Expressing Arsenite Antiporter PvACR3;1 in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Decreases Inorganic Arsenic Content in Rice Grains

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the major food crops in many countries. As the cultivation of rice requires huge volume of water, long term use of Arsenic contaminated groundwater for irrigation may result in the increase of arsenic concentration in the agricultural soil and eventually accumulation in rice grains. A micro level study was conducted to investigate the transfer of arsenic from irrigation water and soil to rice plants in the arsenic affected 8 unions of Chandina upazilla, Comilla district. The level of arsenic in irrigation water (0.12±0.08 and 0.67±0.07 mg l-1) was much above the WHO permissible limit of 0.01 mg l-1 for drinking water and FAO permissible limit of 0.10 mg l-1 for irrigation water. The total soil arsenic concentrations ranged from 3.21±0.80 to 8.74±2.83 mg kg-1 dry weight of soil, which was below the maximum acceptable limit for agricultural soil of 20.0 mg kg-1 as recommended by the European Community. The accumulation of arsenic in the grain ranged from 0.12±0.04 to 0.58±0.06 mg kg-1 in Boro and 0.16±0.04 to 1.06±0.20 mg kg-1 in T. Aman. Except grain sample (T. Aman) of one union, the grains in both Boro and T. Aman of all unions did not exceed 1.0 mg kg-1 dry weight of arsenic (the permissible limit of arsenic in rice according to WHO recommendation). Thus, till now rice has remained harmless for consumption in the study area. The results clearly showed that the arsenic content in the grains of Boro rice is correlated to the intensity of arsenic contamination of irrigation water and soil. The Agriculturists 2014; 12(2) 74-82

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Mechanical and Processing Properties of Rice Grains

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12020552 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 552 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Weronika Kruszelnicka ◽

Andrzej Marczuk ◽

Robert Kasner ◽

Patrycja Bałdowska-Witos ◽

Katarzyna Piotrowska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Oryza Sativa ◽

Negative Correlation ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Static Compression ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Rice Grains ◽

Processing Properties

Strength properties of grains have a significant impact on the energy demand of grinding mills. This paper presents the results of tests of strength and energy needed the for destruction of rice grains. The research aim was to experimentally determine mechanical and processing properties of the rice grains. The research problem was formulated in the form of questions: (1) what force and energy are needed to induce a rupture of rice grain of the Oryza sativa L. of long-grain variety? (2) what is the relationship between grain size and strength parameters and the energy of grinding rice grain of the species Oryza sativa L. long-grain variety? In order to find the answer to the problems posed, a static compression test of rice grains was done. The results indicate that the average forces needed to crush rice grain are 174.99 kg m·s−2, and the average energy is 28.03 mJ. There was no statistically significant relationship between the grain volume calculated based on the volumetric mass density Vρ and the crushing energy, nor between the volume Vρ and other strength properties of rice grains. In the case of Vs, a low negative correlation between strength σmin and a low positive correlation between the power inducing the first crack were found for the grain size related volume. A low negative correlation between the grain thickness a3, stresses σmin and work WFmax was found as well as a low positive correlation between thickness a3 and the force inducing the first crack Fmin.

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Evaluation of cadmium (Cd) transfer from paddy soil to rice (Oryza sativa L.) using DGT in comparison with conventional chemical methods: derivation of models to predict Cd accumulation in rice grains

Environmental Science and Pollution Research ◽

10.1007/s11356-020-07976-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (13) ◽

pp. 14953-14962

Author(s):

Wendan Xiao ◽

Xuezhu Ye ◽

Zhiqiang Zhu ◽

Qi Zhang ◽

Shouping Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Paddy Soil ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Cd Accumulation ◽

Rice Grains

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The Effect of Degree of Milling on the Nutraceutical Content in Ecofriendly and Conventional Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9091297 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1297

Author(s):

Seung-Hyun Kim ◽

Yu-Jin Yang ◽

Ill-Min Chung

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Brown Rice ◽

Stepwise Discriminant Analysis ◽

Rice Grains ◽

Degree Of Milling

We investigated the effects of the type of rice and degree of milling (DOM) on the nutraceutical content and antioxidant activity of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The fatty acid (FA), vitamin E homolog, and phenolic contents in organic (OR), pesticide-free (PFR), and conventional rice (CR) decreased significantly with an increase in the DOM of rice grains, particularly for a DOM of 7 and 9 (p < 0.05). The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity also decreased with the DOM; particularly, this activity decreased significantly, by approximately 60%, in rice grains with a DOM between 7 and 11, as compared to that of brown rice (p < 0.05). α-Tocopherol (r = 0.854) and p-coumaric acid (r = 0.501) showed the strongest correlation with DPPH activity in each chemical group. Stepwise discriminant analysis enabled the correct original and cross-validated classification of 87.0% and 81.5% of rice types, respectively. Additionally, the original and cross-validated classification of rice DOM levels showed that, overall, 93.8% and 92.6% of rice samples were correctly classified. Our findings reveal variations in the nutraceutical levels and antioxidant activities in rice grains based on the rice type and DOM, which can help improve the nutritional evaluation of human-health-promoting rice grains.

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Can iron and zinc in rice grains (Oryza sativa L.) be biofortified with nitrogen fertilisation under pot conditions?

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.1002/jsfa.3194 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 88 (7) ◽

pp. 1172-1177 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Jin Zhang ◽

Lianghuan Wu ◽

Minyan Wang

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Nitrogen Fertilisation ◽

Rice Grains ◽

Iron And Zinc

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Interferences of Inorganic Arsenic (III & V) on Growth and Development of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) With Special Emphasis on Root and Coleoptile Growth

10.21203/rs.3.rs-848767/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

N.K. Mondal ◽

Priyanka Debnath ◽

Debojyoti Mishra

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Inorganic Arsenic ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Ion Leakage ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Coleoptile Length ◽

Arsenic Accumulation ◽

Percent Germination ◽

The Impact

Abstract A short-term phytotoxicity experiment was conducted on four varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under the influence of arsenic (III & V) to evaluate the impact on root and coleoptiles growth. Four varieties (GB-1, IET-4786, IET-4094, and MTU-1010) of rice were undertaken for this study with different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mg/L) of arsenic (III & V). Germination along with mean daily germination (MDG), length of root and coleoptile, water holding capacity of root and coleoptiles, fresh and dry weight, arsenic accumulation, MDA and root ion leakage were evaluated. Results highlighted that the percent germination of IET-4094 and MTU-1010 varieties of rice seed over control decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing concentration of both arsenite and arsenate. However, the percent germination of GB-I and IET-4786 dose not affected on the different concentration of both arsenate and arsenite. The root and coleoptile length of all the four varieties showed remarkable decreasing trend over control with increasing concentration of both arsenite and arsenate. However, more pronounced effects were observed for arsenite than arsenate. Similarly, biomass of shoot is less affected than root under different concentration of arsenite and arsenate. The variety IET-4786 and MTU-1010, accumulated lower level of arsenic and variety GB-1 accumulate higher level of MDA level in root under both arsenite and arsenate treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded that the variety IET-4786 and MTU-1010 are the suitable varieties towards phytoremediation of both arsenite and arsenate. Moreover, farmers of arsenic contaminated area are recommended to cultivate IET-4786 and MTU-1010 varieties.

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Arsenic in Rice: A New Global Disaster

SRI JNPG COLLEGE REVELATION A JOURNAL OF POPULAR SCIENCE ◽

10.29320/sjnpgrj.v2i01.11037 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Debasis Chakrabarty

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Oryza Sativa ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Staple Food ◽

Food Crop ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Rice Grains ◽

As Toxicity ◽

Essential Food

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is amidst the great essential food crop that offers a staple food for most of the world’s populace. Arsenic (As) is a carcinogenic heavy metal, which harms human health. In Asian countries, a major source of human As-intake is rice grains and; contamination of paddy soils by As and accumulation of As in rice grains is one of the serious agricultural issues. Hence, it is important to mitigate the effects of As toxicity as much as possible. In an attempt to minimize As accumulation in grains various genes have been introduced in rice. The main objective of this review is to provide an overview of the arsenic problem and various biotechnological methods exploited for reducing As accumulation in rice grain.

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