Maternal anthropometry as a predictor of birth weight

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether maternal anthropometry predicted birth weight, and if so, to identify which cut-offs provided the best prediction of low birth weight (LBW) in a field situation.DesignCommunity-based longitudinal study.SettingA rural union of Bhaluka Upazila, Mymensingh, located 110 km north-west of Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh.ParticipantsA total of 1104 normotensive, non-smoking pregnant women who attended community nutrition centres were studied from first presentation at the centre until delivery of their child.ResultsMost of the pregnant mothers were between 20 and 34 years of age. Over one-third of the women were nulliparous, while 12.8% were multiparous (parity ≥ 4). Most (93%) mothers registered between the 3rd and 5th month of pregnancy. The frequency of LBW ( < 2500 g) was 17%. Polynomial regression analyses showed that the best predictors of birth weight (based on adjusted R2 values) were in general weight at registration and weight at month 9, with adjusted R2 ranging from 2.5% to nearly 20%. Sequential regression analyses with height and weight showed that there was a significant effect of height after removing the weight variables, and adjusted R2 increased in all analyses. Weight and height at registration month continued to be the best predictors of LBW. Sensitivity and specificity curves were drawn for each registration month, body mass index and different weight gain groups, and using different weight and height combinations. The results showed that, for registration month 3–5, a combination of weight ( ≤ 45 kg) and height ( ≤ 150 cm) gave the highest sensitivity, which was 50%. However, maternal weight ≤ 43 kg in pregnancy month 3–5 alone gave the highest sensitivity of 80%.ConclusionThe best predictor of birth weight as a continuous variable was maternal weight at registration, each 1 kg increase in weight at registration being associated with an increase in birth weight of about 260 g. Maternal weight ≤ 43 kg in pregnancy month 3–5 alone gave the highest sensitivity of 80%. A combination of initial weight and height of the mother was not as good a predictor of LBW as weight alone.

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Maternal Weight Gain, Smoking and Other Factors in Pregnancy as Predictors of Infant Birth-weight in Sydney Women

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology ◽

10.1111/j.1479-828x.1989.tb01722.x ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 212-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

S. Ash ◽

C.C. Fisher ◽

A.S. Truswell ◽

J.R. Allen ◽

L. Irwig

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Maternal Weight Gain ◽

Maternal Weight ◽

Infant Birth ◽

In Pregnancy

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Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy: a community-based delivery system and its effect on parasitemia, anemia and low birth weight in Uganda

International Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1016/j.ijid.2006.10.008 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 22-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Anthony K. Mbonye ◽

Ib Bygbjerg ◽

Pascal Magnussen

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Delivery System ◽

Intermittent Preventive Treatment ◽

Preventive Treatment ◽

Malaria In Pregnancy ◽

Community Based ◽

In Pregnancy

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Factors influencing foetal growth in pregnancy complicated by diabetes

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20174746 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 2136

Author(s):

Sathish Kumar S. ◽

Anandhi A. ◽

Luke Ravi Chelliah ◽

Karthick A. R.

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Fetal Growth ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Growth Pattern ◽

Abdominal Circumference ◽

Large For Gestational Age ◽

Maternal Weight ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus represents a metabolically altered fetal environment due to an increased maternal supply of carbohydrates. It leads to fetal hyperinsulinemia and stimulates insulin-sensitive tissue, predominantly of the abdomen, resulting in increased fetal growth and delivering large-for-gestational-age newborns. Implications of fetal hyperinsulinemia reach far beyond delivery. Children of mothers with diabetes in pregnancy are predisposed to develop obesity and glucose intolerance through a non-genetic “fuel-mediated” mechanism. The objective of the present study was to study the “fetal growth pattern at different periods of pregnancy complicated by diabetes” and to identify the factors that influence the fetal growth pattern in pregnancy complicated by diabetesMethods: 69 pregnant women with diabetes and 34 pregnant women without diabetes were included in the study by random sampling. Maternal parameters such as age, parity, height, weight at registration, and weight gain during pregnancy, BMI at the time of registration of pregnancy and at the time of delivery, detailed diabetic profile and management including meal plan, insulin administration and dosage were recorded. The fetuses were monitored for Biparietal diameter, abdomen circumference, femur length by 2 ultrasound examinations, one at 18-22 weeks and another at 28-32 weeks were performed. Soon after delivery, sex, gestational age, birth weight, length, head circumference and chest circumference of the newborn were recorded and infants were classified as LGA/SGA/AGA.Results: Maternal age, parity, BMI at the time of delivery and maternal weight gain had significant influence on the birth weight. The abdominal circumference of the fetus detected at 18-20 and 28-32 ultrasound scans had a very significant correlation with neonatal mean birth weight percentile. Conclusions: Not all babies born to diabetic mothers are macrosomic. SGA babies were not uncommon in pregnancies with diabetes especially in those who did not have significant micro vasculopathy. Maternal nutrition plays a significant key role in determining birth weight of babies even in pregnancies complicated by diabetes.

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Growth of Breast-Fed Infants Deviates From Current Reference Data: A Pooled Analysis of US, Canadian, and European Data Sets

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.96.3.497 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 96 (3) ◽

pp. 497-503

Author(s):

Kathryn G. Dewey ◽

Janet M. Peerson ◽

Kenneth H. Brown ◽

Nancy F. Krebs ◽

Kim F. Michaelsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Breast Feeding ◽

Total Sample ◽

Continuous Variable ◽

Pooled Analysis ◽

Maternal Weight ◽

Educational Levels ◽

Solid Foods ◽

Feeding Duration ◽

Breast Fed

The sample sizes of infants from the selected studies are shown in Tables 2-4, categorized by duration of breast-feeding, timing of introduction of solid foods, and use of infant formula or other milks. Table 5 shows the cross-tabulation by duration of breast-feeding and age of introduction of supplemental milk or formula. In total, 453 infants were included, of whom 226 were breast-fed for at least 12 months. Of these 226, 141 were not regularly given other milks or formula during the first year of life. Of the total sample, solid foods were introduced at 4 to 5 months to 42% (Table 3), at 6 to 7 months to 38%, at 8 to 9 months at 17%, and after 9 months to 2%. The samples were relatively homogeneous with respect to average maternal weight, height, and age. Mean pregnancy weight gain in the three studies reporting this ranged from 12.7 to 15.0 kg. Maternal educational levels were generally high: in the studies reporting this as a continuous variable, the overall mean was 15.4 ± 2.4 years of education. Mean birth weight ranged from 3414 to 3605 g. Characteristics of infants categorized by breast-feeding duration are shown in Table 6 (the group breast-fed for 4 to 5 month is not shown, because there were only 10 infants in this category). Mothers who breast-fed for 12 or more months were older and had higher parity and educational levels than mothers who breast-fed for less than 12 months, but birth weight did not differ significantly among groups.

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Community-based scheduled screening and treatment of malaria in pregnancy for improved maternal and infant health in The Gambia, Burkina Faso and Benin: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽

10.1186/1745-6215-15-340 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Susana Scott ◽

Petra F Mens ◽

Halidou Tinto ◽

Alain Nahum ◽

Esmée Ruizendaal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Study Protocol ◽

Infant Health ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

The Gambia ◽

Community Based ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Maternal And Infant Health ◽

In Pregnancy

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Goat farmers production objectives and trait preferences in the North West province of South Africa: An approach to identify selection criteria for community-based breeding program

International Journal of Livestock Production ◽

10.5897/ijlp2020.0743 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 64-75

Author(s):

Fortunate Mtshali Thobile ◽

Ntanganedzeni Mapholi Olivia ◽

Tebogo Ncube Keabetswe ◽

Farai Dzomba Edgar ◽

C. Matelele Tlou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Selection Criteria ◽

Breeding Program ◽

Community Based ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

North West Province ◽

Trait Preferences ◽

Production Objectives

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A retrospective study of the health profile of neonates of mothers with anemia in pregnancy and pregnancy induced hypertension in Lagos, Nigeria

Journal of Public Health in Africa ◽

10.4081/jphia.2014.286 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Olusola Funmilayo Sotunde ◽

Silifat Ajoke Sanni ◽

Oluseye Olusegun Onabanjo ◽

Ibiyemi O. Olayiwola ◽

Mure Agbonlahor

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Neonatal Health ◽

Pregnancy Induced Hypertension ◽

Health Profile ◽

Maternal Complications ◽

Induced Hypertension ◽

Anemia In Pregnancy ◽

In Pregnancy

Our study assessed the health profile of neonates in relation to anemia in pregnancy and pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). This was a retrospective study where a systematic random sampling technique was used to select a total of 1046 case records of pregnant women registered for ante-natal care at Lagos Island Maternity Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria, between 2005 and 2009. Socio-demographic characteristics of the mothers, prevalence of anemia and PIH, and neonatal health profile were obtained from the case records and were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson product moment correlation was used to show the relationship (P≤0.05) between maternal complications and neonatal health profile. Majority (68.8%) of the mothers had anemia and 6.7 % had PIH. Majority (97.12%) of the neonates were live births and 2.88% of the neonates were still births, 65.4% of the women with still birth pregnancy outcome had anemia, and 34.6% had PIH. Majority (74%) of the neonates had birth weight within normal range (2.5-4.0 kg) and majority (68%) had normal Apgar score at 5 min of birth (7- 10). A positive correlation existed between the packed cell volume of the mother and the birth weight of the neonates (r=0.740, P≤0.05). A negative correlation existed between the incidence of PIH and the birth weight of the neonates (r=

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Fish Oil Supplementation in Pregnancy Increases Gestational Age, Size for Gestational Age, and Birth Weight in Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/nxy204 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 149 (4) ◽

pp. 628-634 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rebecca Kofod Vinding ◽

Jakob Stokholm ◽

Astrid Sevelsted ◽

Bo L Chawes ◽

Klaus Bønnelykke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Growth Curves ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Double Blind ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Background Randomized trials have reported that supplementation with n–3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) in pregnancy can prolong pregnancy and thereby increase birth weight. Objective We aimed to examine the relations of n–3 LCPUFA supplementation in pregnancy with duration of pregnancy, birth weight, and size for gestational age (GA). Methods This was a double-blind randomized controlled trial conducted in 736 pregnant women and their offspring, from the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood2010cohort. They were recruited between weeks 22 and 26 in pregnancy and randomly assigned to either of 2.4 g n–3 LCPUFA or control (olive oil) daily until 1 wk after birth. Exclusion criteria were endocrine, cardiovascular, or nephrologic disorders and vitamin D supplementation intake >600 IU/d. In this study we analyzed secondary outcomes, and further excluded twin pregnancies and extrauterine death. The primary outcome for the trial was persistent wheeze or asthma. Results The random assignment ran between 2008 and 2010. Six hundred and ninety-nine mother-infant pairs were included in the analysis. n–3 LCPUFA compared with control was associated with a 2-d prolongation of pregnancy [median (IQR): 282 (275–288) d compared with 280 (273–286) d, P = 0.02], a 97-g higher birth weight (mean ± SD: 3601 ± 534 g compared with 3504 ± 528 g, P = 0.02), and an increased size for GA according to the Norwegian population-based growth curves-Skjærven (mean ± SD: 49.9 ± 28.3 percentiles compared with 44.5 ± 27.6 percentiles, P = 0.01). Conclusion Supplementing pregnant women with n–3 LCPUFAs during the third trimester is associated with prolonged gestation and increased size for GA, leading to a higher birth weight in this randomized controlled trial. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00798226.

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