scholarly journals Cognitive remediation in schizophrenia: background, techniques, evidence of efficacy and perspectives

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vita ◽  
S. Barlati ◽  
M. Bellani ◽  
P. Brambilla
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Treatment Programme ◽  
Core Feature ◽  
Early Phases

Impairment of cognitive functions is a core feature of schizophrenia with relevant consequences on patients' psychosocial functioning. Cognitive remediation techniques have been recently developed with the aim to restore or compensate for such impairments and improve the functional outcome of the disease. There is now convincing evidence of the efficacy of many of these techniques, especially when delivered in the context of a comprehensive treatment programme. Whether the application of these techniques in the early phases of the disease could modify the disease course and outcome and how they could affect brain plasticity and the trajectory of brain disease of schizophrenia is still under scrutiny.

scholarly journals Terapi Menulis untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Kognitif Pecandu Narkoba di Lapas Dewasa Kota Blitar

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Miza Rahmatika Aini ◽  
Hesty Puspitasari
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychotropic Substances ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
New Information ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
Modern Era

Drugs is the term for narcotics, psychotropic substances and other dangerous. The term often used is DRUGS (Narcotics, Alcohol, Psychotropics and other addictive substances) Around us today, there are a lot of addictive substances that are negative and very harmful to the body. Known as narcotics and illegal drugs. In this sophisticated modern era, drugs have become a problem for mankind in various parts of the world. Drugs that can destroy bright reasoning destroy body and soul, inevitably can threaten the future of mankind. In life, a critical step of the neurodevelopmental process, drug abuse may be caused brain plasticity mechanisms that can induce long-lasting improvements in neural circuits and in the end, actions. One of the effects of these improvements is the disability. Cognitive functions, with negative academic effects on the acquisition of new information.  Knowing those phenomena, the researcher had alternative therapy for increasing their cognitive functions. The researcher used writing as a therapy for them. The advantages of writing are immense, but they are also underestimated. Writing has profound therapeutic benefits. Writing is also a healthy brain exercise to activate brain cells and boost memory. This research conducted in Adult Prison in Blitar city, in which 15 drug prisoners were treated into writing theraphy. The result is they could write as well as the icreasing of their cognition.    

Treating Cognitive Impairments in Bipolar Disorders: New Leads in the Cognitive Remediation Field

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S118-S118
Author(s):  
C. Isaac ◽  
M.C. Castillo ◽  
D. Januel
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Neuropsychological Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Bipolar Patients

Cognitive deficits have been overlooked in bipolar spectrum disorders, despite their significant impact on patients’ quality of life. Indeed, nearly sixty percent of stabilized bipolar patients suffer from major cognitive impairments that impede their everyday life functioning. Without proper care, these impairments remain throughout lifespan and increase with hospitalisations, social isolation or pharmacological treatments. Cognitive remediation is a cost-effective tool well accepted by patients and caregivers that has proven its efficacy for treating cognitive impairments in several disorders such as schizophrenia. However, for bipolar disorders, this psychosocial intervention based on brain plasticity is still in its early stages. After depicting the state of the art on cognitive impairments and cognitive remediation in mood disorders, we will introduce the ECo program that was specifically designed for bipolar disorders. We will then present the preliminary results (n = 18) of a double-blind randomised controlled study that assessed the effect of this program on cognitive impairments and psychosocial functioning, at short term and long term (three and nine months). First results support the hypothesis of a positive impact of the ECo cognitive remediation program on bipolar patients’ neuropsychological functioning, self-efficacy and quality of life. Cognitive remediation may be a promising tool for bipolar disorders that meets the needs of patients, their caregivers and the community.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Cognitive Interventions Targeting Brain Plasticity in the Prodromal and Early Phases of Schizophrenia

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 435-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Fisher ◽  
Rachel Loewy ◽  
Kate Hardy ◽  
Danielle Schlosser ◽  
Sophia Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Cognitive Interventions ◽  
Early Phases

Comments on 'Cognitive remediation improves memory and psychosocial functioning in first-episode psychiatric out-patients’: a reply

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-672
Author(s):  
R. S. C. LEE ◽  
M. A. REDOBLADO-HODGE ◽  
S. L. NAISMITH ◽  
D. F. HERMENS ◽  
M. A. PORTER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Remediation ◽  
First Episode

Spontaneous Language of Children With Specific Neurological Syndromes

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Levy ◽  
A. Tennenbaum ◽  
A. Ornoy
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Cognitively Impaired ◽  
Developmental Level ◽  
Word Choice ◽  
Language Variables ◽  
Scalogram Analysis ◽  
Early Phases

This paper presents data concerning the early phases of language development in 8 children with congenital neurological syndromes (NS) who are cognitively impaired. The children are native speakers of Hebrew, and their verbal achievements assessed on normative tests are below their age level. The children’s spontaneous speech was analyzed with respect to 13 different language variables known to be diagnostic of a child’s developmental level. No differences were found between the children and their language-matched controls on 10 grammatical variables. The groups differed, however, in number of pragmatic errors, errors of word choice, and errors of gender marking on animate nouns. Profile analysis was done through the use of POSAC (partial order scalogram analysis by base coordinates; Shye, 1985 Shye, Elizur, & Hoffman, 1994). The analysis did not reveal differences between the children with NS and the controls. These findings suggest the possibility of a mechanism that is functionally akin to brain plasticity. Such a mechanism will guarantee the preservation of basic linguistic skills in children with NS.

Patients with severe schizophrenia. functioning improvement after 7-year of comprehensive treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S195-S195
Author(s):  
J.J. Fernandez-Miranda ◽  
S. Díaz-Fernández ◽  
D.F. Frías-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
Time In Treatment ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Retention In Treatment ◽  
Long Acting

IntroductionTo reach not only clinical but also rehabilitation (especially to improve psychosocial functioning) goals in people with schizophrenia is a need.ObjectiveTo know the retention in treatment and functional outcomes of patients with severe schizophrenia enrolled in a specific and comprehensive programme for 7 years.MethodA 7-year prospective, observational study of patients with severe schizophrenia (CGI-S of 5 or over) undergoing comprehensive programme (n = 200). Assessment included at the beginning and after 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 84 months: the CGI-S, the Camberwell Assessment of Needs (CAN) and the WHO-DAS. Time in treatment, reasons for discharge, laboratory tests, weight, medications, adverse effects and hospital admissions in the previous six years and during the follow-up were registered.ResultsCGI at baseline was 5.9 (0.7). After seven years, 44% of patients continued under treatment (CGI = 4.3 (0.8); P < 0.01); 36% were medical discharged (CGI = 3.4 (1.5); P < 0.001); WHO-DAS decreased in the four areas (P < 0.005) and also CAN (P < 0.01); 8% were voluntary discharges. Ten patients dead; three of them committed suicide (1.5%). Hospital admission decreased significantly (P < 0.001), and also antipsychotic combinations and antiparkinsonian medications. Fifty-five percent of all of them were treated with atypical long-acting antipsychotics, with good tolerability and few side effects (among them, only 4% were voluntary discharges).ConclusionRetention of patients with schizophrenia with severe symptoms and impairment in a specific and comprehensive programme was really high. Such good treatment adherence helped to get remarkable clinical and functional improvement. Long-acting medication seemed to be useful in improving treatment adherence.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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