C9 Petroleum Resin Hydrogenation over a PEG1000-Modified Nickel Catalyst Supported on a Recyclable Fluid Catalytic Cracking Catalyst Residue

A Ni-based catalyst (Ni-PVP/PFC3R) with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as a dispersant supported in a pretreated fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (PFC3R) was synthesized and applied to C9 petroleum resin (C9 PR) hydrogenation. For comparison, a Ni catalyst without PVP (Ni/PFC3R) was prepared in the same way. Ni-PVP/PFC3R exhibited higher activity and better stability. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, H 2 -temperature programmed reduction/temperature programmed desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method. The catalysts had a smaller crystallite size and stronger interactions between the Ni species and the PFC3R support in the presence of PVP. The effects of nickel loading, H 2 pressure, temperature and reaction time for C9 PR hydrogenation over Ni-PVP/PFC3R were investigated. The bromine number was reduced to 1.25 under the following conditions: nickel content of 12 wt%, PVP amount of 1.5 wt%, temperature of 270°C, H 2 pressure of 8 MPa and reaction time of 240 min.

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The conversion of α-pinene to cis-pinane using a nickel catalyst supported on a discarded fluid catalytic cracking catalyst with an ionic liquid layer

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c9ra00675c ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 5978-5986 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Shunyou Hu ◽

Linlin Wang ◽

Xiaopeng Chen ◽

Xiaojie Wei ◽

Zhangfa Tong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Nickel Catalyst ◽

Liquid Layer ◽

Catalytic Cracking ◽

Fluid Catalytic Cracking ◽

Excellent Selectivity

The Ni/DF3C coated with ionic liquid layer exhibits excellent selectivity toward cis-pinane and stability in the hydrogenation of α-pinene.

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Fluid Catalytic Cracking: Science and Technology

10.1016/s0167-2991(08)x6071-9 ◽

1993 ◽

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Cracking ◽

Science And Technology ◽

Fluid Catalytic Cracking

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Modeling, simulation, and optimization for producing ultra-low sulfur and high-octane number gasoline by separation and conversion of fluid catalytic cracking naphtha

Fuel ◽

10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120740 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 299 ◽

pp. 120740

Author(s):

Yuhao Zhang ◽

Mengmeng Liu ◽

Liang Zhao ◽

Suxin Liu ◽

Jinsen Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Octane Number ◽

Catalytic Cracking ◽

Fluid Catalytic Cracking ◽

Simulation And Optimization ◽

Modeling Simulation ◽

Low Sulfur ◽

High Octane

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Research on Hazardous Waste Removal Management: Identification of the Hazardous Characteristics of Fluid Catalytic Cracking Spent Catalysts

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26082289 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (8) ◽

pp. 2289

Author(s):

Haihui Fu ◽

Yan Chen ◽

Tingting Liu ◽

Xuemei Zhu ◽

Yufei Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Hazardous Waste ◽

Environmental Quality ◽

Catalytic Cracking ◽

Petroleum Refining ◽

Fluid Catalytic Cracking ◽

Refining Industry ◽

Spent Catalyst ◽

Spent Catalysts ◽

Petroleum Refining Industry

Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) spent catalysts are the most common catalysts produced by the petroleum refining industry in China. The National Hazardous Waste List (2016 edition) lists FCC spent catalysts as hazardous waste, but this listing is very controversial in the petroleum refining industry. This study collects samples of waste catalysts from seven domestic catalytic cracking units without antimony-based passivation agents and identifies their hazardous characteristics. FCC spent catalysts do not have the characteristics of flammability, corrosiveness, reactivity, or infectivity. Based on our analysis of the components and production process of the FCC spent catalysts, we focused on the hazardous characteristic of toxicity. Our results show that the leaching toxicity of the heavy metal pollutants nickel, copper, lead, and zinc in the FCC spent catalyst samples did not exceed the hazardous waste identification standards. Assuming that the standards for antimony and vanadium leachate are 100 times higher than that of the surface water and groundwater environmental quality standards, the leaching concentration of antimony and vanadium in the FCC spent catalyst of the G set of installations exceeds the standard, which may affect the environmental quality of surface water or groundwater. The quantities of toxic substances in all spent FCC catalysts, except those from G2, does not exceed the standard. The acute toxicity of FCC spent catalysts in all installations does not exceed the standard. Therefore, we exclude “waste catalysts from catalytic cracking units without antimony-based passivating agent passivation nickel agent” from the “National Hazardous Waste List.”

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Combined mild hydrocracking and fluid catalytic cracking process for efficient conversion of light cycle oil into high-quality gasoline

Fuel ◽

10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120364 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 292 ◽

pp. 120364

Author(s):

Peipei Miao ◽

Xiaolin Zhu ◽

Yangling Guo ◽

Jie Miao ◽

Mengyun Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Catalytic Cracking ◽

Fluid Catalytic Cracking ◽

Light Cycle ◽

High Quality ◽

Light Cycle Oil ◽

Efficient Conversion ◽

Cycle Oil ◽

Cracking Process

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Assessment of the Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Geopolymer Concrete Comprising Fly Ash and Fluid Catalytic Cracking Residue as Aluminosilicate Precursor

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11073032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 3032

Author(s):

Tuan Anh Le ◽

Sinh Hoang Le ◽

Thuy Ninh Nguyen ◽

Khoa Tan Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Elastic Modulus ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Catalytic Cracking ◽

Fluid Catalytic Cracking ◽

High Alumina ◽

Geopolymer Concrete ◽

Sem Images

The use of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) by-products as aluminosilicate precursors in geopolymer binders has attracted significant interest from researchers in recent years owing to their high alumina and silica contents. Introduced in this study is the use of geopolymer concrete comprising FCC residue combined with fly ash as the requisite source of aluminosilicate. Fly ash was replaced with various FCC residue contents ranging from 0–100% by mass of binder. Results from standard testing methods showed that geopolymer concrete rheological properties such as yield stress and plastic viscosity as well as mechanical properties including compressive strength, flexural strength, and elastic modulus were affected significantly by the FCC residue content. With alkali liquid to geopolymer solid ratios (AL:GS) of 0.4 and 0.5, a reduction in compressive and flexural strength was observed in the case of geopolymer concrete with increasing FCC residue content. On the contrary, geopolymer concrete with increasing FCC residue content exhibited improved strength with an AL:GS ratio of 0.65. Relationships enabling estimation of geopolymer elastic modulus based on compressive strength were investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that the final product from the geopolymerization process consisting of FCC residue was similar to fly ash-based geopolymer concrete. These observations highlight the potential of FCC residue as an aluminosilicate source for geopolymer products.

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