scholarly journals Effects of a Hypersaline Sodium-rich Carbonated Natural Mineral Water on Structure and Expression of VEGF, VEGFR1, VEGFR2, Ang1, Ang2 and Tie2 of Fructose-treated Rat Corpus Cavernosum

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (S5) ◽  
pp. 37-38
Author(s):  
D. Neves ◽  
I. Tomada ◽  
C. Pereira ◽  
R. Monteiro ◽  
M. J. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Membrane Receptors ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Natural Mineral ◽  
Cavernous Tissue

Metabolic Syndrome (MS) definition is based on a cluster of metabolic risk factors that identifies subjects at high risk for forthcoming type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Although the exact aetiology of the MS still remains unclear, it is known to involve complex interactions between genetic, metabolic and environmental factors, with diet and oxidative stress playing important roles. Regular increased fructose consumption has been associated to some metabolic adverse changes observed in the MS and, thus, fructose-fed is considered a suitable animal model of diet-induced MS. On the other hand, calcium, magnesium and potassium, generally deficient in MS-inducing diets, and abundant in natural mineral-rich waters, have been proposed protective against the MS. Although their exact effects are not yet fully clarified, natural mineral-rich waters present some antioxidant properties that exert protection against reactive oxygen species that are chief contributors to the increase of CVD risk, considering their reactivity to nitric oxide (NO). Such waters also improve some MS metabolic risk factors. Degradation of NO seriously compromises the vasodilatation mechanism leading to endothelial dysfunction, which always precedes atherosclerosis — the main contributor to CVD and erectile dysfunction. Penis erection is a vascular process that strongly depends on NO-induced smooth muscle relaxation. Moreover, NO mediates indirectly the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis, which is fundamental to maintain endothelium integrity in the cavernous tissue. VEGF binds specifically to VEGF tyrosine kinase membrane receptors (VEGFR1 and VEGFR2), and crosstalk in vivo with other angiogenic factors such as angiopoietins that compete for binding to the endothelial-specific Tie2 receptor. Previous work from our group demonstrated that long-term consumption of antioxidant-rich beverages modifies the expression of VEGF, Ang1, Ang2 and their receptors VEGFR1, VEGFR2 and Tie2 in the cavernous tissue of the rat, preventing atherosclerosis progression.

scholarly journals A cohurt study on association and inflammatiory markers of cardio metabolic risk factors in pre and post menopausal women

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
D. Jayarajan ◽  
V. Abirami
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

Pre and post menopause were the complications faced by women globally that not only interferes in physical health but also in mental health of a woman. The menopause factors includes many traditional CVD risk factors, including changes in body fat distribution from agynoid to an android pattern, reduced glucose tolerance, abnormal plasma lipids, increased blood pressure, increased sympathetic tone, endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation . Menopause is a risk factor for (CVD) because estrogen withdrawal has a detrimental effect on cardiovascular function and metabolism .The present study aimed for inflammatory markers of cardio metabolic risk factors in post menopausal women and premenopausal women and the results recorded the significant level of elevation in all parameters compared with case and control samples and the significance was given as student’s t test(p<0.001).

scholarly journals Intervention of diabetes mellitus and metabolic risk factors in AMPK-PGC1α-SIRT3 pathway in the human corpus cavernosum

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
Santos A. Pereira ◽  
A. R. Rodrigues ◽  
B. Rocha ◽  
N. Tomada ◽  
A. M. Gouveia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Risk

scholarly journals Adiponectin Is Related to Cardiovascular Risk in Severe Mental Illness Independent of Antipsychotic Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elina J. Reponen ◽  
Martin Tesli ◽  
Ingrid Dieset ◽  
Nils Eiel Steen ◽  
Trude S. J. Vedal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk

Background: Schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are severe mental illnesses (SMI) associated with elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, including obesity. Leptin and adiponectin are secreted by adipose tissue, with pro- and anti-inflammatory properties, respectively. The second generation antipsychotics (AP) olanzapine, clozapine, and quetiapine have been associated with high leptin levels in SMI. However, the link between inflammatory dysregulation of leptin and adiponectin and CVD risk in SMI, and how this risk is influenced by body mass and AP medication, is still not completely understood. We investigated herein if leptin, adiponectin or their ratio (L/A ratio) could predict increased CVD risk in SCZ, BD, and in subgroups according to use of antipsychotic (AP) treatment, independent of other cardio-metabolic risk factors.Methods: We measured fasting plasma levels of leptin and adiponectin, and calculated the L/A ratio in n = 1,092 patients with SCZ and BD, in subgroups according to AP treatment, and in n = 176 healthy controls (HC). Differences in the levels of adipokines and L/A between groups were examined in multivariate analysis of covariance, and the correlations between adipokines and body mass index (BMI) with linear regression. CVD risk was defined by total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (TC/HDL) and triglyceride/HDL (TG/HDL) ratios. The adipokines and L/A ratios ability to discriminate individuals with TG/HDL and TC/HDL ratios above threshold levels was explored by ROC analysis, and we investigated the possible influence of other cardio-metabolic risk factors on the association in logistic regression analyses.Results: We observed higher leptin levels and L/A ratios in SMI compared with HC but found no differences in adiponectin. Both adipokines were highly correlated with BMI. The low adiponectin levels showed a fair discrimination in ROC analysis of individuals with CVD risk, with AUC between 0.7 and 0.8 for both TC/HDL and TG/HDL, in all groups examined regardless of diagnosis or AP treatment. Adiponectin remained significantly associated with an elevated TC/HDL and TG/HDL ratio in SMI, also after further adjustment with other cardio-metabolic risk factors.Conclusions: Adiponectin is not dysregulated in SMI but is associated with CVD risk regardless of AP treatment regime.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 pandemic and temporal change in metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a natural experiment within the HELIUS study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryn Hummel ◽  
Mara Yerkes ◽  
Ralf E Harskamp ◽  
Henrike Galenkamp ◽  
Anton E Kunst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Helius Study

Abstract Objective We studied the association between the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including the restrictive measures, and metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women and men. Next, we analysed whether changes in these metabolic risk factors were mediated by psychological and behavioural mechanisms. Design In this natural experiment, we assessed changes from baseline in metabolic CVD risk factors in the exposed group (whose follow-up measurements were taken during the pandemic), and compared these to the changes in the control group (whose follow-up measurements were taken before the pandemic). Participants This study used data from 6962 participants from six different ethnic groups (Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish and Moroccan) of the HELIUS study, based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. We included women and men without prior CVD, who participated in both the baseline (2011-2015) and follow-up measurements (2019-2021). Outcome measures Changes between baseline and follow-up measurements in six metabolic CVD risk factors were calculated for systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), total cholesterol (TC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results The exposed group experienced somewhat less favourable changes over time in SBP, DBP and FPG (the latter only in women) than the control group, while temporal changes in HbA1c and eGFR were more favourable among the control group. For instance, SBP was 1.119 mmHg [0.046, 2.193] higher in exposed than non-exposed women, and 1.380 [0.288, 2471] in men. Changes in SBP and DBP were partially mediated by changes in behavioural factors, most notably BMI and alcohol consumption. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic, including the restrictive lockdown measures, is associated with a deterioration of several CVD risk factors in women and men. These findings may aid in decision making concerning the management of and the recovery following the pandemic

Correlation of Metabolic Risk Factors with Sessile Serrated Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Melania Macarie ◽  
Simona Bataga ◽  
Simona Mocan ◽  
Monica Pantea ◽  
Razvan Opaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Interval Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Serrated Lesions ◽  
The Right

Background and Aims: The importance of sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma has been recently established. These are supposed to cause the so-called “interval cancer”, having a rapidly progressive growth and being difficult to detect and to obtain an endoscopic complete resection. We aimed to establish the most important metabolic risk factors for sessile serrated lesions. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study, on a series of 2918 consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy in Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Târgu-Mureș, Romania between 1 st of January 2015-31 th of December 2017. In order to evaluate the metabolic risk factors for polyps’ development, enrolled participants were stratified in two groups, a study group, 33 patients with SSLs lesions, and a control group, 138 patients with adenomatous polyps, selected by systematic sampling for age and anatomical site. Independent variables investigated were: gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, nonalcoholic liver disease. Results: For SSLs the most common encountered localization was the right colon in 30.55% of cases. By comparative bivariate analysis between SSLs group and control group, it was observed that hypertension (p=0.03, OR 2.33, 95 %CI 1.03-5.24), obesity (p=0.03, OR 2.61, 95 %CI 1.08-6.30), hyperuricemia (p=0.04, OR 2.72, 95 %CI 1.28-7.55), high cholesterol (p=0.002, OR 3.42; 95 %CI 1.48-7.87), and high triglycerides level (p=0.0006, OR 5.75; 95 %CI 1.92-17.2) were statistically associated with SSLs development. By multivariate analysis hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia retained statistical significance. Conclusions: Our study showed that the highest prevalence of SSLs was in the right colon and hypertension and increased triglycerides levels were associated with the risk of SSLs development. These risk factors are easy to detect in clinical practice and may help identifying groups with high risk for colorectal cancer, where screening is recommended.

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