scholarly journals Course of Cognitive Functioning in Institutionalized Persons With Moderate to Severe Dementia: Evidence From the Severe Impairment Battery Short Version

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-214
Author(s):  
Evelien T. Wolf ◽  
Wouter D. Weeda ◽  
Roland B. Wetzels ◽  
Jos F. M. de Jonghe ◽  
Raymond C. T. M. Koopmans
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Advanced Dementia ◽  
Severe Impairment Battery ◽  
Global Deterioration Scale ◽  
Severe Dementia ◽  
Severe Impairment ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Over Time

AbstractObjectives: To adequately monitor the course of cognitive functioning in persons with moderate to severe dementia, relevant cognitive tests for the advanced dementia stages are needed. We examined the ability of a test developed for the advanced dementia stages, the Severe Impairment Battery Short version (SIB-S), to measure cognitive change over time. Second, we examined type of memory impairment measured with the SIB-S in different dementia stages. Methods: Participants were institutionalized persons with moderate to severe dementia (N = 217). The SIB-S was administered at 6-month intervals during a 2-year period. Dementia severity at baseline was classified according to Global Deterioration Scale criteria. We used mixed models to evaluate the course of SIB-S total and domain scores, and whether dementia stage at baseline affected these courses. Results: SIB-S total scores declined significantly over time, and the course of decline differed significantly between dementia stages at baseline. Persons with moderately severe dementia declined faster in mean SIB-S total scores than persons with moderate or severe dementia. Between persons with moderate and moderately severe dementia, there was only a difference in the rate of decline of semantic items, but not episodic and non-semantic items. Conclusions: Although modest floor and slight ceiling effects were noted in severe and milder cases, respectively, the SIB-S proved to be one of few available adequate measures of cognitive change in institutionalized persons with moderate to severe dementia. (JINS, 2019, 25, 204–214)

scholarly journals Social Activity and Cognitive Functioning Over Time: A Coordinated Analysis of Four Longitudinal Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra L. Brown ◽  
Laura E. Gibbons ◽  
Robert F. Kennison ◽  
Annie Robitaille ◽  
Magnus Lindwall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Longitudinal Studies ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Semantic Knowledge ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Over Time

Social activity is typically viewed as part of an engaged lifestyle that may help mitigate the deleterious effects of advanced age on cognitive function. As such, social activity has been examined in relation to cognitive abilities later in life. However, longitudinal evidence for this hypothesis thus far remains inconclusive. The current study sought to clarify the relationship between social activity and cognitive function over time using a coordinated data analysis approach across four longitudinal studies. A series of multilevel growth models with social activity included as a covariate is presented. Four domains of cognitive function were assessed: reasoning, memory, fluency, and semantic knowledge. Results suggest that baseline social activity is related to some, but not all, cognitive functions. Baseline social activity levels failed to predict rate of decline in most cognitive abilities. Changes in social activity were not consistently associated with cognitive functioning. Our findings do not provide consistent evidence that changes in social activity correspond to immediate benefits in cognitive functioning, except perhaps for verbal fluency.

Development and validation of the Greek Severe Impairment Battery (SIB)

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Konsta ◽  
Eleni Bonti ◽  
Eleni Parlapani ◽  
Loukas Athanasiadis ◽  
Petros Kechayas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Subscale Score ◽  
Severe Impairment Battery ◽  
Greek Version ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Severe Dementia ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Severe Impairment ◽  
Development And Validation

ABSTRACTBackground:Most neuropsychological batteries, especially those most often used, are unsuitable for the assessment of patients with severe dementia. The Severe Impairment Battery (SIB) was developed for the evaluation of preserved cognitive functions in these patients. The aim of this study was to formulate a Greek version of the SIB and to conduct a first assessment of its use of patients with mild, moderate, or severe Alzheimer's disease (AD), compared to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).Methods:A convenience sample of 42 dementia patients according to DSM-IV-TR criteria and 23 healthy participants was selected. Patients were assessed twice using a Greek translation of the SIB and the Greek version of MMSE. Patients were divided into three severity groups based on grouped by Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score and the SIB and MMSE scores were compared.Results:The validity of the SIB was confirmed by evaluating the correlation coefficients between the SIB and Greek-MMSE, grouped by CDR, which were found to be significant. Cronbach's α for the total SIB score and each subscale score showed high significance, and the item-total correlation for each subscale was also acceptable. The test-retest correlation for the total SIB score and subscale scores were significant. The total SIB score and subscale scores were examined according to CDR.Conclusion:The Greek SIB is reliable and valid in differentiating patients with moderate or severe dementia, whereas MMSE loses sensitivity due to a floor and ceiling effect.

The trajectory of cognitive functioning following first episode mania: A 12-month follow-up study

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1186-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rothanthi Daglas ◽  
Kelly Allott ◽  
Murat Yücel ◽  
Christos Pantelis ◽  
Craig A. Macneil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Over Time

Objectives: Cognitive deficits are apparent in the early stages of bipolar disorder; however, the timing and trajectory of cognitive functioning following a first episode of mania remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the trajectory of cognitive functioning in people following a first episode of mania over a 12-month period, relative to healthy controls. Method: The cohort included 61 participants who had recently stabilised from a first treated manic episode, and 21 demographically similar healthy controls. These groups were compared on changes observed over time using an extensive cognitive battery, over a 12-month follow-up period. Results: A significant group by time interaction was observed in one measure of processing speed (Trail Making Test – part A,) and immediate verbal memory (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test – trial 1), with an improved performance in people following a first episode of mania relative to healthy controls. On the contrary, there was a significant group by time interaction observed on another processing speed task pertaining to focussed reaction time (Go/No-Go, missed go responses), with first episode of mania participants performing significantly slower in comparison with healthy controls. Furthermore, a significant group by time interaction was observed in inhibitory effortful control (Stroop effect), in which healthy controls showed an improvement over time relative to first episode of mania participants. There were no other significant interactions of group by time related to other measures of cognition over the 12-month period. Conclusion: Our findings revealed cognitive change in processing speed, immediate memory and one measure of executive functioning over a 12-month period in first episode of mania participants relative to healthy controls. There was no evidence of change over time for all other cognitive domains. Further studies focussed on the at-risk period, subgroup analysis, and the effects of medication on the cognitive trajectory following first episode of mania are needed.

scholarly journals Validity of the Severe Impairment Battery Short Version

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 954-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
J F M de Jonghe ◽  
R B Wetzels ◽  
A Mulders ◽  
S U Zuidema ◽  
R T C M Koopmans
Keyword(s):  
Short Version ◽  
Severe Impairment Battery ◽  
Severe Impairment

scholarly journals Loneliness and Cognitive Functioning Over Time: Using Ambulatory Cognitive Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 566-566
Author(s):  
Jee-eun Kang ◽  
Karra Harrington ◽  
Martin Sliwinski
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Growth Curve Modeling ◽  
Cognitive Health ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
Curve Modeling ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Loneliness has been investigated as a risk factor for cognitive health, but results were inconsistent. This study used three measurement bursts of ambulatory cognitive assessment to determine whether loneliness affects longitudinal changes in cognitive functioning in daily life. At each burst, participants performed cognitive assessment five times a day for 14 days. 138 adults (Mage=49.4) who completed all three bursts were included in this study. Growth curve modeling showed that, on average, scores of cognitive functioning were improved across a 2 year period (p<.001). The chronic lonely group (in the highest tertile at all 3 bursts) showed less improvement in scores compared to non-lonely people (p<.01), although there was no difference in cognitive functioning at the baseline between two groups. This study indicates that we need a repeated measurement of cognitive functioning and longitudinal approach to detect the effect of chronic loneliness on the rate of cognitive change. Part of a symposium sponsored by the Measurement, Statistics, and Research Design Interest Group.

Clinical evaluation of brief cognitive assessment measures for patients with severe dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1169-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmine S. Dixon ◽  
Deborah G. Saddington ◽  
Celia J. Shiles ◽  
Kavya P. Sreevalsan ◽  
Cynthia A. Munro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental State ◽  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Severe Impairment Battery ◽  
Cognitive Assessments ◽  
Severe Dementia ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Severe Impairment ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
State Examination

ABSTRACTBackground:Alzheimer's disease has become an important public health burden for older adults. Clinicians face a challenging task to efficiently evaluate cognition in dementia in clinical settings. We sought to assess the validity and inter-correlations of brief cognitive assessments in a cohort of severely demented patients.Methods:In total, 49 individual patients (N = 49) ranging in age from 62 to 97 years old were included in this performance improvement project. Over the course of two–three sessions, five cognitive instruments were administered to each patient: Severe Impairment Battery (SIB), Severe Impairment Battery-8 (SIB-8), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Severe Mini Mental State Examination (sMMSE) and Brief Interview of Mental Status (BIMS). We sought to assess patient factors that might have been barriers to optimal performance on cognitive/functional tests. Researchers assessed her impression of the participants’ difficulty comprehending instructions, distractibility, apparent fatigue, and frustration, which were the four barriers rated.Results:Data were analyzed for 49 patients from the inpatient dementia unit with a total of 51 samples. All of the inter-correlations between the five cognitive instruments had Spearman coefficients of (rs) > 0.7 and were statistically significant with p < 0.001. The SIB-8 and sMMSE were positively correlated with the SIB. The perceived barrier scores ranged from 0- no issue to 1-mild issue on all five cognitive instruments.Conclusion:Brief cognitive tests designed for severe dementia such as the SIB-8 and sMMSE have been evaluated in this project to be shorter in administration duration and highly correlated with gold standard instruments: the SIB and MMSE.

scholarly journals Apolipoprotein ɛ4 Allele and Subjective Cognitive Functioning in Parents of Adults With Disabilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. e189-e197
Author(s):  
Jieun Song ◽  
Marsha R Mailick ◽  
Jan S Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Adult Children ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Cognitive Change ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Adults With Disabilities ◽  
E4 Allele ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Objectives Parents of individuals with disabilities face ongoing responsibilities of providing care and support for their children, even during the child’s adulthood. Past research has shown that this caregiving role is linked to chronic stress and subsequent adverse health outcomes for parents, including impaired cognition. This study examines the impacts of genetic risk for cognitive impairment (apolipoprotein [APOE] ɛ4 allele) among parents of adults with disabilities and comparison parents whose adult children do not have disabilities. Method We performed rank order regression analysis of data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (2004–2006 and 2010–2012 surveys and DNA samples). Participants included parents of adults with disabilities (247 mothers and 159 fathers) and comparison parents whose adult children were not disabled (1,482 mothers and 954 fathers). Results Mothers who had adult children with disabilities and who were APOE ɛ4 carriers reported significantly declining levels of subjective cognitive functioning over time, but mothers of adults with disabilities who did not have the APOE ɛ4 allele did not manifest this change. Among comparison group mothers, cognitive change over time was not a function of their APOE ɛ4 carrier status. Fathers’ cognitive function did not differ significantly by either parental status or APOE ɛ4 carrier status. Discussion The results show that older mothers of adults with disabilities are more susceptible to cognitive impairment than their age peers if they have the genetic risk factor of APOE ɛ4 allele.

scholarly journals Accumulation and Phytotoxicity of Two Commercial Biocides in the Lichen Evernia prunastri and the Moss Brachythecium sp.

Stresses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Andrea Vannini ◽  
Giulia Canali ◽  
Sergio Enrico Favero-Longo ◽  
Stefano Loppi
Keyword(s):  
Benzalkonium Chloride ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Model Species ◽  
Evernia Prunastri ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
Severe Impairment ◽  
Over Time

This study investigated the accumulation and phytotoxicity of two commercial biocides widely used for the removal of biological colonization from monuments, namely Biotin T® (3%) and Preventol RI80® (2%), on lichen and moss model species, specifically, Evernia prunastri and Brachythecium sp. The active compounds, benzalkonium chloride (BAC) for Preventol RI80 and isothiazolinone (OIT) for Biotin T, were accumulated in similar amounts in both species without significant changes for up to 21 days. Both compounds caused a severe impairment of the photosynthetic apparatus of these species, without any recovery over time, although Biotin T showed a faster and stronger action, and the moss was more sensitive than the lichen. By shedding light on the accumulation of BAC and OIT in lichens and mosses and quantifying their effectiveness to photosynthetically devitalize these organisms, the obtained results are a useful comparison for the implementation of green alternative products for the control of biodeteriogens.

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