Impact of in vitro embryo culture and transfer on blood pressure regulation in the adolescent lamb

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Monalisa Padhee ◽  
I. Caroline McMillen ◽  
Song Zhang ◽  
Severence M. MacLaughlin ◽  
James A. Armitage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Basal Blood Pressure ◽  
Periconceptional Period ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Nutrition during the periconceptional period influences postnatal cardiovascular health. We determined whether in vitro embryo culture and transfer, which are manipulations of the nutritional environment during the periconceptional period, dysregulate postnatal blood pressure and blood pressure regulatory mechanisms. Embryos were either transferred to an intermediate recipient ewe (ET) or cultured in vitro in the absence (IVC) or presence of human serum (IVCHS) and a methyl donor (IVCHS+M) for 6 days. Basal blood pressure was recorded at 19–20 weeks after birth. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were measured before and after varying doses of phenylephrine (PE). mRNA expression of signaling molecules involved in blood pressure regulation was measured in the renal artery. Basal MAP did not differ between groups. Baroreflex sensitivity, set point, and upper plateau were also maintained in all groups after PE stimulation. Adrenergic receptors alpha-1A (αAR1A), alpha-1B (αAR1B), and angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) mRNA expression were not different from controls in the renal artery. These results suggest there is no programmed effect of ET or IVC on basal blood pressure or the baroreflex control mechanisms in adolescence, but future studies are required to determine the impact of ET and IVC on these mechanisms later in the life course when developmental programming effects may be unmasked by age.

Abstract 13798: Ablation of the Hypertension Candidate Gene ATP2B1 Results in Increased Blood Pressure and Cardiac Hypertrophic Remodeling

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally K Hammad ◽  
Min Zi ◽  
Sukhpal Prehar ◽  
Robert Little ◽  
Ludwig Neyses ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Genome wide association studies have recently identified single nucleotide polymorphisms in ATP2B1 , the gene encoding the calcium extrusion pump, plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA1), as having a strong association with hypertension risk. Hypothesis: PMCA1 plays an important role in regulation of blood pressure and protection against hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. Aims: We aim to examine whether there is a functional link between PMCA1 and blood pressure regulation, and the development of hypertension. And to determine the impact this link may have on cardiac structure and function. Methods and Results: To study the role of PMCA1 we generated a global PMCA1 heterozygous knockout mouse (PMCA1 Ht ). PMCA1 Ht mice had 46% to 52% reduction in PMCA1 protein expression compared to the WT, in aorta, heart, kidney and brain. To study the mice under hypertensive stress conditions, 3 month old PMCA1 Ht and wild type (WT) mice were infused via minipump with angiotensin II (1mg/Kg/daily) or water as a control. Upon angiotensin treatment, PMCA1 Ht mice showed a significantly greater increase in systolic (62.24±3.05 mmHg) and diastolic pressure (52.68±4.67 mmHg), in comparison to the WT (33.37±2.91 mmHg and 23.94±4.56 mmHg, respectively), P<0.001, n=12. Moreover, PMCA1 Ht mice showed a significantly greater hypertrophic response as indicated by a greater heart weight to tibia length ratio, cardiomyocyte cell size (410±18.7 μm 2 ), compared to WT mice (340.4±9.8 μm 2 ), and increased expression of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), 2.36 ± 0.25 fold change, n =5-6, P< 0.01. Echocardiography showed no significant changes between PMCA1 Ht and WT mice, in heart rate, and in cardiac function, as indicated by fractional shortening and ejection fraction. In addition, PMCA1 Ht mice showed no sign of lung congestion as indicated by lung weight to body weight ratio. Conclusion: ATP2B1 deletion leads to increased blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy. This provides functional evidence that PMCA1 is involved in blood pressure regulation and protects against the development of hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy.

Blood pressure regulation by ETA and ETB receptors in conscious, telemetry-instrumented mice and role of ETA in hypertension produced by selective ETB blockade

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (6) ◽  
pp. H2554-H2559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan M. Fryer ◽  
Pamela A. Rakestraw ◽  
Patricia N. Banfor ◽  
Bryan F. Cox ◽  
Terry J. Opgenorth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Type B ◽  
Selective Antagonist ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Basal Blood Pressure ◽  
Baseline Values

The net contribution of endothelin type A (ETA) and type B (ETB) receptors in blood pressure regulation in humans and experimental animals, including the conscious mouse, remains undefined. Thus we assessed the role of ETA and ETB receptors in the control of basal blood pressure and also the role of ETA receptors in maintaining the hypertensive effects of systemic ETB blockade in telemetry-instrumented mice. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate were recorded continuously from the carotid artery and daily (24 h) values determined. At baseline, MAP ranged from 99 ± 1 to 101 ± 1 mmHg and heart rate ranged between 547 ± 15 and 567 ± 19 beats/min ( n = 6). Daily oral administration of the ETB selective antagonist A-192621 [10 mg/kg twice daily] increased MAP to 108 ± 1 and 112 ± 2 mmHg on days 1 and 5, respectively. Subsequent coadministration of the ETA selective antagonist atrasentan (5 mg/kg twice daily) in conjunction with A-192621 (10 mg/kg twice daily) decreased MAP to baseline values on day 6 (99 ± 2 mmHg) and to below baseline on day 8 (89 ± 3 mmHg). In a separate group of mice ( n = 6) in which the treatment was reversed, systemic blockade of ETB receptors produced no hypertension in animals pretreated with atrasentan, underscoring the importance of ETA receptors to maintain the hypertension produced by ETB blockade. In a third group of mice ( n = 10), ETA blockade alone (atrasentan; 5 mg/kg twice daily) produced an immediate and sustained decrease in MAP to values below baseline (baseline values = 101 ± 2 to 103 ± 2 mmHg; atrasentan decreased pressure to 95 ± 2 mmHg). Thus these data suggest that ETA and ETB receptors play a physiologically relevant role in the regulation of basal blood pressure in normal, conscious mice. Furthermore, systemic ETB receptor blockade produces sustained hypertension in conscious telemetry-instrumented mice that is absent in mice pretreated with an ETA antagonist, suggesting that ETA receptors maintain the hypertension produced by ETB blockade.

The impact of polymorphisms in the gene encoding aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) on steroid synthesis and blood pressure regulation

2004 ◽  
Vol 217 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M.C Connell ◽  
Robert Fraser ◽  
Scott M MacKenzie ◽  
Elaine C Friel ◽  
Mary C Ingram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Steroid Synthesis ◽  
Aldosterone Synthase ◽  
The Impact

The Impact of Acute Hot or Cold Water Immersion on Post‐Exercise Blood Pressure Regulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Brett Romano Ely ◽  
Victoria A. Robinson ◽  
Christopher W. Havens
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Exercise Blood Pressure ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Vascular Effects of Isolated Isoflavones—A Focus on the Determinants of Blood Pressure Regulation

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Henrique Silva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Biochanin A ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
The Impact

Isoflavones are phytoestrogen compounds with important biological activities, including improvement of cardiovascular health. This activity is most evident in populations with a high isoflavone dietary intake, essentially from soybean-based products. The major isoflavones known to display the most important cardiovascular effects are genistein, daidzein, glycitein, formononetin, and biochanin A, although the closely related metabolite equol is also relevant. Most clinical studies have been focused on the impact of dietary intake or supplementation with mixtures of compounds, with only a few addressing the effect of isolated compounds. This paper reviews the main actions of isolated isoflavones on the vasculature, with particular focus given to their effect on the determinants of blood pressure regulation. Isoflavones exert vasorelaxation due to a multitude of pathways in different vascular beds. They can act in the endothelium to potentiate the release of NO and endothelium-derived hyperpolarization factors. In the vascular smooth muscle, isoflavones modulate calcium and potassium channels, leading to hyperpolarization and relaxation. Some of these effects are influenced by the binding of isoflavones to estrogen receptors and to the inhibition of specific kinase enzymes. The vasorelaxation effects of isoflavones are mostly obtained with plasma concentrations in the micromolar range, which are only attained through supplementation. This paper highlights isolated isoflavones as potentially suitable alternatives to soy-based foodstuffs and supplements and which could enlarge the current therapeutic arsenal. Nonetheless, more studies are needed to better establish their safety profile and elect the most useful applications.

scholarly journals The Impact of Fractional-Order Control on Blood Pressure Regulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Shaival H. Nagarsheth ◽  
Shambhu N. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Design Sensitivity ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents a fractional-order framework for control of blood pressure regulation system. A new perspective is explored to control the blood pressure in lieu of the conventional control framework. A multi-variable scenario is adopted to control two outputs: mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and cardiac output (CO) simultaneously. Three fractional-order controllers are designed and tuned optimally for the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) blood pressure regulation system. To test the effectiveness of the designed fractional controllers, control investigations are carried out based on controller performance indices and sensitivity performance indices. Stability analysis and sensitivity analysis are carried out in order to assure stable as well as robust feedback design. Sensitivity analysis of the paper reveals the controller's ability to handle model uncertainties of the blood pressure regulation system. Numerical simulation results of the paper unfold the best suitable fractional-order controller for the enhanced closed-loop performance of the blood pressure regulation system.

The Effect of Blood Pressure Regulation on Effort in Children in an Academic Setting

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence C. Perlmuter ◽  
Sandra Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Academic Setting

Coarctation repair in adults: beneficial effects on postoperative blood pressure regulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Kuroczynski ◽  
M Hartert ◽  
M Heinemann ◽  
CF Vahl
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Regulation ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Coarctation Repair
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