Preliminary results of effect of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) extract on liver, pancreas, kidneys and cardiac tissues in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications impose a significant burden on patients and the health care system. In the Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM), barley is recommended for treatment of DM. This study sought to assess the effect of barley seed aqueous extract on hepatic, pancreatic, renal and cardiac tissues in normal (non-diabetic) and Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Twenty-one male Wistar rats were randomly divided into diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin. After one week, the diabetic and non-diabetic groups were randomly divided into control and barley seed extract subgroups namely N group (non-diabetic control rats), S group (seed extract treated non-diabetic rats), D group (diabetic control rats) and DS group (seed extract treated diabetic rats). After 6 weeks, all rats were sacrificed for histopathological analysis and specimens were stained routinely for histological studies. The abnormal histological signs significantly decreased in the DS group compared to D group. Also, protective effects of barley seed extract against histopathological changes were seen in S group compared to N group.These findings suggest that barley seed extract exerts a protective effect on different tissues in diabetes.

Evaluation of the effect of pre-sowing seed treatment with microfertilizer solutions on the sowing qualities of seeds and morphophysiological parameters of seedlings of spring barley varieties

The object of research is spring barley of brewing purpose of Vladimir, Laurika and Kalkul varieties. The purpose of the study: to assess the effect of microfertilizers on the sowing qualities of seeds and morphophysiological parameters of spring barley seedlings of various varieties, to justify the feasibility of pre-sowing spraying with microfertilizer solutions. The research was conducted in 2021 in the laboratory of the Kostroma State Agricultural Academy of the Kostroma region of the Kostroma region. As a result, it was found that the use of Agromix increases the germination energy and contributes to a significant increase in the laboratory germination of barley seeds for all varieties, increases the growth and development of barley seedlings. Keywords: SPRING BARLEY, SEED TREATMENT, SEED SOWING QUALITIES

Pre-harvest glyphosate desiccation on barley seed quality

The experiment was conducted into two stages, the first being the barley seed production and application of glyphosate and the second the vigour tests in the laboratory. Both stages were performed at the Experimental Farm of Agrarian Sciences at Grand Dourados Federal University (UFGD). In field, four cultivars of barley was sowing being: BRS Cryst, BRS Kallibre, BRS Demeter, BRS Sampa. For desiccation, the glyphosate herbicide (480 g L-1 of active ingredient) was used, applied using a backpack sprayer at dose of 5 L ha-1. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, and each cultivar was divided into five replications, applying the herbicide in four of them leaving one without application for control. The application was made when seeds presented water content close to 50%. At second stage, eight evaluation were made being one at the day of glyphosate application, one, two, three, eight, ten and fourteen days after application and without application in natural physiological maturity. In each evaluation, sowing was performed according to Rules to Seed Analysis. The analyses were: First count, percentage of germination, germination speed index, mean germination time, mean germination speed, accelerated aging and synchronization index. Glyphosate has interfered negatively in the physiological maturation of barley seeds when the herbicide was applied in pre-harvest. The results obtained showed that there was an increase in seeds germination after 14 days of application, however, the means were significantly smaller in relation to seeds harvested at the point of physiological maturation without glyphosate application.

Non-thermal argon plasma biocidal effect on the barley seed microbiota

The non - thermal argon plasma biocidal effect to be determined by the decrease in the total microbial count (36.7% reduction when barley seeds are treated for 5 minutes) of the surface microbiota has been shown. Microorganisms of the surface microbiota of the studied seeds have been isolated and identified. Plasma treatment is recommended to reduce microbiological contamination of agricultural plant seeds.

Effect of barley grain on memory and brain’s oxidative stress factors in male rats

Background & Objective: Barley is widely used as a major staple of human food and animal feed. Several antioxidant phenols are found in barely, which have scavenging properties. The present study aimed to assess the protective effects of barley seed against the oxidative damage of brain tissues in a scopolamine-induced memory impairment model. Materials and Methods: In total, 32 male albino rats (mean weight: 250±10 g) were divided into four groups of saline (control), scopolamine, barley seed (100 mg/kg) with scopolamine, and barley seed alone. The spatial memory function was assessed using the Morris water maze. Results: Compared to the scopolamine group, barley seed could decrease the escape latency time in the treated rats, while the time spent and distance traveled in the target quadrant on the probe trial increased. Moreover, barley seed could increase the malondialdehyde concentration in the hippocampus and cortical tissues, while the thiol content was observed to decrease. Conclusion: According to the results, the use of dietary barley seed could improve the memory function in dementia associated with increased oxidative stress.

Effect of Microwave and UV-C Radiation on Some Germination Parameters of Barley Seed Using Mathematical Models of Gompertz and Logistic

Two separated sets of laboratory experiments were studied for barley seeds treating using a microwave and ultraviolet irradiation. In the microwave set, seeds have been exposed to the microwave radiations (2450 MHz) for 0 sec (control, MW0), 5 sec (MW1), 10 sec (MW2), and 20 sec (MW3), while in the ultraviolet set, seeds have exposed to UV-C radiation (254 nm) for 0 min (control, UV0), 30 min (UV1), 60 min (UV2), and 120 min (UV3). The aim is to study the influences of different exposure time from MW and UV-C radiation on some barley seed germination parameters and to choose the fitting model Logistic (Log) or Gompertz (Gom) suited to cumulative germination curves under the influence of these factors. The results of this study showed higher seed germination percentage (93.33%) at the exposure time MW2 and UV3 (88.33%), whereas the lowest value (66.67%) recorded in MW3 treatment. The results also appeared the best values at MW2 in SG, 6.24 seed day-1; in GRI, 31.19% day-1, and in GI, 87.67, as well as at UV2 in MGT, 3.32 day. The higher value of asymptotic germination barley seeds was found with Gom function (97.24%, and 88.71%) at MW2 and UV3, respectively. Besides, Gom functions at MW1 and UV2 give the highest maximum germination rates at 2,08 and 2.51% h-1, respectively. The results of the Log equation illustrated the highest value of germination percentage of the inflection point has recorded in 43.85 and 47.37 % on UV3 and MW2 treatments, respectively. For the fitting growth curve, the results have proven that the Gom function was shown the lowest values in MSE in all MW and UV exposure times, as compared with the Log function. So, the results of the Gom function were more fit for the growth curve for MW and UV treatments, as compared with the Log function.