scholarly journals Understanding productivity effects of hydraulic fracturing in unconventional natural gas deposits and implications for adoption in the developing world

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Timothy Fitzgerald ◽  
Charles F. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Consumer Surplus ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The North ◽  
Policy Goals

Abstract Hydraulic fracturing (HF) has transformed the North American oil and gas industry, leading to increased consumer surplus and reduced carbon emissions. While HF may have similar potential for the developing world, adoption has been limited to date, plausibly because of perceptions of potential local costs and the need to develop technical proficiency. We empirically evaluate the incremental contribution of HF in the United States. We find considerable evidence of differences in application and productivity across operating firms and vertical pairings of firms, suggesting intellectual property and learning by doing may both play important roles. At the same time, secrecy regarding the chemical composition of fluids used in HF is a potential deterrent to its application for fear of local costs. Developing countries must accommodate these characteristics if adoption of HF is to help meet energy demands and achieve climate policy goals.

Shale, Quakes, and High Stakes: Regulating Fracking-Induced Seismicity in Oklahoma, USA and Lancashire, UK

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Miriam R. Aczel ◽  
Karen E. Makuch
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Seismic Activity ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
High Volume ◽  
The United States ◽  
Horizontal Drilling ◽  
Induced Seismic Activity

High-volume hydraulic fracturing combined with horizontal drilling has “revolutionized” the United States’ oil and gas industry by allowing extraction of previously inaccessible oil and gas trapped in shale rock [1]. Although the United States has extracted shale gas in different states for several decades, the United Kingdom is in the early stages of developing its domestic shale gas resources, in the hopes of replicating the United States’ commercial success with the technologies [2, 3]. However, the extraction of shale gas using hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling poses potential risks to the environment and natural resources, human health, and communities and local livelihoods. Risks include contamination of water resources, air pollution, and induced seismic activity near shale gas operation sites. This paper examines the regulation of potential induced seismic activity in Oklahoma, USA, and Lancashire, UK, and concludes with recommendations for strengthening these protections.

Simulation of proppant transport and fracture plugging in the framework of a radial hydraulic fracturing model

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 325-339
Author(s):  
Vasily N. Lapin ◽  
Denis V. Esipov
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Fluid Injection ◽  
Subtraction Technique ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Proppant Transport ◽  
Hydraulic Fracture Propagation

AbstractHydraulic fracturing technology is widely used in the oil and gas industry. A part of the technology consists in injecting a mixture of proppant and fluid into the fracture. Proppant significantly increases the viscosity of the injected mixture and can cause plugging of the fracture. In this paper we propose a numerical model of hydraulic fracture propagation within the framework of the radial geometry taking into account the proppant transport and possible plugging. The finite difference method and the singularity subtraction technique near the fracture tip are used in the numerical model. Based on the simulation results it was found that depending on the parameters of the rock, fluid, and fluid injection rate, the plugging can be caused by two reasons. A parameter was introduced to separate these two cases. If this parameter is large enough, then the plugging occurs due to reaching the maximum possible concentration of proppant far from the fracture tip. If its value is small, then the plugging is caused by the proppant reaching a narrow part of the fracture near its tip. The numerical experiments give an estimate of the radius of the filled with proppant part of the fracture for various injection rates and leakages into the rock.

scholarly journals STATUS AND EVALUATION OF DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS WORLD OIL EXPORTERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Х. Р. Асхабов ◽  
Р. И. Ахъядов ◽  
Ю. Х. Тарамов ◽  
А. А. Эльмурзаев
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Development Effectiveness ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Effective Development

В современное время нефтегазовая отрасль обладает большим потенциалом для развития экономики, благодаря чему ее регулированию уделяется внимание на международном уровне. К примеру, стоит упомянуть Организацию стран - экспортеров нефти, которая была создана нефтедобывающими странами в целях контроля квот добычи на нефть. Актуальность публикации заключается в том, что на сегодняшний день нефтяная отрасль продолжает оказывать значительное влияние на экономику стран, чье устойчивое развитие определяется успешным развитием нефтяной промышленности. Рассмотреть, проанализировать и обозначить, на наш взгляд, перспективы эффективного развития отраслей нефтяной промышленности Российской Федерации, по сравнению с развитием нефтяной промышленности гигантов данной отрасли - Саудовской Аравии и Соединенных Штатов Америки, явилось целью исследования в данной статье. In modern times, the oil and gas industry has great potential for the development of the economy, due to which its regulation is paid attention at the international level. For example, it is worth mentioning the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, which was established by oil-producing countries to control oil production quotas. The relevance of the publication is that today the oil industry continues to have a significant impact on the economies of countries whose sustainable development is determined by the successful development of the oil industry. To consider, analyse and outline, in our opinion, the prospects for the effective development of the oil industries of the Russian Federation, in comparison with the development of the oil industry of the following giants of this industry of Saudi Arabia and the United States of America, was the purpose of the study in this article.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF CORROSION CONTROL IN PIPELINES

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-49
Author(s):  
Shree Meenakshi. K
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Pipe Material ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Copper Aluminum ◽  
Pipeline Corrosion

Pipeline corrosion is the deterioration of pipe material and the related system due to its interaction with the working environment. It affects pipeline and accessories made of both metals and non-metals. Pipeline corrosion—and the related catastrophic failures that it can cause—cost billions of dollars to the economy. The total annual cost of corrosion in 2016, including direct and indirect costs, was estimated at over USD $1.1 trillion in the United States. In other words, corrosion is a big problem. It predominantly affects pipelines made of metals such as copper, aluminum, cast iron, carbon steel, stainless steel and alloy steel pipes used for buried, underground, submerged or other pipelines. That makes designing and selecting the best available systems and materials for pipelines and their corrosion protection systems an extremely important issue for the oil and gas industry. In this research paper we will investigate and take a look at the key types of corrosion that affect pipelines, and some of the methods that are used to protect this infrastructure.

Ready to collaborate? Operator and supply chain under the spotlight

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 498
Author(s):  
Mike Lynn ◽  
Alan Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Capital Projects ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
New Ways Of Working ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Uk

In the last 12 months or so, particularly with the drop in oil price, there’s been a lot of speculation about the future of the Australian oil and gas industry. Strenuous efforts are being made to bring down costs, reduce complexity and expedite the completion of major capital projects. Yet with the commodity price looking likely to be subdued for some time, serious questions persist. How can we sustain activity in Australia, secure the investment needed to continue exploration and appraisal drilling, for the next wave of projects? In looking for answers to these challenges, collaboration is a theme that comes up time and time again. But what does it actually mean? What does it look like in practice? Who does it well and how? And which companies are reaping the rewards of great collaboration? To fill this knowledge gap we are launching a survey which will look at many aspects of collaboration in the Australia and compare this with the results of similar surveys conducted in the UK. We will be looking to survey both operators and service companies working in the Australia and find out: What does collaboration mean? What constitutes effective collaboration? How do companies view themselves and each other as collaborators? How does collaboration in Australia compare with companies in the North Sea? We hope a better understanding of collaboration could help companies in Australia continue to improve productivity and efficiency, adopt new ways of working, and truly make the most of Australia’s abundant resources.

OVERSEAS RECRUITING IN THE OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY — A CASE STUDY

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
R. Bogan
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Sufficient Information ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
High Level

Early in 1982 CSR Limited established an Oil and Gas Division. By 1983 this Division had recruited twenty-six overseas technical personnel mainly from Canada and the United Kingdom. The Company needed to recruit overseas because the skills required were not available in Australia.During 1983 a review of the recruitment and settlement of these personnel and their families was undertaken. The objectives of this review were to:improve the Company performance in the recruitment, induction and settlement of overseas recruits and their families;increase the likely "length of stay" in Australia of overseas recruits and their families;to address specific problems faced by recruits and their families in settlement in Australia.In depth interviews were conducted with twenty-one of the twenty-six recruits and their families using a structured interview format.The analysis of the interviews results revealed that:on average it took longer for those recruited in the United Kingdom to obtain immigration "approvals" and to physically relocate than those recruited in Canada;families with previous experience in relocating adapted and coped better with the physical move and resettlement than families without previous experience.The detailed results showed further that:While there was sufficient information provided about the job and department, there was dissatisfaction with the lack of detailed information about aspects of living in Australia, particularly: taxation; housing; bank mortgage arrangements; cost of living data and medical insurance.There were gaps in the expectations that many- recruits and their families had about living in Australia, such as climate, lifestyle and housing. This was attributed to an "oversell" through glossy brochures and "word pictures".The attention given to staff and their families on arrival was seen as a positive introduction to Australia and CSR's Oil and Gas Division.The provision of initial temporary accommodation in a single apartment complex for all overseas recruits and families in Adelaide assisted greatly in the induction and settlement process. It provided a high level of support especially for wives with young children. The "welcome waggon" group together with the assistance provided by the wives of senior executives were also positive influences in the settlement process.The most positive features seen in the move to Australia were career and lifestyle opportunities. On the other hand loss of disposable income was seen as a significant negative.From the results and analysis a detailed set of recommendations and actions were developed to improve company performance in recruitment and settlement. These recommendations were implementated prior to the 1984 recruiting mission to Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom.The preliminary results from the 1984 recruiting mission have resulted in:a reduction in recruiting lead time;quicker and more informed decision making by candidates and their families in accepting job offers;more professional preparation of both the recruiting teams and the company's agents overseas.

VARIABILITY OF ORE MINERALIZATION IN THE NORTH-WEST-TRENDING EXTENSIONOF THE LUBIN–SIEROSZOWICE DEPOSIT

2017 ◽  
pp. 109-0 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir OSZCZEPALSKI ◽  
Andrzej CHMIELEWSKI ◽  
Stanisław SPECZIK
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Sulphide Mineralization ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Ore Mineralization ◽  
Exploration Drilling ◽  
Drill Holes

The Polish Geological Institute – NRI has conducted investigations of the Kupferschiefer series since 1957, when the giant sediment-hosted stratiform Cu-Ag ore deposit was discovered in the central part of the Fore-Sudetic Monocline. Until 1991, a number of drilling programs were completed by PGI-NRI and later research has been focusing mainly on cooperation with oil and gas industry and their core material. Over the last few years, thanks to systematic examination of the drill holes located in the north-western extension, many prospective areas have been recognized and delineated. These prospects are located between Lubin-Sieroszowice deposit and the eastern part of the Zielona Góra oxidized field. In the Kożuchów area, the lower part of Zechstein copper-bearing series contain only relict sulphide mineralization accompanied by iron oxides while reduced rocks with metal sulphides occur in the uppermost part of Zechstein Limestone or at the base of Lower Anhydrite. Grochowice area, where reduced facies prevail in copper-bearing series, is characterized by the predomination of rich Cu-Ag mineralization proximaly to oxidized area. The western part of studied area is dominated by Cu-S type sulphides (chalcocite, digenite, covellite) whereas the eastern part is represented by Cu-Fe-S type minerals (bornite, chalcopyrite) with high galena and sphalerite concentrations. The spatial variability of sulphide mineralization with respect to the oxidized rocks indicates that Bytom Odrzański deposit extends in the north-west direction, continuing in the form of a copper belt along the eastern border of the oxidized area. An extensive deep exploration drilling program is implemented to verify the resource potential within predicted copper belt.

Manufacture and Qualification of Small Diameter / Thickwall Reelable DSAWL Linepipe

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Hall ◽  
Martin Connelly ◽  
Graham Alderton ◽  
Andrew Hill ◽  
Shuwen Wen
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The North ◽  
Innovative Thinking ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Cost

Tough market conditions have seen the price of oil drop which with the subsequent uncertainty surrounding the industry have seen the oil and gas industry concentrate on reducing the cost of designing, installing and operating pipelines. A critical process for the industry is the procurement, manufacture and installation of appropriate linepipe. The method of installation is often dictated by the pipe size and the water depth that the pipe is to be laid in, however there are times when the choice of lay method is due to vessel availability and relative costs for each technique. In early 2014, Tata Steel successfully manufactured and delivered 16"OD × 0.875”WT X65 submerged arc welded longitudinal (SAWL) linepipe for installation via the reel lay method. Notable features about this fact were the size, which represents the thickest 16” external diameter UOE pipe yet delivered by Tata Steel, and that this was to be the first UOE pipe to be installed by the reel lay method in the North Sea. The ability to manufacture small diameter thickwall linepipe was only possible due to recent operational developments including an established tooling programme and a fully validated Finite Element (FE) model of the UOE process, along with years of experience of integrating these tools into the manufacturing process. This paper discusses the manufacturing challenges for small diameter thickwall linepipe, and how with the aid of modelling tools, innovative thinking and previous experience in supplying small diameter thickwall linepipe into two reel-installed projects, the pipe was manufactured and delivered with the properties shown to be compliant with DNV OS-F101 Supplementary Requirement P.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document