Potential Role of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines in Neurodegeneration

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tauqeerunnisa Syeda ◽  
Jason R. Cannon
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

scholarly journals Metabolism and biomarkers of heterocyclic aromatic amines in humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Medjda Bellamri ◽  
Scott J. Walmsley ◽  
Robert J. Turesky
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines ◽  
Epidemiology Studies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Analytical Approaches ◽  
Cooked Meat ◽  
Cooked Meats

AbstractHeterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) form during the high-temperature cooking of meats, poultry, and fish. Some HAAs also arise during the combustion of tobacco. HAAs are multisite carcinogens in rodents, inducing cancer of the liver, gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, mammary, and prostate glands. HAAs undergo metabolic activation by N-hydroxylation of the exocyclic amine groups to produce the proposed reactive intermediate, the heteroaryl nitrenium ion, which is the critical metabolite implicated in DNA damage and genotoxicity. Humans efficiently convert HAAs to these reactive intermediates, resulting in HAA protein and DNA adduct formation. Some epidemiologic studies have reported an association between frequent consumption of well-done cooked meats and elevated cancer risk of the colorectum, pancreas, and prostate. However, other studies have reported no associations between cooked meat and these cancer sites. A significant limitation in epidemiology studies assessing the role of HAAs and cooked meat in cancer risk is their reliance on food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) to gauge HAA exposure. FFQs are problematic because of limitations in self-reported dietary history accuracy, and estimating HAA intake formed in cooked meats at the parts-per-billion level is challenging. There is a critical need to establish long-lived biomarkers of HAAs for implementation in molecular epidemiology studies designed to assess the role of HAAs in health risk. This review article highlights the mechanisms of HAA formation, mutagenesis and carcinogenesis, the metabolism of several prominent HAAs, and the impact of critical xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes on biological effects. The analytical approaches that have successfully biomonitored HAAs and their biomarkers for molecular epidemiology studies are presented.

scholarly journals The role of creatine in the organism of pigs and its effect on the quality of pork: a review / Rola kreatyny w organizmie świń i jej wpływ na jakość mięsa wieprzowego: artykuł przeglądowy

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Janicki ◽  
Mateusz Buzała
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines ◽  
Drip Loss ◽  
Lactate Formation ◽  
Pig Feed ◽  
Water Holding

Abstract In pigs, creatine is synthesized mainly in the liver, kidneys and pancreas from amino acids such as glycine, arginine and methionine. It is located mainly in skeletal muscle (approximately 95-98%) in the form of phosphocreatine. It is a source of energy for muscles, thus delaying the postmortem metabolism of glycogen and lactate formation and a decrease in pH during conversion of muscle to meat. Use of supplemental creatine monohydrate in pig feed may contribute to the improvement of pork quality parameters such as pH, colour, water holding capacity and drip loss. These parameters are also improved in pigs carrying the RN- and RYR1T gene. Creatine contained in meat can also be a precursor of heterocyclic aromatic amines mutagenic to humans, formed during thermal processing of meat.

POPDC proteins and cardiac function

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1393-1404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Brand
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Interaction Partners ◽  
And Function

Abstract The Popeye domain-containing gene family encodes a novel class of cAMP effector proteins in striated muscle tissue. In this short review, we first introduce the protein family and discuss their structure and function with an emphasis on their role in cyclic AMP signalling. Another focus of this review is the recently discovered role of POPDC genes as striated muscle disease genes, which have been associated with cardiac arrhythmia and muscular dystrophy. The pathological phenotypes observed in patients will be compared with phenotypes present in null and knockin mutations in zebrafish and mouse. A number of protein–protein interaction partners have been discovered and the potential role of POPDC proteins to control the subcellular localization and function of these interacting proteins will be discussed. Finally, we outline several areas, where research is urgently needed.

The Effect of Path Length and Display Size on Memory for Spatial Information

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Guérard ◽  
Sébastien Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Path Length ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Recall Performance ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Length Effect ◽  
Serial Memory ◽  
Fixed Reference ◽  
A Minor

In serial memory for spatial information, some studies showed that recall performance suffers when the distance between successive locations increases relatively to the size of the display in which they are presented (the path length effect; e.g., Parmentier et al., 2005) but not when distance is increased by enlarging the size of the display (e.g., Smyth & Scholey, 1994). In the present study, we examined the effect of varying the absolute and relative distance between to-be-remembered items on memory for spatial information. We manipulated path length using small (15″) and large (64″) screens within the same design. In two experiments, we showed that distance was disruptive mainly when it is varied relatively to a fixed reference frame, though increasing the size of the display also had a small deleterious effect on recall. The insertion of a retention interval did not influence these effects, suggesting that rehearsal plays a minor role in mediating the effects of distance on serial spatial memory. We discuss the potential role of perceptual organization in light of the pattern of results.

The Potential Role of the Cytochrome P-450 2D6 Pharmacogenetic Polymorphism in Drug Abuse

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward M. Sellers ◽  
S. Victoria Otton ◽  
Rachel F. Tyndale
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cytochrome P 450
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document