Cost-Effective Face Mask Filter Based on Hybrid Composite Nanofibrous Layers with High Filtration Efficiency

Langmuir ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa A. Abbas ◽  
Basamat S. Shaheen ◽  
Loujain G. Ghanem ◽  
Ibrahim M. Badawy ◽  
Mohamed M. Abodouh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Filtration Efficiency

Study of face mask filtration efficiency to prevent fine dust to secure people’s right to health

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-193
Author(s):  
Woo-Taeg Kwon ◽  
◽  
Min-Jae Jung ◽  
Bum-Soo Kim ◽  
Woo-Sik Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Mask ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Fine Dust

scholarly journals Modelling to inform the COVID-19 response in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine A Ferguson ◽  
Eric Brum ◽  
Anir Chowdhury ◽  
Shayan Chowdhury ◽  
Mikolaj Kundegorski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Potential Outcomes ◽  
Case Detection ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Seir Model ◽  
Death Data ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

AbstractBackgroundNon-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) used to limit SARS-CoV-2 transmission vary in their feasibility, appropriateness and effectiveness in different contexts. In Bangladesh a national lockdown implemented after the first detected case in early March 2020 rapidly exacerbated poverty and was considered untenable long-term, whilst surging cases in 2021 warrant renewed NPIs. We examine potential outcomes and costs of NPIs considered appropriate and feasible to deploy in Dhaka over the course of the pandemic including challenges of compliance and scale up.MethodsWe developed an SEIR model for application to Dhaka District, parameterised from literature values and calibrated to death data from Bangladesh. We discussed scenarios and parameterizations with policymakers using an interactive app, to guide modelling of lockdown and post-lockdown measures considered feasible to deliver; symptoms-based household quarantining and compulsory mask-wearing. We examined how testing capacity affects case detection and compared deaths, hospitalisations relative to capacity, working days lost from illness and NPI compliance, and cost-effectiveness.ResultsLockdowns alone were predicted to delay the first epidemic peak but were unable to prevent overwhelming of the health service and were extremely costly. Predicted impacts of post-lockdown interventions depended on their reach within communities and levels of compliance: symptoms-based household quarantining alone was unable to prevent hospitalisations exceeding capacity whilst mask-wearing could prevent overwhelming health services and be cost-effective given masks of high filtration efficiency. The modelled combination of these measures was most effective at preventing excess hospitalizations for both medium and high filtration efficiency masks. Even at maximum testing capacity, confirmed cases far underestimate total cases, with saturation limiting reliability for assessing trends. Recalibration to surging cases in 2021 suggests limited immunity from previous infections and the need to re-sensitize communities to increase mask wearing.ConclusionsMasks and symptoms-based household quarantining act synergistically to prevent transmission, and are cost-effective in mitigating impacts. Our interactive app was valuable in supporting decision-making in Bangladesh, where mask-wearing was mandated early, and community teams have been deployed to support household quarantining across Dhaka. This combination of measures likely contributed to averting the worst impacts of a public health disaster as predicted under an unmitigated epidemic, but delivering an effective response at scale has been challenging. Moreover, lack of protection to the B.1.351 variant means messaging to improve mask-wearing is urgently needed in response to surging cases.

scholarly journals Filtration Efficiency of Hospital Face Mask Alternatives Available for Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 180 (12) ◽  
pp. 1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. Sickbert-Bennett ◽  
James M. Samet ◽  
Phillip W. Clapp ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
Jon Berntsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Mask ◽  
Filtration Efficiency

scholarly journals The effect of face mask mandates during the COVID-19 pandemic on the rate of mask use in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Maloney
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Cost Effective Measure

ABSTRACTAs COVID-19 continues to spread throughout the United States, there has been a search for policies to prevent individual infections, to slow the spread of the virus in general, and to mitigate the economic impact of the pandemic. Masks have proven to be a cost-effective measure in all regards, and as such some state governments have begun to mandate their use. However, while the efficacy of masks has been demonstrated, the efficacy of public policies which mandate the use of masks has not been demonstrated. This paper compares the rates of mask use in counties as defined by state policy. It finds that state mandates are strongly correlated with higher rates of mask use, and that mandating use by all individuals in public spaces is more effective than a less comprehensive mandate for mask use by all public facing employees.

scholarly journals Non-Woven Materials for Cloth-Based Face Mask Inserts: Relationship Between Material Properties and Sub-Micron Aerosol Filtration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leigh R. Crilley ◽  
Andrea Angelucci ◽  
Brian Malile ◽  
Cora J. Young ◽  
Trevor C. VandenBoer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Face Mask ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Public Health Agencies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aerosol Filtration ◽  
Health Agencies ◽  
Micron Particle ◽  
Current Guidance ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines

<div>Current guidance by leading public health agencies recommends wearing a 3-layer cloth-based face mask with a middle non-woven material insert to reduce the transmission of infectious respiratory viruses like SARS-CoV-2. In this work we explore the material characteristics for a range of readily available non-woven materials and their sub-micron particle filtration efficiency (PFE), with the aim of providing evidence-based guidelines for selecting appropriate materials as inserts in cloth-based masks. We observed a wide range of ideal PFE for the tested non-woven materials, with polypropylene, Swiffer and Rayon/polyester blend providing the highest PFE and breathability. Our results suggest that materials comprising loose 3D fibrous webs (e.g. flannel, Swiffer and gauze) exhibited enhanced filtration efficiency compared to compressed counterparts. Common modifications to fabrics, such as water-resistant treatment and a sewn seam were also investigated. Overall, we demonstrate that adding an appropriate non-woven material as an insert filter can significantly improve the performance of cloth-based masks, and there exist suitable cellulose-based alternatives to polypropylene.</div>

The Filtration Efficiency of Single-Layer Textiles for Respiratory protection

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Behnam Pourdeyhimi ◽  
Simon Schick ◽  
Robert Groten
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Filtration Efficiency ◽  
Respiratory Protection ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Astm Standard ◽  
The Face

Due to the increasing number of corona cases and the face mask industry's associated bottleneck, this work focuses on the various single-layer textiles used as cloth masks. The purpose of this work is to test ten different single-layer textiles for their suitability as face masks. All tests in this work were carried out based on the ASTM F2299 and the new ASTM Standard for barrier masks (3502-21). The new standard offers a more precisely defined test protocol and is consistent with how respirators are tested. The results show that only one of the ten textiles tested meets the ASTM requirements for a barrier mask. We also include data for ASTM F2299 and report the results for unneutralized challenge particles at various face velocities for the same single-layer textiles. These results are different from those of the ASTM 3502 because the particle size and the procedure used are different.  Under ASTM 3502, the resistance values ​​are significantly higher, and the efficiency values ​​are significantly lower than those reported by using the ASTM F2299.

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