Polyphenol-Rich Loquat Fruit Extract Prevents Fructose-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Modulating Glycometabolism, Lipometabolism, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Intestinal Barrier, and Gut Microbiota in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (27) ◽  
pp. 7726-7737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfeng Li ◽  
Hongyan Yang ◽  
Qiang Zhao ◽  
Xv Wang ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Role and Mechanisms of Probiotics in Regulating the ROS/JNK Signaling Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
HuiYuan Xu ◽  
LeiLei Yang ◽  
YuMei Huang ◽  
ChangPing Li
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Jnk Signaling ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Jnk Signaling Pathway

Abstract This study was aimed to investigate the impact of probiotics on regulating the ROS/JNK signaling pathway their underlying mechanism of action in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. For this purpose, male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: control, probiotics, and model groups. Methionine and choline deficiency (MCD) diets were fed for four weeks to establish a NAFLD mouse model. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TC, and TG were detected. Moreover, the pathological changes of the liver and ileum tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in liver tissues was determined. In addition, the levels of D-lactic acid and plasma and small intestine diamine oxidase were measured to evaluate the effects of probiotics on the intestinal tract of NAFLD mice. The expression levels of p-JNK, Bax, and Caspase-3 were established to analyze the regulatory mechanism of probiotics on the JNK signaling pathway. We found that probiotics improve liver function, repair intestinal barrier and significantly suppressed oxidative stress, JNK phosphorylation. Moreover, the application of probiotics regulated the expression of signaling pathway-related proteins and promoted the intestinal barrier function repair and decreased intestinal permeability. The data above suggest that probiotics alleviate NAFLD, whose mechanism might be associated with the regulation of ROS/JNK signaling pathway and the suppression of oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Impact of Hypocaloric Hyperproteic Diet on Gut Microbiota in Overweight or Obese Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2721-2731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltan Pataky ◽  
Laurence Genton ◽  
Laurent Spahr ◽  
Vladimir Lazarevic ◽  
Sylvain Terraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Hemodialysis Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Jung Wu ◽  
Jin-Bor Chen ◽  
Wen-Chin Lee ◽  
Hwee-Yeong Ng ◽  
Shu-Ching Lien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Cellulose Membrane ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Copy Numbers

Introduction. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming more common around the world and it may progress to cirrhosis and liver failure, increasing mortality risk. In hemodialysis (HD) patients, NAFLD may be a novel risk factor for their high cardiovascular mortality. Heightened oxidative stress is highly prevalent in HD patients. However, the relationship between oxidative stress and NAFLD in HD patients is not well defined.Methods. We studied seventy-one stable nondiabetic HD patients. Nineteen patients had the diagnosis of NAFLD by ultrasonography. Blood levels of oxidative stress markers were measured in each patient, including thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free thiols, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. The copy numbers of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in peripheral leukocytes were also determined. Demographic, biochemistry, and hemogram data were recorded. The two groups of patients were compared in order to determine the factors associated with NAFLD in HD patients.Findings. Compared to those without NAFLD, nondiabetic HD patients with NAFLD had significantly higher mtDNA copy number and GPx levels. The two groups did not differ significantly in dialysis adequacy, hemoglobin, serum calcium, phosphorus, albumin, liver function tests, or lipid profiles. Regression analysis confirmed mtDNA copy numbers and GPx levels as two independent factors associated with NAFLD. Compared to those with polysulfone, patients dialyzed with cellulose membrane have significantly higher levels of TBARS. However, patients with or without NAFLD did not differ in their use of either dialysis membrane.Discussion. Oxidative stress (represented by antioxidant defense, GPx) and mitochondrial DNA copy numbers are independently associated with fatty liver disease in nondiabetic HD patients. The diagnostic and therapeutic implications of this key observation warrant further exploration.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota Changes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Concomitant Cardiovascular Diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena H. Kurinna
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) bears serious economic consequences for the health care system worldwide and Ukraine, in particular. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of mortality in NAFLD patients. Changes in the gut microbiota composition can be regarded as a potential mechanism of CVD in NAFLD patients.The purpose of this work was to investigate changes in major gut microbiota phylotypes, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria with quantification of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in NAFLD patients with concomitant CVD.The author enrolled 120 NAFLD subjects (25 with concomitant arterial hypertension (AH) and 24 with coronary artery disease (CAD)). The gut microbiota composition was assessed by qPCR.Resultsthe author found a marked tendency towards an increase in the concentration of Bacteroidetes (by 37.11% and 21.30%, respectively) with a decrease in Firmicutes (by 7.38% and 7.77%, respectively) in both groups with comorbid CAD and AH with the identified changes not reaching a statistical significance. The author quantified a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of Actinobacteria in patients with NAFLD with concomitant CAD at 41.37% (p<0.05) as compared with those with an isolated NAFLD. In patients with concomitant AH, the content of Actinobacteria dropped by 12.35%, which was statistically insignificant.Conclusionsthe author established changes in the intestinal microbiota, namely decrease in Actinobacteria in patients with CAD, which requires further research.

scholarly journals Disease-Associated Gut Microbiota Reduces the Profile of Secondary Bile Acids in Pediatric Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiake Yu ◽  
Hu Zhang ◽  
Liya Chen ◽  
Yufei Ruan ◽  
Yiping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Secondary Bile Acids

Children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) display an altered gut microbiota compared with healthy children. However, little is known about the fecal bile acid profiles and their association with gut microbiota dysbiosis in pediatric NAFLD. A total of 68 children were enrolled in this study, including 32 NAFLD patients and 36 healthy children. Fecal samples were collected and analyzed by metagenomic sequencing to determine the changes in the gut microbiota of children with NAFLD, and an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) system was used to quantify the concentrations of primary and secondary bile acids. The associations between the gut microbiota and concentrations of primary and secondary bile acids in the fecal samples were then analyzed. We found that children with NAFLD exhibited reduced levels of secondary bile acids and alterations in bile acid biotransforming-related bacteria in the feces. Notably, the decrease in Eubacterium and Ruminococcaceae bacteria, which express bile salt hydrolase and 7α-dehydroxylase, was significantly positively correlated with the level of fecal lithocholic acid (LCA). However, the level of fecal LCA was negatively associated with the abundance of the potential pathogen Escherichia coli that was enriched in children with NAFLD. Pediatric NAFLD is characterized by an altered profile of gut microbiota and fecal bile acids. This study demonstrates that the disease-associated gut microbiota is linked with decreased concentrations of secondary bile acids in the feces. The disease-associated gut microbiota likely inhibits the conversion of primary to secondary bile acids.

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