The effects of liquid feed on the small intestine mucosa and performance of piglets at 28 days postweaning

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 162-162
Author(s):  
D. Hurst ◽  
I. J. Lean ◽  
A. D. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Liquid Diet ◽  
Adaptive Changes ◽  
Liquid Feeding ◽  
Liquid Feed ◽  
Intestine Mucosa ◽  
Crypt Hyperplasia ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
And Performance

It is well established that villus atrophy and crypt hyperplasia occur at weaning reducing the digestive and absorptive capacity of the small intestine in piglets. Liquid feeding appears to improve intake and growth in piglets but little is known about the effects of liquid feed on the small intestine mucosa. Deprez et al (1987) reported higher villi 11 days after weaning in piglets fed a liquid diet but there is little evidence that these changes persist in older pigs or are specifically due to diet form. This study is part of a series evaluating the effect of liquid feed on pig performance and adaptive changes in the absorptive mucosa of pigs from weaning to slaughter.

The effects of liquid feed on the small intestine mucosa and performance of finishing pigs at different water to feed ratios

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 161-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hurst ◽  
I.J. Lean ◽  
A.D. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Liquid Feeding ◽  
Intestine Mucosa ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Dry Diet

Liquid feeding of growing pigs is believed to increase feed intake and growth performance compared to a dry diet. There is little information on the comparative feed conversion efficiency of pigs on the two forms of diet or the underlying physiological basis for the differences and how liquid diets affect the absorptive mucosa of the small intestine. This study was designed to investigate differences in feed utilisation and mucosal structure in modern genotype pigs offered equal amounts of feed in dry and liquid form. Additionally, the effect of reducing the pH of the liquid diet was considered.

The effects of particle size and liquid feeding on the performance of young pigs offered mash and steam pelleted diets

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 9-9
Author(s):  
K. A. Chesworth ◽  
M. Choct ◽  
P. H. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Enzyme Activation ◽  
Liquid Feeding ◽  
Liquid Feed ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Feed Form ◽  
Established Relationship ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Pig Performance

There is a well-established relationship between particle size of processed grains in diets and pig performance. It has been reported that as the particle size of feed is reduced there is an increase in the performance of pigs (Wondra et al., 1995). Increasing the surface area of feed ingredients by reducing particle size facilitates greater enzyme activity. Liquid feed provides an excellent medium for endogenous enzyme activation and the opportunity to improve the availability of nutrients (Brooks et al., 1996). The current study investigated the effect of particle size, processing and feed form on pig performance.

Effect of liquid to feed ratio, steeping time, and enzyme supplementation on the performance of weaner pigs

2004 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Choct ◽  
E. A. D. Selby ◽  
D. J. Cadogan ◽  
R. G. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Liquid Feeding ◽  
Liquid Feed ◽  
Enzyme Supplementation ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
Subsequent Activation ◽  
Weaner Pigs

Two experiments were conducted to examine the effect of liquid to feed ratio, steeping time, and enzyme supplementation on performance of weaner pigs. In Expt 1, 40 male weaner pigs (weaned at 27 days of age) were randomly allocated to 4 treatments, including a dry control and 3 liquid diets of differing liquid: feed ratios (2 : 1, 3 : 1, and 4 : 1). Pigs were fed individually. Bodyweight was measured weekly and feed intake measured daily. The results confirmed the advantage of liquid feeding but indicated that liquid: feed ratio had very little effect on performance of weaner pigs. Whereas the digestible energy (DE) content of the 2 : 1 and 3 : 1 diets was similar to the control diet, the DE content of the 4 : 1 diet was significantly lower, possibly due to the removal of the insoluble marker (long chain hydrocarbon) by the amount of water in the diet.In Expt 2, the effect of a xylanase and steeping time on pig performance was assessed in a 2 × 2 factorial design (2 steeping times, 1 h v. 15 h; enzyme addition, + v. –). Sixty male weaner pigs (weaned at 27 days of age) were randomly allocated to 4 treatments and fed individually for 3 weeks. Bodyweight was measured weekly and feed intake measured daily. The experiment revealed that both steeping and enzyme addition increased feed intake (P�<�0.01) and growth rate (P < 0.05), suggesting that both techniques influence the non-starch polysaccharide composition of the wheat-based diet. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) tended to be improved more by steeping than by enzyme addition (P = 0.06). The results would suggest that steeping improves FCR by allowing increased hydration of feed and subsequent activation of the endogenous enzymes present naturally in grains.The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the water: solid feed ratio would affect nutrient availability to weaner pigs fed liquid diets.

INNOVATION CAPABILITY, ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY AND SMES PERFORMANCE IN PAKISTAN: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF BUSINESS STRATEGY

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (Number 2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zulqarnain Arshad ◽  
Darwina Arshad
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Conceptual Paper ◽  
And Performance ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Crucial Part

The small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a crucial part in county’s economic growth and a key contributor in country’s GDP. In Pakistan SMEs hold about 90 percent of the total businesses. The performance of SMEs depends upon many factors. The main aim for the research is to examine the relationship between Innovation Capability, Absorptive Capacity and Performance of SMEs in Pakistan. This conceptual paper also extends to the vague revelation on Business Strategy in which act as a moderator between Innovation Capability, Absorptive Capacity and SMEs Performance. Conclusively, this study proposes a new research directions and hypotheses development to examine the relationship among the variables in Pakistan’s SMEs context.

Carbohydrase activity in the pancreatic tissue and small intestine mucosa of sheep fed dried-grass or ground maize-based diets

1985 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Janes ◽  
T. E. C. Weekes ◽  
D. G. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Intestine Mucosa ◽  
Ruminant Animals ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Small Intestinal

SummaryTwo groups of six sheep were fed either dried-grass or ground maize-based diets for at least 4 weeks before slaughter. Samples of the small intestinal mucosa and spancreatic tissue were assayed for a-amylase, glucoamylase, maltase and oligo-l,6-glucosidase.The pancreatic tissue contained high activities of α-amylase and much lower activities of glucoamylase, maltase and oligo-1,6-glucosidase. There was no effect of diet on the specific activities of any of these enzymes in the pancreatic tissue.The activity of α-amylase adsorbed on to the mucosa of the small intestine was greatest in the proximal region of the small intestine, the activity generally declining with increasing distance away from the pylorus. There was no diet effect on the absorbed α-amylase activity.Similar patterns of distribution along the small intestine were observed for maltase, glucoamylase and oligo-1,6-glucosidase with the highest activities in t he jejunum. There was no overall effect of diet on glucoamylase or maltase specific activities and glucoamylase total activity, although the total activities of maltase and oligo-1,6-glucosidase were significantly greater for the sheep fed the ground maize-based diet (P < 0·05).It is suggested that ruminant animals may be capable of digesting large amounts of starch in the small intestine through an adaptation in the activity of the host carbohydrases.

Evolutionary Design of Intestinal Nutrient Absorption: Enough but Not Too Much

Physiology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jared Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Nutrient Absorption ◽  
Evolutionary Design ◽  
Widespread Belief ◽  
Physiological Systems

Contrary to previous widespread belief, the small intestine possesses only a modest excess of nutrient absorptive capacity over nutrient intake. This problem exemplifies a field that is now emerging at the infrace between physiology and evolutionary biology and that is concerned with the relation between evolved capacities and natural loads of physiological systems.

The Influence of Pregnancy and Lactation on the Morphology and Absorptive Capacity of the Rat Small Intestine

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L. Craft
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
In Pregnancy

1. A study of the length, total weight and weight per cm of the small intestine of virgin, pregnant and lactating rats has provided evidence for an increase in intestinal surface area in pregnancy and lactation. 2. Because of such alterations in morphology of the gut the absorption,in vivo, of the substrates studied, glucose and glycine, has been expressed in terms of amount transferred per loop and also per g dry weight of intestine. 3. Using these parameters the results show that pregnancy does not alter the ability of the upper jejunum to absorb glucose and glycine. In lactation there is a significant decrease in the transfer of these substances when expressed per g dry weight of intestine, but not in absolute terms.

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