scholarly journals Insights From Twin Research: Conference at Royal Childrens Hospital, Melbourne, Australia / Twin Studies: Timing of Monozygotic Splitting and Commentary; Gestational Diabetes; ICOMBO’S Post-Partum Depression Study; Photographs of Conjoined Twins / Human Interest: Rare Quadruplets; Mistaken Identity on the Soccer Field; Prenatal Laser Surgery on Triplets; Twins Born to Prince and Princess of Monaco

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Laser Surgery ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Conjoined Twins ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
Post Partum Depression ◽  
Mistaken Identity ◽  
Soccer Field

Highlights from a conference, ‘Healthier Kids: Insights From Twin Research’, held in Melbourne, Australia on December 5, 2014, are summarized. In addition to informative and exciting presentations and discussions of recent findings, three key themes emerged: (1) results from twin research have important implications for non-twins, (2) researchers from diverse disciplines should be encouraged to participate actively in twin research, and (3) investigators, twins and families need to work more collaboratively. Next, papers and studies concerning the biological bases of monozygotic (MZ) twinning, gestational diabetes and post-partum depression are reviewed. Finally, general interest reports of rare quadruplets, mistaken identity, prenatal laser surgery and a royal twin birth are provided.

scholarly journals Musical Interests and Talent: Twin Jazz Musicians and Twin Studies/Twin Research: Loss of a Preterm Multiple; Conjoined Twin Conception; Depression in Fathers of Twins; Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome/Twin News: High-Achieving Twins; Twin Children of a Tennis Star; Conjoined Twin Separation; Twin Delivery to a Giant Panda

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Giant Panda ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Conjoined Twins ◽  
Multiple Birth ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
High Achieving ◽  
Twin Children ◽  
Musical Interests

Findings from twin studies of musical interests and talent are reviewed as a backdrop to the lives and careers of twin jazz musicians, Peter and Will Anderson. The Anderson twins exemplify many aspects of twin research, namely their matched musical abilities, shared musical interests, and common career. This overview is followed by reviews of studies and case reports of bereavement in families who have lost a preterm multiple birth infant, the conception of conjoined twins following in vitro fertilization (IVF), depression in fathers of twins, and twin-to-twin transfusion incidence in monochorionic-diamniotic IVF twin pairs. Twins highlighted in the media include high-achieving identical female twins with nearly identical academic standing, tennis star Roger Federer's two sets of identical twin children, surgical separation of craniopagus conjoined twins, and the rare delivery of twins to a 23-year-old giant panda.

scholarly journals Twin Studies in Brazil: Projects and Plans / Twin Research: Infant Twins’ Viewing of Social Scenes; Religiosity and Substance Abuse; Down Syndrome Among Twins; Twin Case of Chronic Periodontitis / In the News: The Twin ‘Property Brothers’, Twins With Cerebral Palsy; Twins Affected With the Zika Virus; Twin Writers Derek and Roddy; Twins on Sports Teams; Local Quads

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Segal
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
General Interest ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
Social Scenes

Twin research in Brazil twin has expanded enormously in recent years, engaging the interests and efforts of many investigators, students and twins. Descriptions and brief summaries of this work and talks given by investigators at local conferences are presented, based on my four-city lecture tour. This is followed by summaries of twin research on infants’ viewing of social scenes, religiosity and substance abuse, Down syndrome, and chronic periodontitis. This article concludes with twin-related news and information of general interest, including identical twin property designers, twins with cerebral palsy, twins affected with the Zika virus, a pair of twin writers, twins in sports, and a set of quadruplets from my childhood neighborhood in Riverdale, New York.

scholarly journals Tribute to Dr Louis Keith: Twin and Physician Extraordinaire/Twin Research Reports: Influences on Asthma Severity; Chimerism Revisited; DNA Strand Break Repair/Media Reports: Twins Born Apart; Elevated Twin Frequencies; Celebrity Father of Twins; Conjoined Twinning

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 494-497
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Twin Studies ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Strand Break ◽  
Conjoined Twins ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
Dna Strand Break ◽  
Repair Mechanisms ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Dna Strand

The International Society for Twin Studies has lost a valued friend and colleague. Dr Louis Keith, Emeritus Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Northwestern University, in Chicago, passed away on Sunday, July 6, 2014. His life and work with twins will be acknowledged at the November 2014 International Twin Congress in Budapest, Hungary. Next, twin research reports on the severity of asthma symptoms, a case of chimerism, and factors affecting DNA breakage and repair mechanisms are reviewed. Media reports cover twins born apart, elevated twin frequencies, a celebrity father of twins, and a family's decision to keep conjoined twins together.

scholarly journals Twin Studies of Multiple Myeloma / Research Reviews and News: Critique of Twin Research; Opposite-Sex Twins and Sexual Attraction; Twinning Rates and Assisted Reproductive Technology; Family History of Multiple Implantation / Human Interest: Book Party: Born Together — Reared Apart; Morning Sickness and Twins; Sexuality in Conjoined Twins; Kofi Annan: Opposite-Sex Twin; Switched at Birth

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 645-649
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Segal
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Sexual Attraction ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Conjoined Twins ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Morning Sickness ◽  
Human Interest ◽  
Twin Research ◽  
Opposite Sex

A foundation for studying multiple myeloma, launched by a monozygotic twin, is described. Twin studies of that disease are also examined. A summary of selected research studies and news events follows, with specific reference to a new critique of twin research, sexual attraction in separated opposite-sex twins, twinning rates following assisted reproductive technology and family histories of multiple implantation. Human interest topics cover a gathering of researchers from the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart, morning sickness and twin pregnancy, sexuality in conjoined twins, a famous hidden twin, and a film about switched at birth babies.

Gestational diabetes mellitus: are mothers being followed-up? A retrospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp18X697469
Author(s):  
Rebecca Ward ◽  
Fahmy W Hanna ◽  
Ann Shelley-Hitchen ◽  
Ellen Hodgson ◽  
Adrian Heald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Median Time ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Tertiary Referral Centre ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Nice Guidance ◽  
History Of

BackgroundWomen with gestational diabetes (GDM) have an elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2DM). NICE Guidance recommends women who develop GDM are screened 6 weeks post-partum and annually thereafter.AimTo evaluate conformity to guidance of screening in women with GDM by 6-week post-partum fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and annual FPG and determine time between delivery and development of T2DM.MethodRecords at a tertiary referral centre were used to identify women (n = 54) diagnosed with GDM by antenatal oral glucose tolerance test between July 1999 and January 2007. Data from laboratory records were used to collect investigations of glycaemic status during the follow-up period (median follow-up 12.4 years, range 9.5–17.1 years).ResultsOf 252 women, 102 (40.2%) did not have a FPG at 6 weeks (+/−2 weeks). Of these, median time to first test was 1.2 years (range 0.04–10.8 years), with only 43.1% followed-up within 1 year. In those who had a 6-week FPG, 17 (11.3%) women had no further tests. A total of 84 (33% of those with gestational diabetes in the index pregnancy) women were diagnosed with T2DM; median time from delivery to diagnosis was 5.2 years (range 0.35–15.95). We found the only significant factor for a follow-up test at 1-year post-partum was the use of insulin.ConclusionOur data suggest an alternative approach is needed for monitoring women with a history of GDM. This needs to be appropriate for a generally healthy group in which traditional screening mechanisms may not be adequate or sufficient.

Study of Possible Relation between Fasting Plasma Glucagon, Gestational Diabetes and Development of Type 2 DM

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf Okba ◽  
Salwa Seddik Hosny ◽  
Alyaa Elsherbeny ◽  
Manal Mohsin Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Plasma Glucagon ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Two Phases

Background and Aims: Women who develop GDM (gestational diabetes mellitus) have a relative insulin secretion deficiency, the severity of which may be predictive for later development of diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the role of fasting plasma glucagon in the prediction of later development of diabetes in pregnant women with GDM. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 150 pregnant women with GDM after giving informed oral and written consents and being approved by the research ethical committee according to the declaration of Helsinki. The study was conducted in two phases, first phase during pregnancy and the second one was 6 months post-partum, as we measured fasting plasma glucagon before and after delivery together with fasting and 2 hour post-prandial plasma sugar. Results: Our findings suggested that glucagon levels significantly increased after delivery in the majority 14/25 (56%) of GDM women who developed type 2 DM within 6 months after delivery compared to 6/20 (30%) patients with impaired fasting plasma glucose (IFG) and only 22/105 (20%) non DM women, as the median glucagon levels were 80,76, 55, respectively. Also, there was a high statistical difference between fasting plasma glucagon post-delivery among diabetic and non-diabetic women (p ≤ 0.001). These results indicated the useful role of assessing fasting plasma glucagon before and after delivery in patients with GDM to predict the possibility of type 2 DM. Conclusion: There is a relatively high glucagon level in GDM patients, which is a significant pathogenic factor in the incidence of subsequent diabetes in women with a history of GDM. This could be important in the design of follow-up programs for women with previous GDM.

scholarly journals Metabolic signatures in the conversion from gestational diabetes mellitus to postpartum abnormal glucose metabolism: a pilot study in Asian women

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi-Meng Wang ◽  
Yan Gao ◽  
Johan G. Eriksson ◽  
Weiqing Chen ◽  
Yap Seng Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Serum Metabolites ◽  
Abnormal Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Metabolic Signatures

AbstractWe aimed to identify serum metabolites related to abnormal glucose metabolism (AGM) among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The study recruited 50 women diagnosed with GDM during mid-late pregnancy and 50 non-GDM matchees in a Singapore birth cohort. At the 5-year post-partum follow-up, we applied an untargeted approach to investigate the profiles of serum metabolites among all participants. We first employed OPLS-DA and logistic regression to discriminate women with and without follow-up AGM, and then applied area under the curve (AUC) to assess the incremental indicative value of metabolic signatures on AGM. We identified 23 candidate metabolites that were associated with postpartum AGM among all participants. We then narrowed down to five metabolites [p-cresol sulfate, linoleic acid, glycocholic acid, lysoPC(16:1) and lysoPC(20:3)] specifically associating with both GDM and postpartum AGM. The combined metabolites in addition to traditional risks showed a higher indicative value in AUC (0.92–0.94 vs. 0.74 of traditional risks and 0.77 of baseline diagnostic biomarkers) and R2 (0.67–0.70 vs. 0.25 of traditional risks and 0.32 of baseline diagnostic biomarkers) in terms of AGM indication, compared with the traditional risks model and traditional risks and diagnostic biomarkers combined model. These metabolic signatures significantly increased the AUC value of AGM indication in addition to traditional risks, and might shed light on the pathophysiology underlying the transition from GDM to AGM.

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