The relationship between national plant genetic resources programmes and practitioners promoting on-farm management: results from a global survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linn Borgen Nilsen ◽  
Abishkar Subedi ◽  
Mohammad Ehsan Dulloo ◽  
Kakoli Ghosh ◽  
Jorge Chavez-Tafur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Survey ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
National Programmes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
On Farm

A global survey was conducted among a wide range of stakeholders to gain insight into the state of on-farm management (OFM) as a strategy for enhancing the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA). The results show that OFM is not considered a priority in national PGRFA programmes (NPGRPs), and that OFM practitioners and their organizations are not always aware of, or involved in, NPGRPs. The survey also highlighted the lack of awareness, understanding and collaboration between OFM practitioners and the managers and policy-makers associated with NPGRPs. The outcome of the analysis supports a hypothesis that OFM is, to a large extent, supported by stakeholders who are not directly engaged in the conservation and use of PGRFA, and therefore not associated with NPGRPs. This should be taken into consideration when seeking to improve the performance and impact of national programmes, and their commitment to safeguard PGRFA and contribute to food security, poverty alleviation and sustainable agriculture.

Practices and networks supporting the on-farm management of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Linn Borgen Nilsen ◽  
Abishkar Subedi ◽  
Mohammad Ehsan Dulloo ◽  
Kakoli Ghosh ◽  
Jorge Chavez-Tafur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Farming Communities ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
On Farm

Millions of farmers depend on the use of local crops and varieties for their food and livelihood. These resources constitute a reservoir of alternative traits and characteristics, which allow us to diversify crops, foods and farming methods and provide material for targeted plant breeding. Still, many countries lag behind in providing support to farming communities for the maintenance and use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA). A global survey was conducted among a wide range of stakeholders to gain insights into the state of on-farm management (OFM) as a strategy for enhancing the maintenance and sustainable use of PGRFA. The survey showed that a wide range of stakeholders provide de facto support to OFM and that the practices they consider critical are focused on building capabilities in local communities. This supports the fact that the management of crop diversity on farm can be promoted in a variety of ways, depending on the specific context, and that local solutions are needed to successfully support OFM. Partnerships and networks should be considered as one of the critical means to promote OFM, as they involve a diversity of stakeholders working towards common goals. The survey further showed that many respondents currently contribute to existing networks relevant to OFM, but that these networks are mainly nationally or internationally oriented and might therefore exclude crucial local stakeholders, such as community-based organizations. Therefore, mechanisms should be put in place to strengthen the collaboration between stakeholders and networks, especially at the local level.

In situ and on-farm management of plant genetic resources

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hammer ◽  
Th. Gladis ◽  
A. Diederichsen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
On Farm

scholarly journals Conservation and Sustainable Use of PGRFA in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Muhamad Sabran ◽  
Puji Lestari ◽  
Mastur Mastur
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Agriculture Development

<p>The high diverse of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) in Indonesia needs to be conserved for sustainable use to achieve food security despite a still growing population. Therefore, database and information system which could add value to the PGRFA have been developed by many international initiatives and conventions which impact to national level. Two international agreements that Indonesia intensively involved to govern access and share the benefit arising from the use of the valuable PGRFA are the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) and the Nagoya Protocol of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity. Agriculture development in Indonesia, however, is still faced many challenges. This review described and discussed the high biodiversity in Indonesia, utilization and conservation of PGRFA, supporting regulation and policy on PGRFA along with the progress of database and information system. Overall, promoting conservation and the sustainable use of PGRFA is a key goal of various national, regional, and global efforts, initiatives, and agreements governing them for human well-being.</p>

Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture for sustainable development

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-34
Author(s):  
Chikelu Mba ◽  
◽  
M. Ehsan Dulloo ◽  
Kent Nnadozie ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Access And Benefit Sharing ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
The Face ◽  
Global Coordination ◽  
Food Security And Nutrition ◽  
Technological Methods

Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, a common concern of all countries, are critically important for the sustainable production of the significantly more nutritious food needed to feed an ever-growing population in the face of climate change and other drivers. This entails the translation of the potentials encoded into their genetic blueprints into improved productivities. The relevant international agreements, instruments and mechanisms, which address the conservation, sustainable use and access and benefit-sharing for these resources, are reviewed along with their remarkable contributions to food security and nutrition. The chapter also highlights the state-of-the-art for the scientific and technological methods used to conserve and add value through genetic gains to these resources. Underscoring the importance of collaborations at various scales, we call for continued global coordination and partnerships on the internationally agreed activities for conserving effectively and deriving the most benefits sustainably from these irreplaceable resources.

Monitoring plant genetic resources for food and agriculture

2021 ◽  
pp. 55-80
Author(s):  
M. Ehsan Dulloo ◽  
◽  
Prishnee Bissessur ◽  
Jai Rana ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Global Level ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Monitoring Strategies ◽  
Genetic Level ◽  
Development Goals

This chapter reviews the methodologies developed to assess the extent of diversity of PGRFA at species, variety, and genetic level and examines the efforts made at global level in monitoring them at different scales. Efforts have been made to halt the loss of biodiversity (including genetic diversity) by United Nations Organizations (FAO, UNEP, UN) at setting of global targets (second Global Plan of Action on conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, Aichi Targets and Sustainable Development Goals) and indicators have been established to monitor progress towards them. Yet none of the targets on genetic diversity have been achieved, due to a lack of implementable monitoring system that would allow progress to be accurately monitored. Further research is needed to improve the methodologies for monitoring plant genetic resources, particularly at the varietal and genetic level. The chapter discusses the opportunities and challenges as well as provides recommendations for future conservation and monitoring strategies that may safeguard PGRFA for posterity.

scholarly journals Effective Coordination and Governance of PGRFA Conservation and Use at the National Level—The Example of Germany

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1869
Author(s):  
Frank Begemann ◽  
Imke Thormann ◽  
Sarah Sensen ◽  
Karina Klein
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Food And Agriculture

Recognition of the importance of plant genetic resources started in Germany at the end of the 19th century. Plant research and breeding began to develop in the 1920s. Formal structures of public institutions were founded, long-term conservation facilities were established, private breeding initiatives developed. In 1990, the German reunification required an assessment of the existing research and breeding landscape. This milestone allowed a comprehensive overview of the great number of stakeholders, active in the entire range of tasks related to plant genetic resources. The Federal Ministry of Agriculture then developed a conceptual approach for an efficient governance structure and published its concept of a national programme for the conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources for food and agriculture in 2000. It recognized the sharing of decentral responsibilities among the respective public and private actors and governmental levels with dis-tributed mandates and funding. It also led to the establishment of a central information and coordination center for genetic resources, which facilitates the data sharing, communication, and co-operation among stakeholders, supports public awareness and advises the Federal Ministry on national policies and efficient European and global cooperation. It also supports efficient contributions of German stakeholders into European structures and international bodies. An equivalent conceptual approach and governance structure is recommended to be established at European level.

scholarly journals On-Farm Crop Diversity for Advancing Food Security and Nutrition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie Furman ◽  
Arshiya Noorani ◽  
Chikelu Mba
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Crop Diversity ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food Security And Nutrition ◽  
Zero Hunger ◽  
Farm Crop ◽  
On Farm

In 2019, nearly 690 million people were hungry, indicating that the achievement of Zero Hunger by 2030 is not on-track. The enhanced conservation and use of crop diversity, which demonstrably improves farm productivity and hence food security and nutrition, could be one of the solutions to this problem. The broadening of the inter- and intra-specific diversity of crops contributes to dietary diversification and nutrition and improves the resilience of production systems to shocks, especially the biotic and abiotic stresses attributed to climate change. Examples of successful interventions that resulted in enhanced on-farm crop diversity are provided. Relevant tools and guidelines to strengthen national capacities for the enhanced on-farm management of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture are also highlighted. Guidance, based primarily on the Second Global Plan of Action for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, is presented to enable the conservation of farmers’ varieties/landraces, their genetic improvement and seed delivery systems; promote their cultivation, consumption and marketing; develop and implement policies; foster partnerships and strengthen requisite institutional and human capacities. Finally, the case is made for research and development, including using modern techniques, to achieve these aims.

Network analysis of barley seed flows in Tigray, Ethiopia: supporting the design of strategies that contribute to on-farm management of plant genetic resources

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fetien Abay ◽  
Walter de Boef ◽  
Åsmund Bjørnstad
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Barley Seed ◽  
Participatory Varietal Selection ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Production Environments ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Seed Network

For maintaining food security and livelihood, farmers in marginal areas of production environments make use of high levels of crop genetic diversity. The exchange of seed and varieties among villagers, and also the relative isolation of local varieties in their production environments, contributes to the continued existence of locally adapted genotypes. In Tigray, one of the major barley-growing regions of Ethiopia, local varieties and local seed systems are dominant. The annual barley seed requirement is met with seed produced, saved and exchanged by farmers. In order to understand the flows of seed and varieties within and between villages, a study was conducted using a survey to gather information from 130 respondents in seven villages. Seed network analysis was used as an analytical tool to assess flows of seed and varieties and to identify farmers who play different roles in the seed system. Within the major seed exchange network, nodal or connector farmers linked seed subnetworks. The flow within villages was much more dominant than beyond. Rare varieties appeared to be sourced from farms that maintain a broad variety portfolio. Varieties seemed to disseminate informally across farms, in their target environments, following participatory varietal selection. The methodology of social seed network analysis proved to be a powerful tool for monitoring seed and variety flows. Furthermore, it identified farmers as critical partners in the conservation and on-farm management of plant genetic resources, recognized the role of plant breeders in participatory varietal selection and that of seed experts, engaged in strengthening local seed supply and in disseminating quality seed of superior varieties.

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