scholarly journals Effective Coordination and Governance of PGRFA Conservation and Use at the National Level—The Example of Germany

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1869
Author(s):  
Frank Begemann ◽  
Imke Thormann ◽  
Sarah Sensen ◽  
Karina Klein

Recognition of the importance of plant genetic resources started in Germany at the end of the 19th century. Plant research and breeding began to develop in the 1920s. Formal structures of public institutions were founded, long-term conservation facilities were established, private breeding initiatives developed. In 1990, the German reunification required an assessment of the existing research and breeding landscape. This milestone allowed a comprehensive overview of the great number of stakeholders, active in the entire range of tasks related to plant genetic resources. The Federal Ministry of Agriculture then developed a conceptual approach for an efficient governance structure and published its concept of a national programme for the conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources for food and agriculture in 2000. It recognized the sharing of decentral responsibilities among the respective public and private actors and governmental levels with dis-tributed mandates and funding. It also led to the establishment of a central information and coordination center for genetic resources, which facilitates the data sharing, communication, and co-operation among stakeholders, supports public awareness and advises the Federal Ministry on national policies and efficient European and global cooperation. It also supports efficient contributions of German stakeholders into European structures and international bodies. An equivalent conceptual approach and governance structure is recommended to be established at European level.

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Muhamad Sabran ◽  
Puji Lestari ◽  
Mastur Mastur

<p>The high diverse of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) in Indonesia needs to be conserved for sustainable use to achieve food security despite a still growing population. Therefore, database and information system which could add value to the PGRFA have been developed by many international initiatives and conventions which impact to national level. Two international agreements that Indonesia intensively involved to govern access and share the benefit arising from the use of the valuable PGRFA are the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) and the Nagoya Protocol of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity. Agriculture development in Indonesia, however, is still faced many challenges. This review described and discussed the high biodiversity in Indonesia, utilization and conservation of PGRFA, supporting regulation and policy on PGRFA along with the progress of database and information system. Overall, promoting conservation and the sustainable use of PGRFA is a key goal of various national, regional, and global efforts, initiatives, and agreements governing them for human well-being.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Romanciuc ◽  

The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources (ITPGRFA) was adopted in 2001 during the Thirty-first Session of the Conference of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. It aims to achieve the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits derived from their use to achieve sustainable agriculture. The treaty has implemented a Multilateral System (MLS) of access and benefit sharing, for a list of 64 of some of the most important food and forage crops essential for food security. Republic of Moldova has ratified the ITPGRFA in 2001, based on Law nr. 94 of 14-05-2015 on the accession of the Republic of Moldova to the ITPGRFA. In order to put in evidence the weaknesses and strengths of ITPGRFA imple-mentation at national level, the country report on compliance – ITPGRFA was developed.


2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linn Borgen Nilsen ◽  
Abishkar Subedi ◽  
Mohammad Ehsan Dulloo ◽  
Kakoli Ghosh ◽  
Jorge Chavez-Tafur ◽  
...  

A global survey was conducted among a wide range of stakeholders to gain insight into the state of on-farm management (OFM) as a strategy for enhancing the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA). The results show that OFM is not considered a priority in national PGRFA programmes (NPGRPs), and that OFM practitioners and their organizations are not always aware of, or involved in, NPGRPs. The survey also highlighted the lack of awareness, understanding and collaboration between OFM practitioners and the managers and policy-makers associated with NPGRPs. The outcome of the analysis supports a hypothesis that OFM is, to a large extent, supported by stakeholders who are not directly engaged in the conservation and use of PGRFA, and therefore not associated with NPGRPs. This should be taken into consideration when seeking to improve the performance and impact of national programmes, and their commitment to safeguard PGRFA and contribute to food security, poverty alleviation and sustainable agriculture.


Author(s):  
Chikelu Mba ◽  
◽  
M. Ehsan Dulloo ◽  
Kent Nnadozie ◽  
◽  
...  

Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, a common concern of all countries, are critically important for the sustainable production of the significantly more nutritious food needed to feed an ever-growing population in the face of climate change and other drivers. This entails the translation of the potentials encoded into their genetic blueprints into improved productivities. The relevant international agreements, instruments and mechanisms, which address the conservation, sustainable use and access and benefit-sharing for these resources, are reviewed along with their remarkable contributions to food security and nutrition. The chapter also highlights the state-of-the-art for the scientific and technological methods used to conserve and add value through genetic gains to these resources. Underscoring the importance of collaborations at various scales, we call for continued global coordination and partnerships on the internationally agreed activities for conserving effectively and deriving the most benefits sustainably from these irreplaceable resources.


Author(s):  
M. Ehsan Dulloo ◽  
◽  
Prishnee Bissessur ◽  
Jai Rana ◽  
◽  
...  

This chapter reviews the methodologies developed to assess the extent of diversity of PGRFA at species, variety, and genetic level and examines the efforts made at global level in monitoring them at different scales. Efforts have been made to halt the loss of biodiversity (including genetic diversity) by United Nations Organizations (FAO, UNEP, UN) at setting of global targets (second Global Plan of Action on conservation and sustainable use of PGRFA, Aichi Targets and Sustainable Development Goals) and indicators have been established to monitor progress towards them. Yet none of the targets on genetic diversity have been achieved, due to a lack of implementable monitoring system that would allow progress to be accurately monitored. Further research is needed to improve the methodologies for monitoring plant genetic resources, particularly at the varietal and genetic level. The chapter discusses the opportunities and challenges as well as provides recommendations for future conservation and monitoring strategies that may safeguard PGRFA for posterity.


2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Linn Borgen Nilsen ◽  
Abishkar Subedi ◽  
Mohammad Ehsan Dulloo ◽  
Kakoli Ghosh ◽  
Jorge Chavez-Tafur ◽  
...  

Millions of farmers depend on the use of local crops and varieties for their food and livelihood. These resources constitute a reservoir of alternative traits and characteristics, which allow us to diversify crops, foods and farming methods and provide material for targeted plant breeding. Still, many countries lag behind in providing support to farming communities for the maintenance and use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA). A global survey was conducted among a wide range of stakeholders to gain insights into the state of on-farm management (OFM) as a strategy for enhancing the maintenance and sustainable use of PGRFA. The survey showed that a wide range of stakeholders provide de facto support to OFM and that the practices they consider critical are focused on building capabilities in local communities. This supports the fact that the management of crop diversity on farm can be promoted in a variety of ways, depending on the specific context, and that local solutions are needed to successfully support OFM. Partnerships and networks should be considered as one of the critical means to promote OFM, as they involve a diversity of stakeholders working towards common goals. The survey further showed that many respondents currently contribute to existing networks relevant to OFM, but that these networks are mainly nationally or internationally oriented and might therefore exclude crucial local stakeholders, such as community-based organizations. Therefore, mechanisms should be put in place to strengthen the collaboration between stakeholders and networks, especially at the local level.


2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 01022
Author(s):  
A.R. Caputo ◽  
V. Alba ◽  
C. Bergamini ◽  
M. Gasparro ◽  
G. Masi ◽  
...  

The drastic reduction of agrobiodiversity has induced all countries in the world to implement numerous initiatives to safeguard genetic resources. The biodiversity issue is also one of the priority objectives of the global action plan for the conservation and sustainable use of FAO's cytogenetic resources and of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. In Italy, the primary competence on genetic resources of agricultural interest is entrusted to the Ministry of Agricultural. In 2004, the Ministry entrusted the coordination of the RGV/FAO Project to CREA. The main objectives of the project, in addition to the inventory of accessions present in the collections of the structures involved, are their morphological, agronomic and molecular characterization and the productive enhancement with particular reference to the autochthonous varieties at risk of extinction. The project in question includes the activities of recovery and characterization of the viticultural germplasm illustrated in the present work. The 12 vines described here, like others yet to be rediscovered, are strongly linked to small winegrowers and indissolubly characterial of a territory in Campania Region that from the socio-cultural (rather fragmented agricultural system) and environmental orography point of view, like the national one, is very diversified.


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