Catalytic Transformation of Carbon Black to Carbon Nanotubes

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 4498-4501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Kishinevsky ◽  
Sergey I. Nikitenko ◽  
David M. Pickup ◽  
Ernst R. H. van-Eck ◽  
Aharon Gedanken
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Catalytic Transformation

scholarly journals sp2 Carbon Stable Radicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Elena F. Sheka
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Intermolecular Interaction ◽  
Open Shell ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Spatially Extended ◽  
Stable Radicals ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Shungite Carbon ◽  
Technological Products

sp2 Nanocarbons such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene molecules are not only open-shell species, but spatially extended, due to which their chemistry is quite specific. Cogently revealed dependence of the final products composition on size and shape of the carbons in use as well as on the chemical prehistory is accumulated in a particular property—the stabilization of the species’ radical efficiency, thus providing the matter of stable radicals. If the feature is highly restricted and rarely available in ordinary chemistry, in the case of sp2 nanocarbons it is just an ordinary event providing, say, tons-in-mass stable radicals when either producing such widely used technological products as carbon black or dealing with deposits of natural sp2 carbons such as anthracite, shungite carbon, and other. Suggested in the paper is the consideration of stable radicals of sp2 nanocarbons from the standpoint of spin-delocalized topochemistry. Characterized in terms of the total and atomically partitioned number of effectively unpaired electrons as well as of the distribution of the latter over carbon atoms and described by selectively determined barriers of different reactions exhibiting topological essence of intermolecular interaction, sp2 nanocarbons reveal a peculiar topokinetics that lays the foundation of the stability of their radical properties.

Polyol Synthesis of Lithium Iron Phosphate with Carbon Nanotubes: Effect of Dispersion on Crystallinity and Electrochemical Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley D. Tennyson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Lithium Iron Phosphate ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Polyol Synthesis ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Conductive Additive ◽  
Power Capability

ABSTRACTCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been shown to be a viable conductive additive in Li-Ion batteries [1]. By using CNTs battery life, energy, and power capability can all be improved over carbon black, the traditional conductive additive. A significantly smaller weight percentage (5% CNTs) is needed to get the same conductivity as 20% carbon black. Many of the previous efforts found that a combination of conductive additives was most advantageous [2]. Unfortunately many of these efforts did not attend to the unique challenge that dispersing nanotubes presents and used non-optimal methods to disperse CNTs (e.g. ball milling) [3,4]. With poor dispersion a stable and resilient conductive network in the cathode is hard to form with CNTs alone. Here we investigate the formation of LiFePO₄ with CNTs using a polyol process synthesis.

Double-walled carbon nanotubes synthesized using carbon black as the dot carbon source

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 3100-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Gang Chen ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Wen-Cai Ren ◽  
Hongtao Cong ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Double Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Multifunctional Superhydrophobic Polymer/Carbon Nanocomposites: Graphene, Carbon Nanotubes, or Carbon Black?

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 8859-8867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Asthana ◽  
Tanmoy Maitra ◽  
Robert Büchel ◽  
Manish K. Tiwari ◽  
Dimos Poulikakos
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Carbon Nanocomposites

Mechanism growth of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on carbon black

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (7-10) ◽  
pp. 1506-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Bapstiste Donnet ◽  
Hanae Oulanti ◽  
Thang Le Huu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon

scholarly journals Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Efficiency in the Range 8.2-12.4 GHz of Polymer Composites with Dispersed Carbon Nanoparticles

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna V. Gubarevich ◽  
Kazuki Komoriya ◽  
Osamu Odawara
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference Shielding ◽  
X Band ◽  
Graphite Nanoparticles

In the present work, electromagnetic interference shielding properties of polymer composites with dispersed cup-stacked carbon nanotubes, graphite nanoparticles and carbon black were investigated. The polymer composites with carbon nanoparticles content from 1 to 5 w% were successfully prepared by the coagulation method, and composite sheets with thickness from 0.25 to 0.77 mm were formed by the hot press technique. The electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency measured in the frequency range of 8.2~12.4 GHz (X-band) of cup-stacked carbon nanotubes/polymer composite was considerably higher than that of carbon black and graphite nanoparticles polymer composites at the same contents of carbon nanoparticles, and contribution of absorption to the shielding efficiency was found to be higher than that of reflection.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Performance Improvement of the Catalyst of the Methanol Micro-Fuel Cell Using Carbon Nanotubes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kazemi Nasrabadi ◽  
Amir Ebrahimi-Moghadam ◽  
Mohammad Hosein Ahmadi ◽  
Ravinder Kumar ◽  
Narjes Nabipour
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Methanol Oxidation Reaction

Due to low working temperature, high energy density and low pollution, proton exchange fuel cells have been investigated under different operating conditions in different applications. Using platinum catalysts in methanol fuel cells leads to increasing the cost of this kind of fuel cell which is considered as a barrier to the commercialism of this technology. For this reason, a lot of efforts have been made to reduce the loading of the catalyst required on different supports. In this study, carbon black (CB) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) have been used as catalyst supports of the fuel cell as well as using the double-metal combination of platinum-ruthenium (PtRu) as anode electrode catalyst and platinum (Pt) as cathode electrode catalyst. The performance of these two types of electro-catalyst in the oxidation reaction of methanol has been compared based on electrochemical tests. Results showed that the carbon nanotubes increase the performance of the micro-fuel cell by 37% at maximum power density, compared to the carbon black. Based on thee-electrode tests of chronoamperometry and voltammetry, it was found that the oxidation onset potential of methanol for CNT has been around 20% less than CB, leading to the kinetic improvement of the oxidation reaction. The current density of methanol oxidation reaction increased up to 62% in CNT sample compared to CB supported one, therefore the active electrochemical surface area of the catalyst has been increased up to 90% by using CNT compared to CB which shows the significant rise of the electrocatalytic activity in CNT supported catalyst. Moreover, the resistance of the CNT supported sample to poisonous intermediate species has been found 3% more than CB supported one. According to the chronoamperometry test results, it was concluded that the performance and sustainability of the CNT electro-catalyst show remarkable improvement compared to CB electro-catalyst in the long term.

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