Nitration of Tyrosine in the Mucin Glycoprotein of Edible Bird’s Nest Changes Its Color from White to Red

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (22) ◽  
pp. 5654-5662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Kian-Shiun Shim ◽  
Soo-Ying Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mucin Glycoprotein ◽  
Edible Bird’S Nest

scholarly journals A Study on the Skin Whitening Activity of Digesta from Edible Bird’s Nest: A Mucin Glycoprotein

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Qunyan Fan ◽  
Jianmei Lian ◽  
Xuncai Liu ◽  
Fengyang Zou ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Tyrosinase Activity ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
Skin Whitening ◽  
Cell Experiment ◽  
Mucin Glycoprotein ◽  
Edible Bird’S Nest ◽  
Whitening Activity ◽  
Free Sialic Acid

Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is an unusual mucin glycoprotein. In China, it is popular among consumers due to its skin whitening activity. However, the relationship between protein, sialic acid, and the whitening activity of EBN after digestion is still unclear. In the present work, the whitening activity (antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity) of digested EBN were studied by HepG2 and B16 cell models. The dissolution rate of protein and sialic acid was 49.59% and 46.45% after the simulated digestion, respectively. The contents of free sialic acid and glycan sialic acid in EBN digesta were 17.82% and 12.24%, respectively. HepG2 cell experiment showed that the digested EBN had significant antioxidant activity, with EC50 of 1.84 mg/mL, and had a protective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative damage cells. The results of H2O2-induced oxidative damage showed that the cell survival rate increased from 40% to 57.37% when the concentration of digested EBN was 1 mg/mL. The results of the B16 cell experiment showed that the digested EBN had a significant inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity, and the EC50 value of tyrosinase activity was 7.22 mg/mL. Cell experiments showed that free sialic acid had stronger antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibitory activity than glycan sialic acid. The contribution rate analysis showed that protein component was the main antioxidant component in digestive products, and the contribution rate was 85.87%; free sialic acid was the main component that inhibited tyrosinase activity, accounting for 63.43%. The products of the complete digestion of EBN are suitable for the development of a new generation of whitening health products.

scholarly journals Role of CA 19-9 in complex ovarian tumors

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanya S. Thomas ◽  
Ajit Sebastian ◽  
Vinotha Thomas ◽  
Anitha Thomas ◽  
Rachel Chandy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Mass ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Epithelial Tumors ◽  
Mucin Glycoprotein ◽  
Glycoprotein Antigen ◽  
Mucinous Tumours

Background: Cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is a tumor-associated mucin glycoprotein antigen that may be elevated in healthy individuals as well as in patients with benign and malignant tumors. It is useful in the management of pancreatic and other gastrointestinal tumors. CA 19-9 is also elevated in benign and malignant ovarian tumors. Aim: To study the pattern of serum CA19-9 in complex ovarian tumors. Methods: The study design was descriptive, based on data collected from medical records. Patients with a complex ovarian mass, who were investigated with CA 19-9 and had undergone surgery, wereincluded in the study. The study duration was 2 years from January 2014 to December 2015. A total of 273 patients (119 - benign and 154 malignant) with complex ovarian mass and elevated CA 19-9 underwent surgery during the study period. Results: CA 19-9 was elevated in 55 patients (20%). Of these, 23 patients had benign tumors while 32 had malignant tumors.Among patients with benign tumors, 21 had dermoid, 23 had mucinous tumors and 75 had other types of tumors. CA 19-9 was elevated in 10 (47.6%) of the dermoids, 7 (30.4%) of the mucinous tumors and 6 (8%) of the other benign tumors. Among patients with malignant tumors, 138 were epithelial and 16 were non epithelial tumors. Of the epithelial tumors, 31 were mucinous and 107 were non mucinous types. Overall, 29 (21%) had elevated CA 19-9. Of the epithelial tumors, 22.6% of the mucinous type and 20.6% of the non mucinous type had elevated CA 19-9. Among the non-epithelial tumors, 3 (18.8%) had elevated CA19-9. Conclusion: CA 19-9 is elevated in several conditions but most likely to be raised in dermoid cysts and mucinous tumours. CA19-9 levels need to be interpreted along with clinical and radiological findings.

Functional food & ingredients from seaweed, edible Bird's nest and tropical fruits: A translational research

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 112164
Author(s):  
Seng Joe Lim ◽  
Lee Sin Chang ◽  
Shazrul Fazry ◽  
Wan Aida Wan Mustapha ◽  
Abdul Salam Babji
Keyword(s):  
Translational Research ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Edible Bird’S Nest

scholarly journals Protective Effect of Edible Bird’s Nest on Ovaries of Cycling Female Rats Subjected to Cadmium Toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Quddus ◽  
Nurhusien Yimer ◽  
Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse ◽  
M. Mustapha Noordin ◽  
Mark W. H. Hiew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Cadmium Toxicity ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Edible Bird’S Nest

scholarly journals Impurities Detection in Intensity Inhomogeneous Edible Bird’s Nest (EBN) Using a U-Net Deep Learning Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-145
Author(s):  
Ying-Heng Yeo ◽  
Kin-Sam Yen
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Misclassification Rate ◽  
Dice Coefficient ◽  
Edible Bird’S Nest ◽  
Deep Learning Model ◽  
Output Probability ◽  
Previous Image

As an important export, cleanliness control on edible bird’s nest (EBN) is paramount. Automatic impurities detection is in urgent need to replace manual practices. However, effective impurities detection algorithm is yet to be developed due to the unresolved inhomogeneous optical properties of EBN. The objective of this work is to develop a novel U-net based algorithm for accurate impurities detection. The algorithm leveraged the convolution mechanisms of U-net for precise and localized features extraction. Output probability tensors were then generated from the deconvolution layers for impurities detection and positioning. The U-net based algorithm outperformed previous image processing-based methods with a higher impurities detection rate of 96.69% and a lower misclassification rate of 10.08%. The applicability of the algorithm was further confirmed with a reasonably high dice coefficient of more than 0.8. In conclusion, the developed U-net based algorithm successfully mitigated intensity inhomogeneity in EBN and improved the impurities detection rate.

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