPUAN DALAM NOVEL LOVE SPARKS IN KOREA KARYA ASMA NADIA (Pendekatan Analisis Gender)

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-272
Author(s):  
Helda Lendari
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Education Material ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Social

Women have similarities between humans in the main teachings of Islam. However, in today’s society women are still regarded as weak creatures compared to men, women have only a role as a wife and mother. Women can not develop their potential because of the phenomenon of gender inequality that occurs in society. Love’s novel Love Sparks in Korea by Asma Nadia has an idea or idea that conveys women’s struggles in facing the problem of Gender, leading to the characterization of female heritage. With their weaknesses, the character of independence has been embedded in them so that they are able to deal with the phenomenon of gender justice that occurs in the community in various areas of life, such as social, economic, educational, cultural and religious fields.Using the method of gender analysis, ie the differences between men and women in roles, functions, rights, responsibilities, and behaviors that are shaped by the social, cultural and cultural values of the research community groups that will be undertaken in the novel Love Sparks in Korea by Asma Nadia, aims to find some quotes that show the character of independence education for women. This research is research library or library research that is qualitative. The intended literature research is to make library materials in the form of books, scientific magazines, documents and other materials that can be used as a source of reference in research. This study also uses a literary approach to gender literature using feminist literary criticism.The results of this study indicate that the independence character education for women in Love’s novel Love Sparks in Korea by Asma Nadia is found in several female characters in the novel which is able to have the character of politics independence independence, education independence, cultural independence and religious independence. The education of women’s independence character in the female characters of Love Sparks in Korea novel by Asma Nadia has relevance to Islamic Religious Education material in SMA / SMK / MA 2013 curriculum in everyday life. The value of Islamic Education should be applied in everyday life, especially Faith and Taqwa of Muslim women today, because a Muslim woman is required to be a smart, independent, creative woman and always keep her faith and devotion to face modern life.

Education of Children in the Tenant of Wildfell Hall by Anne Bronte

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-318
Author(s):  
Gabriela Mihailă-Lică
Keyword(s):  
Charlotte Bronte ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Anne Bronte ◽  
Victorian Era ◽  
Educational Differences ◽  
The Social ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Made In

AbstractThe paper analyses the manner in which the education of children was done in the beginning of the 19th century and how this is revealed in the pages of “The Tenant of Wildfell Hall”, the second and also the final novel written by the English writer Anne Bronte, the youngest of the famous Bronte sisters. Despite enjoying enormous success after its publication in 1848, after its author’s death, Charlotte Bronte - Ann’s eldest sister - refused to republish it. She considered it to be too shocking as it dealt with themes like alcoholism, the ability of women to have paying jobs that enabled them to support not only themselves, but also their families, themes that were considered taboo or the “inhibited, polite, orderly, tender-minded, prudish and hypocritical” Victorian society [1]. We focus on the observations as well as on the subtle mentionings and allusions made in the novel with regard to some of the most important aspects of the Victorian Era education: the schooling of children, the differences between the education of boys and that of girls, the educational differences between the social classes.

scholarly journals Aesthetic Moral Metaphor in The Picture of Dorian Gray and Its Influence on Modern Chinese Aesthetic Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Fang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Oscar Wilde ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Morality ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
The Social ◽  
Picture Of Dorian Gray ◽  
Dorian Gray ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Art For Art's Sake ◽  
The Devil

In “The Picture of Dorian Gray” Oscar Wilde displays his artistic pursuit on art, life and society. Although he advocates “art for art’s sake”, yet his works could not be isloated from the social morality. In the novel, as Dorian sells his soul to the devil for his eternal beauty in appearance, the portait burdens the change of his ugliness. In some respect, the portait is a moral metaphor of Dorian himself. Basil Hallward, the painter of the protait, can be regarded as an artist metaphor to Wilde himself. Lord Henry Wotton, a famous dandy in the novel, manifests Wilde’s aestheic belief in lifestyle. So by analyzing the three main characters, this paper probes into the aesthetic moral metaphors involved in the novel, and talks about its influence on the modern Chinese aesthetic literature.

scholarly journals The Significance of the Conch in William Golding's Lord of the Flies

Lexicon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamiah Solehati ◽  
Bernadus Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Literary Work ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
William Golding ◽  
Lord Of The Flies ◽  
Conch Shell ◽  
Formalism Approach

This research investigates the significance of the conch shell in the novel Lord of the Flies written by William Golding. The focus of this research is to examine the meaning of the conch shell as one of the most important symbols and to observe the dynamic of the main characters in relation to power. The research applies textual formalism approach to uncover the meaning of the symbol. Furthermore, this research is also supported with sociological approach to relate the literary work with the reality of the social condition during that era and to get a better understanding of the characterization of the main characters in the novel. The main data used in this research is the novel Lord of the Flies. To support this analysis, additional data is taken from various sources such as books and academic journals. The result of this analysis shows that conch is symbol of democratic power and order. Furthermore, the conch leads us to understand that we must have rules and authority to maintain a safe environment. Without them, utter chaos is inevitable.

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