Thomas W. Walker, and Ariel C. Armony, eds. Repression, Resistance, and Democratic Transition in Central America. Wilmington: Scholarly Resources, 2000. Figures, tables, notes, bibliography, 301 pages; hardcover $60, paper $22.95. - Elisabeth Jean Wood. Forging Democracy from Below: Insurgent Transitions in South Africa and El Salvador. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Figures, notes, bibliography, index, 247 pages; cloth $64.95, paper $22.95.

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
William Barnes
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
Democratic Transition ◽  
Cambridge University

Democratic Transitions and Political Opportunities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Inclán
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Democratic Transition ◽  
Democratic Transitions ◽  
Political Opportunities

This chapter presents the theoretical arguments of the book, which come from the literatures on political opportunities and democratic transitions, in particular protracted transitions and transitions from below. The chapter first compares Mexico’s democratic transition to other democratization processes in which insurgent social movements play a crucial role, such as the cases of El Salvador and South Africa. Then it provides an analysis of the opportunities that democratic transitions may open for the mobilization, success, and survival of an insurgent social movement. Third, hypotheses contextualized to the Mexican case illustrate how these expectations may influence the development of a specific movement’s cycle of protests, negotiating success, and chances of survival within a protracted democratic transition.

Archeology and Volcanism in Central America: The Zapotitan Valley of El Salvador.

Man ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
John E. Clark ◽  
Payson D. Sheets
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America

The United States and the Rise of General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez

1971 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Grieb
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Central America ◽  
American Politics ◽  
State Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Central American ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
The Military

The militarycoup d'étatwhich installed General Maximiliano Hernández Martínez as President of El Salvador during December 1931 created a crisis involving the 1923 Washington Treaties. By the terms of these accords, the Central American nadons had pledged to withhold recognition from governments seizing power through force in any of the isthmian republics. Although not a signatory of the treaty, the United States based its recognition policy on this principle. Through this means the State Department had attempted to impose some stability in Central America, by discouraging revolts. With the co-operation of the isthmian governments, United States diplomats endeavored to bring pressure to bear on the leaders of any uprising, to deny them the fruits of their victory, and thus reduce the constant series ofcoupsandcounter-coupsthat normally characterized Central American politics.

Oligonychus coffeae. [Distribution map].

1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Central America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oligonychus Coffeae ◽  
Belgian Congo ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Oligonychus coffeae (Nietn.) (Acarina, Tetranychidae) (Tea Red Spider). Hosts: Tea, coffee; wide range of trees and shrubs. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA (excl. USSR), Burma, Ceylon, Formosa, India, Indo-China, Indonesia, Pakistan, USSR, AFRICA, Belgian Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mauritius, Nyasaland, Republic of South Africa, Tanganyika, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, NORTH AMERICA, U.S.A., CENTRAL AMERICA and WEST INDIES, Costa Rica, SOUTH AMERICA, Colombia, Ecuador.

Peronospora farinosa. [Distribution map].

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Peronospora farinosa Kiessl. Hosts: Beet (Beta vulgaris) and other B. spp., Spinach (Spinacia oleracea), Chenopodium spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AFRICA, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, Morocco, South Africa, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, ASIA, Afghanistan, Burma, China, Hong Kong, India (Northern States) (Uttar Pradesh) (Madhya Pradesh), Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Korea, Lebanon, Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, Taiwan, Thailand, Turkey, USSR, AUSTRALASIA & OCEANIA, Australia, New Zealand, EUROPE, Austria, Belgium, Britain, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irish Republic, Italy (Sardina), Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, USSR, Yugoslavia, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Mexico, USA, CENTRAL AMERICA & WEST INDIES, Guatemala, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Sao Paulo), Chile, Ecuador, Peru, Uruguay.

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